Lab 11 Flashcards by Jade Hernandez

Q

Name the skeletal muscles of the eyeball that innervate the following CN

Oculomotor

CN III

A

Superior, inferior, medial rectus, and inferior oblique

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Q

Name the skeletal muscles of the eyeball that innervate the following CN

Trochlear

CN IV

A

Superior oblique

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Q

Name the skeletal muscles of the eyeball that innervate the following CN

Abducens

CN VI

A

Lateral rectus

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Q

What structure is the colored part of one’s eye?

A

Iris

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Q

Function of the pupil

A

Control the amount of light entering the eye

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Q

Function of the lens

A

Focus the light to a specific region of the retina

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Q

What happens when the ciliary muscles contract?

A

Narrows the circumference of ring
Relaxes the suspensory ligaments
Lens returns to resting shape – round and conducive to greater refraction and closer vision

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Q

Explain the blind spot

A

The presence of the optic disc prevents the retina from perceiving light in that area

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Q

Photoreceptor found at the fovea centralis and its impact on vision

A

Cones: come in one of three forms (red, green, or blue) and provide color vision and acuity

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Q

Name the Cranial Nerve and Function

CN I

A

CN: Olfactory
Origin: Cerebrum
Exit: Cribiform plate
Modality: Sensory
Function: Smell

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Q

Name the Cranial Nerve and Function

CN II

A

CN: Optic
Origin: Cerebrum
Exit: Optic Canal
Modality: Sensory
Function: Vision

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Q

Name the Cranial Nerve and Function

CN III

A

CN: Oculomotor
Origin: Brainstem
Exit: Superior orbital fissure
Modality: Motor
Function: Eye movement - inferior oblique, superior/ inferior/ medial rectus; pupil constriction

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Q

Name the Cranial Nerve and Function

CN IV

A

CN: Trochlear
Origin: Brainstem
Exit: Superior Orbital Fissure
Modality: Motor
Function: Eye movement – superior oblique

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Q

Name the Cranial Nerve and Function

CN V-1

A

CN: Trigeminal – Opthalmic
Origin: Brainstem
Exit: Superior orbital fissure
Modality: Sensory
Function: sensation in the face

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Q

Name the Cranial Nerve and Function

CN V-2

A

CN: Trigeminal - Maxillary
Origin: Brainstem
Exit: foramen rotundum
Modality: Sensory
Function: Sensation in the face

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Q

Name the Cranial Nerve and Function

CN V-3

Study These Flashcards

A

CN: Trigeminal – Mandibular
Origin: Brainstem
Exit: Foramen Ovale
Modality: Both
Function: sensation in the face and chewing

Q

Name the Cranial Nerve and Function

CN VI

Study These Flashcards

A

CN: Abducens
Origin: Brainstem
Exit: Superior orbital fissure
Modality: Motor
Function: eye movement - lateral rectus

Q

Name the Cranial Nerve and Function

CN VII

Study These Flashcards

A

CN: Facial
Origin: Brainstem
Exit: Internal acoustic meatus > Stylomastoid
Modality: Both
Function: Taste; somatosensory info from ear; facial expressions

Q

Name the Cranial Nerve and Function

CN VIII

Study These Flashcards

A

CN: Vestibulocochlear
Origin: Brainstem
Exit: Internal acoustic meatus
Modality: Sensory
Function: Hearing and balance

Q

Name the Cranial Nerve and Function

CN IX

Study These Flashcards

A

CN: Glossopharyngeal
Origin: Brainstem
Exit: Jugular foramen
Modality: Both
Function: Taste; somatosensory from tongue/ tonsil/ phraynx; swallowing

Q

Name the Cranial Nerve and Function

CN X

Study These Flashcards

A

CN: Vagus
Origin: Brainstem
Exit: Jugular foramen
Modality: Both
Function: Taste; Regulation of internal organ functions and vasomotor activity (e.g. coughing, sneezing, swallowing)

Q

Name the Cranial Nerve and Function

CN XI

Study These Flashcards

A

CN: Accessory
Origin: Brainstem
Exit: Jugular foramen
Modality: Motor
Function: Movement of sternocleidomastoid and trapezius

Q

Name the Cranial Nerve and Function

CN XII

Study These Flashcards

A

CN: Hypoglossal
Origin: Brainstem
Exit: Hypoglossal canal
Modality: Motor
Function: Tongue muscles

Q

Benefit of olfactory reflex

Study These Flashcards

A

harsh smells induce a withdrawal reflex to decrease the likelihood of ingestion/ exposure to harmful substances

Evolutionary advantage to adaptation to smell

1. We are alerted to changes in proximity/ intensity of smells 2. We can make cognitive decisions regarding odors 3. Over time, these diminish so we only distinguish when conditions change

Why is solution necessary for taste?

1. Gustation requires chemical ligands binding to ligand channels in the receptor membranes 2. This requires sensed chemicals to be dissolved in the ECF surrounding the receptors

What is the exact region of the nasal cavity receptive to smell stimuli?

The muscosal membranes of the uperior border of the nasal cavity

How can we distinguish two similar smells?

Taste requires memory, texture, temperature

# Name the cranial nerves that exit through the Superior Orbital Fissure

Oculomotor (III), Trochlear (IV), Opthalmic (V-1)

# Name the Cranial Nerves that exit from the Jugular foramen

Glossophrayngeal (IX); Vagus (X); Accessory (XI)