lab 1

Question 1

what is the function of bile and how/where is it discharged

Answer 1

bile salts help to digest and absorb fats and vitamins. It is discharged from the gall bladder (in humans NOT RATS) via the cystic duct then bile duct then into the duodenum.

Question 2

where is the epiglottis and what is its function

Answer 2

the epiglottis is ventral to the glottis and functions to cover the opening to the trachea (glottis) when swallowing food/water

Question 3

what are the four passages for air and food which converge at back (posterior) of pharynx

Answer 3

mouth–> oesophagus; nasal passages –> trachea

Question 4

order of GIT

Answer 4

oesophagus, stomach, small int - duodenum, jejunum, ileum, large int - caecum, colon, rectum, anus.

Question 5

what organs are in the thoracic cavity

Answer 5

heart (pericardial cavity), lungs (2x pleural cavity), thymus

Question 6

what organs are in the abdominal cavity

Answer 6

stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, pancreas, spleen, kidneys, urinary bladder, reproductive organs

Question 7

what are the serous membranes and where are they found

Answer 7

peritoneum (mesentery is double layered peritoneum), pleura, pericardium) function to reduce friction of organ movement (thin, wet)

Question 8

flow of nutrient-laden blood from small intestine pathway

Answer 8

veins are tributaries to hepatic portal vein going to the liver

Question 9

Structures found in humans not rats

Answer 9

gall bladder, canine teeth, sigmoid colon, true vermiform appendix

Question 10

organs not part of the digestive system

Answer 10

heart, lungs, spleen, kidneys, bladder, reproductive organs, thymus

Question 11

liver function

Answer 11

metabolic regulation, filters blood from small intestine, largest gland in the body, bile produced as by product aids in digestion and absorption

Question 12

pancreas function

Answer 12

secretes digestive enzymes (amylase, lipase, protease) and hormones (insulin) into duodenum