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EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION LAB > LAB 10- Balance Assessments > Flashcards

LAB 10- Balance Assessments Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

balance is a key component of ____

A

functional fitness

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2
Q

balance is skill/health-related component of fitness

A

skill-related

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3
Q

what does balance demand

A

high levels of other components of fitness (e.g., strength, flexibility, reaction time, coordination)

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4
Q

balance training is emerging as what

A

one of the top 10 exercise trends

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5
Q

for seniors, why is balance extremely important

A

to maintenance of independent living status + successful completion of ADLs

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6
Q

what does balance training help prevent

A

falls

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7
Q

**define balance

A

the ability to keep the body’s center of gravity (COG) within the base of support when maintaining a static position, performing voluntary movements, or reacting to external disturbances

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8
Q

**3 types of balance

A

-static
-dynamic
-functional

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9
Q

**static balance

A

the ability to maintain COG within the supporting base while standing or sitting

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10
Q

**dynamic balance

A

maintaining an upright position while COG + base of support are moving + the COG is moving outside of the supporting base

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11
Q

**functional balance

A

the ability to perform daily movement tasks requiring balance

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12
Q

**the further the COG from the base of support…

A

lower stability

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13
Q

**the bigger (broader) the base of support…

A

higher stability

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14
Q

what 2 programs increase the ability to maintain + improve balance through improving stability

A

resistance training + stretching programs

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15
Q

what exercises can challenge balance response + provide variety

A

exercising on unstable surfaces

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16
Q

____, ____, + ____ programs are more effective than ____ for reducing risk of falling

A

-balance, resistance, + flexibility training
-endurance training

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17
Q

has an optimal fall prevention program been significantly identified yet

A

no

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18
Q

what do fall prevention programs generally include

A

a mix of balance, resistance, flexibility, + plyometric exercises

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19
Q

many balance test batteries are ____

A

comprehensive
-include multiple test items to assess both static + dynamic balance

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20
Q

are there test batteries solely for dynamic/static/functional

A

yes

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21
Q

how are DIRECT measures of balance obtained

A

using computerized force plate devices
-very similar to tire alignment + balance

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22
Q

**3 static balance tests

A

-Romberg tests
-unipedal stance test
-clinical test of sensory integration of balance

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23
Q

Romberg tests

A

measure static balance while standing with eyes open + eyes closed
-named after Moritz Romberg
-incorrectly used as a field sobriety
-multiple variations

static balance test

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24
Q

unipedal stance test

Study These Flashcards
A

timed one-leg stance test that provides simple measure of static balance
-two conditions: eyes open/eyes closed
-multiple variations- flamingo, stork, etc.

static balance test

25
clinical test of sensory integration of balance
evaluates the contributions of the visual, proprioception, + vestibular sensory systems to balance ## Footnote static balance test
26
**3 dynamic balance tests
-functional reach tests -timed up + go tests -star excursion balance test
27
functional reach tests
measure maximum distance one can reach beyond an arm's length without losing balance or moving the feet ## Footnote dynamic balance test
28
timed up and go tests
assess dynamic balance + agility of older adults ## Footnote dynamic balance test
29
star excursion balance test
provides a significant challenge to athletes + physically active individuals ## Footnote dynamic balance test
30
static + dynamic balance tests are direct/indirect
indirect
31
Y-balance test
allows us to quarter the body + look at how the core + each extremity function under body weight loads
32
what can the Y-balance test device + protocol be used for
measuring pre + post rehabilitation performance, improvement after performance enhancement programs, dynamic balance for fitness programs, + return to sport readiness
33
Y-balance test is a modification of what
star excuration balance test (SEBT)
34
2 parts of the Y-balance test
-low quarter (YBT-LQ) -upper quarter (YBT-UQ)
35
YBT-LQ- what leg is being assessed
the leg you are STANDING ON
36
as an integral part of Functional Movement Systems, the Y Balance Test is a thoroughly researched, yet easy way to test a client’s ____ as well as demonstrate ____
-motor control -functional symmetry
37
Y-balance test- "medial" means
on medial side of PLANTED LEG
38
Y-balance test- "posterior lateral" means
curtsy squat
39
how many trials are given to each part of Y-balance test
-5 practical trials -3 actual trials
40
how is each segment of the Y-balance test scored
take the highest of the 3 trials
41
Y-balance testing order
-R anterior reach -L anterior reach -R posteromedial reach -L posteromedial reach -R posterolateral reach -L posterolateral reach
42
4 test faults of Y-balance test
-kicking push box -not returning to starting position under control -touching down during reach -foot on top of stance plate
43
**what do we measure for Y-balance test
limb length -ASIS to medial malleolus in cm
44
equation for composite score of Y-balance test
[(ant + PL + PM)/ (3)(limb length)] x 100
45
qualification for symmetry of anterior segment of Y-balance test
4cm or less
46
qualification for symmetry of PM/PL segments of Y-balance test
6cm or less
47
muscular flexibility is a component of skill/health-related fitness
health-related fitness
48
define flexibility
ROM of a joint or group of joints, as per the skeletal muscles + not any external forces
49
how can static flexibilty be achieved
through the use of gravitational force, a partner, or specific exercise equipment
50
define dynamic flexibility
the full ROM of a given joint acheived through the voluntary use of skeletal muscles in combination with external forces
51
does ROM of 1 particular joint predict the ROM of other joints
no
52
can 1 assessment tell you overall ROM for an individual
no
53
flexibility assessment proticol
goniometer
54
goniometer
similar to a protractor + is used to measure a joint's ROM expressed in degrees
55
arms of goniometer
2 arms -STABILIZATION ARM that is fixed to the proximal body segment -MOVEMENT ARM that follows the distal body segment as it is moved through its ROM
56
where is the axis of the goniometer placed
at a predetermined anatomical landmark, generally at the joint axis of rotation
57
sit-and-reach test
indirect measure of static flexibility of lower back + hamstring group
58
assessment procedures of sit-and-reach test
-perform dynamic warm-up followed by a light static stretch -place sit-and-reach box on a flat surface -feet are flat against the box (no shoes) -back of knees are in contact with the floor plus low back, shoulders, + head are in contact with a wall -place a large yard or meter stick on top of the box (no need for measurement device if box is equipped) -client reaches forward, bending at the waist with legs flat against the floor -exhale + drop the head between the arms -at the end point, hold this position for 2 s + then relax -perform three times + measure to the nearest 0.25 in (0.6 cm) -record the best result + compare to table
59
how long must patient hold for sit-and-reach test to be sufficient
2 seconds

EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION LAB (10 decks)

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