Lab 1: Overview & Development Flashcards
(45 cards)
What are the components of the CNS?
brain + spinal cord
What are the components of the PNS?
ventral + dorsal rootlets, spinal nerves, nerve plexi, dorsal root ganglia, paravertebral ganglia, peripheral nerves, sensory receptors
What is gray mater in the CNS called?
cortex + nuclei
What is white matter in the CNS called?
tract, lemniscus, fasciculi, capsule, peduncle, column
What is gray matter in the PNS called?
ganglia
What is white matter in the PNS called?
nerve
How does sensory info travel through the NS?
sensory receptors -> peripheral sensory nerve fibers -> dorsal root -> dorsal root ganglia -> spinal cord -> brainstem nuclei -> cortex
How does motor info travel through NS?
primary motor cortex -> spinal cord -> ventral roolets/roots -> peripheral nerves -> motor end plates (muscles)
What are the afferent structures of the SNS?
sensory receptors, peripheral nerves, ascending spinal tracts, brainstem nuclei, cerebrum
What are the efferent structures of the SNS?
cortex, subcortical structures, descending motor tracts, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, motor end plate
What are the target organs of the SNS?
skeletal muscles
What are the afferent structures of the ANS?
sensory receptors, peripheral nerves, ascending spinal tracts, brainstem nuclei, cerebrum
What are the efferent structures of the ANS?
cranial nerves, parasympathetic functions, spinal cord, paravertebral ganglia, peripheral nerves, target organ ganglia
What are the target organs of the ANS?
smooth muscle, grandular tissue, cardiac muscle
What are the pairs of anatomical terms for the horizontal axis of the brain?
rostral:anterior, dorsal:superior, caudal:posterior, ventral:inferior
What are the pairs of anatomical terms for the vertical axis of the brain?
ventral:anterior, rostral:superior, dorsal:posterior, caudal:inferior
On which plane of section of the cerebrum can you best visualize the globus pallidus?
transverse/axial/horizontal
On which plane of section of the cerebrum can you best visualize the corpus callosum?
sagittal
On which plane of section of the cerebrum can you best visualize the superior cerebellar peduncle?
coronal/frontal
What are the names of the cranial fossae and what neurological structures are in each?
anterior = frontal lobe
middle = temporal lobe
posterior = brainstem + cerebellum
What are the divisions of the dura and what do they divide?
falx cerebri -> R + L hemispheres
tentorium cerebelli -> middle + posterior cranial fossae
tentorial notch -> opening for brainstem
What are the 3 developmental stages in utero and the duration of each?
pre-embryonic = conception to day 14
embryonic = day 15 to 8 weeks
fetal = 8 weeks to birth
What is the ectoderm and what structures are derived from it?
primary outer germ layer; sensory organs, epidermis, nervous system
What is the mesoderm and what structures are derived from it?
primary middle germ layer; dermis, muscle skeleton, excretory + circulatory systems
