lab 2 separation of a mixture

Question 1

Define the term physical properties and give two examples.

Answer 1

Physical properties - those characteristics that can be observed without changing the chemical composition of the substance.

ex - color, shape

Question 2

Define the term chemical properties and give two examples.

Answer 2

Chemical properties- those characteristics that can only be observed by changing the chemical composition of a substance.

ex - flammability of gasoline (gasoline react w/ oxygen in the air), and reactivity of zinc w/ acids to form hydrogen gas.

Question 3

Define the term physical changes and give two examples.

Answer 3

Physical changes - do not cause a change in chemical composition, but only a change in appearance.

ex - when a solid changes to a liquid i.e., ice to water, mixing salt and water since no new compound has formed.

Question 4

Define the term chemical changes and give two examples.

Answer 4

Chemical changes - describe when a substance reacts and changes into another substance with a different chemical composition.

ex - baking soda and vinegar combining to create carbon dioxide, iron rusting.

Question 5

What compound is separated by a magnet in this experiment?

Answer 5

iron

Question 6

What compound is separated by extraction in this experiment?

Answer 6

salt

Question 7

What is the purpose of drying the remaining solid after extraction under a heat lamp?

Answer 7

to dry out the saltwater to find the mass of sand by itself

Question 8

According to the [law], all components in a mixture should always equal 100%.

Answer 8

law of conservation of matter

Question 9

Matter

Answer 9

has mass and occupies space

Question 10

atoms

Answer 10

fundamental building blocks of all matter

Question 11

molecules

Answer 11

made up of two or more atoms attached via chemical bonds

Question 12

pure substance

Answer 12

matter composed of only one type of atom or molecule

Question 13

mixtures

Answer 13

a compound made up of two or more chemical components that are not chemically linked.

Question 14

homogenous mixtures

Answer 14

mixtures that have a uniform composition

Question 15

heterogenous mixture

Answer 15

mixtures that do not have a uniform condition

Question 16

compound

Answer 16

two or more elements chemically bonded together

Question 17

element

Answer 17

cannot be broken down into simpler substances

Question 18

physical properties

Answer 18

characteristics that can be observed without changing the chemical composition of the substance

Question 19

chemical properties

Answer 19

characteristics that can only be observed by changing the chemical compositon of the substance

Question 20

extensive properties

Answer 20

characteristics that can only depend on the size of the sample

Question 21

intensive properties

Answer 21

characteristics that are observed independently of the size of the sample