Lab 3

Question 1

Cell

Answer 1

Unit of life that makes up all living organisms

Question 2

Prokaryotic cell

Answer 2

A single cell that doesn’t have a nucleus (usually bacteria)

Question 3

Eukaryotic cell

Answer 3

Usually multicellular and has nucleus (any organism that has clearly defined nucleus)

Question 4

Microscope

Answer 4

Equipment that allows us to see small structures

Question 5

Compound microscope

Answer 5

A microscope that has multiple magnifying lenses (like two sets of ocular lenses)

Question 6

Why should you never use the coarse focus when it’s not in 4X or 10X objective lens?

Answer 6

You could damage the lens or slides.

Question 7

What objective lens should you be in when using coarse focus?

Answer 7

Either 4X or 10X

Question 8

Which objective lens is the longest?

Answer 8

100X is the longest and has the smallest glass

Question 9

Which lens allows the most light to pass?

Answer 9

4X

Question 10

Which objective lens requires oil immersion?

Answer 10

100X requires oil immersion because it increases light

Question 11

How to calculate total magnification?

Answer 11

Multiply the ocular lens by the objective lens

Question 12

How does the size of field change with different objective lenses?

Answer 12

As magnification/objective lens increase, depth of field decreases

Question 13

Why are EMs used?

Answer 13

Electronic microscopes are used to give better resolution power to see smaller things that light microscopes are limited to

Question 14

What determines the theoretic resolution limit of a microscope?

Answer 14

The light source and wavelengths of the light determines the resolution limit of a microscope

Question 15

Advantages of using a light microsope

Answer 15

Affordable, easy to use, see in color, see living cells

Question 16

Disadvantages of using a light microscope

Answer 16

Resolution limit is determined by light

Question 17

Advantages of using an electronic microscope

Answer 17

You can see smaller things and is powerful

Question 18

Disadvantages of using an electronic microscope

Answer 18

Expensive and can’t see living things (it will die)

Question 19

Field of view

Answer 19

The area visible of a magnified sample that is visible through the ocular lens and the circle of light you see in the microscope

Question 20

Parfocal

Answer 20

Objectives that can be changed with minimal or no refocusing

Question 21

Working distance

Answer 21

The distance between the specimen and the objective lens

Question 22

Depth of field

Answer 22

The distance between the closest and furthest points that are in focus

Question 23

Brightness of field

Answer 23

The light-gathering power of the objective

Question 24

EM

Answer 24

Electron microscope

Question 25

TEM

Answer 25

Transmission Electron Microscope

Question 26

SEM

Answer 26

Scanning Electron Microscope

Question 27

Structures of TEM

Answer 27

Light source, Electron source, condenser lens, specimen, objective lens, objective lens aperture, intermediate lens, specimen, projector lens, fluorescent screen

Question 28

Structures of SEM

Answer 28

Electron source, anode, condenser lens, objective lens, back-scattered electron detector, sample, motorized stage , connects to amplifier and scan generator to computer

Question 29

Unicellular

Answer 29

An organism that is only a single cell

Question 30

Aggregate

Answer 30

Collection of units or particles (e.g., cells) forming a body or mass. To form such a body or mass

Question 31

Multicellular

Answer 31

An organism or part that consists of multiple cells

Question 32

Protist

Answer 32

Simple eukaryotic organisms that are neither plants, cells, or fungi.

Question 33

Cell wall

Answer 33

A rigid or flexible structure that surrounds some types of cells, providing support, shape, and protection

Question 34

Cell membrane

Answer 34

Protects the interior of the cell from the outside

Question 35

Nucleus

Answer 35

Usually spherical and transparent and holds the majority of the cell's genetic information

Question 36

Contractile vacuole

Answer 36

A membrane bound organelle that helps maintain water balance in cells that helps remove excess water

Question 37

ER

Answer 37

Endoplasmic Reticulum - a continuous membrane system that forms a series of flattened sacs within the cytoplasm

Question 38

Mitochondria

Answer 38

Membrane-bound cell organelles

Question 39

Chloroplast

Answer 39

The green (chlorophyll pigment), spherical organelles within the cytoplasm

Question 40

Cytoplasm

Answer 40

The jelly like liquid that fills the inside of a cell

Question 41

Central Vacuole

Answer 41

Membrane-bound sac within cytoplasm that is filled with water and dissolved substances

Question 42

Condenser lens

Answer 42

Used to focus the light through the sample

Question 43

What is an example of a protist?

Answer 43

An amoeba

Question 44

What does the mitochondria do?

Answer 44

Generates most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell