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berg lab > LAB 1 :) > Flashcards

LAB 1 :) Flashcards

1
Q

The Wingate Anaerobic Test (WAnT), introduced in the mid-1970s, is the most widely used test for assessing?

A

A subject’s anaerobic capacity and anaerobic fitness level.

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2
Q

Explain the WAnT test?

A

Maximal all-out cycling, or cranking if executed with the arms, against a resistance that is proportional to the body weight of the subject.

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3
Q

How long is the WAnT test?

A

30 seconds

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4
Q

What is the key result of the WAnT?

A

number of pedal revolutions

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5
Q

What are the 2 ways the pedal revolutions can be counted?

A

1) visual observation

2) electromagnents or photoelectric cells attached to the ergometer which increase the precision of the count.

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6
Q

What is the benefit of using more sophisticated methods (like electromagnets, etc) to count pedal revolutions?

A

Makes the test more accurate.

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7
Q

Where is ATP found?

A

Muscle tissue

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8
Q

Where is ATP produced?

A

In the food we eat

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9
Q

How can our muscles get ATP?

A

By burning

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10
Q

What is the chemical process of using up ATP?

A

When ATP is used to produce energy, it loses a phosphate molecule and becomes adenosine diphosphate, which can then be converted back to ATP via various energy systems.

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11
Q

How long can resting muscle fibers last with stored ATP?

A

Just a few seconds of intense work.

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12
Q

If intense work lasts more than a few seconds, what does the muscle require to get its energy?

A

The muscle requires a system to replenish the ATP pool, which is found in the phosphocreatine (PCr) system. Phosphate molecules in PCr are introduced to ADP, making ATP.

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13
Q

How long does this ATP-PCr system last?

A

About 5-10 seconds of intense muscular work.

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14
Q

Once the PCr system is depleted, the working muscles do what?

A

Use the anaerobic glycolytic system

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15
Q

How long can the anaerobic glycolytic system last you?

A

Highly active for 5-50 seconds of intense muscular work.

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16
Q

How does the anaerobic glycolytic system provide ATP?

A

Breakdown of glucose (glycolysis) and glycogen (glycogenolysis) in the muscle.

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17
Q

What happens when lactic acid builds up (what does the individual have to do)? How long does this take?

A

Cease all activity in order to allow for clearance of said lactic acid and replenishment of the ATP-PCr stores. → Takes one to two minutes.

18
Q

What percent of required ATP comes from the ATP-PCr system and the anaerobic glycolytic system?

A

80% roughly

19
Q

For prolonged exercise, what system is used?

A

Oxidative glycolysis. → for more efficient, yet slower, ATP.

20
Q

What does “peak anaerobic power” reflect?

A

reflects the ability to use the ATP-PCr system since the peak power output value typically occurs within the first 5 seconds of the WAnT.

21
Q

What does “mean anaerobic power” reflect?

A

Ability to use the anaerobic glycolytic system because about 50% of the energy supplied to the working muscles during the entire test is generated by anaerobic glycolysis and anaerobic glyconeogenesis.

22
Q

Typically the peak anaerobic power is calculated over _______ seconds.

A

5

23
Q

Total work is calculated as?

A

amount of force applied through the distance travelled over the entire 30 second test.

24
Q

Fatigue Index is what?

A

The rate of power decrease from the point of peak anaerobic power to the point of minimum anaerobic power.

25
Q

Explain the monarch.

A

It is modified with an electromagnetic counter, which is used to determine flywheel revolutions in order to accurately calculate the work output for each 5 second period of the 30 second test.

26
Q
  1. Explain the velotron.
A

Resistance applied to the flywheel is based on the subject’s weight and experience with anaerobic conditioning. Many of the velotron ergometer values are automatically calculated and will be provided to you in the lab.

27
Q

WARM UP: What is it? How long?

A

3-5 min; cycle at low intensity interspersed with 2-3 sprints of 5 seconds at prescribed force.

28
Q

RECOVERY: What is it? How long?

A

2-3 min; rest or cycle against minimal force

29
Q

ACCELERATION: What is it? How long?

A

5-10 secl cycle for 5-10 sec at 1/3 prescribed force for 20-50 rpm. Then cycle 1-5 seconds against 1/2 to 2/3 prescribed force at near maximal rpm.

30
Q

WINGATE TEST: What is it? How long?

A

30 sec; cycle at highest rpm possible against prescribed force.

31
Q

COOL DOWN: What is it? How long?

A

2-3 min; cycle at a low to moderate aerobic power level (25-100 watts).

32
Q

how can you determine how much worka person requires to move him or herself?

A

W=F X d

in Joules

33
Q

Does a person do more work if they run instead of walk up the stairs? Explain.

A

No, the concept of work does not take into account the time required to climb the stairs. Yet the two situations are different. When a person runs up the stairs, he does the same amount of work in less time than when he walks up the stairs. In other words, he works faster.

34
Q

What is Power? and units

A

P = work over time

Watts

35
Q

One watt is equal to one ______ of work done per _______.

A

joule of work done per second.

36
Q

TOTAL WORK equation

A

= Force (N) x total revolutions for test x 6m

  • The total amount of force applied through the distance traveled during the test.
  • Where Force = mass (resistance on ergometer) x acceleration (9.82 m/s2)

[Nm or J]

37
Q

MEAN AN-POWER equation

A

= Total Work / Total time
- Reflects ability to use the anaerobic glycolytic system.

[W]

38
Q

PEAK AN-POWER equation

A

= Force (N) x maximum revolutions (in a 5 sec period) x 6 m / 5 sec - Reflects the ability to use the ATP-PCr system.

[W]

39
Q

FATIGUE INDEX

A

= [(max AnPower - min AnPower) / max AnPower] x 100

40
Q

What does fatigue index indicate and reflect?

A

Indicates the percentage of the subject’s power decline during the 30-sec test.

Reflects the ability to maintain Power output from anaerobic energy systems.

41
Q

TOTAL ENERGY EXPENDITURE

A

Total work (Nm) X 0.000239 Kcal/Nm

[Kcal]

berg lab (3 decks)

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