Lab 3 - The Brain: Locations/functions

Question 1

Dura mater

Answer 1

retains CSF; cushions and protects the brain

Question 2

Arachnoid layer:

Answer 2

middle membrane

Question 3

Pia mater

Answer 3

inner membrane

Question 4

Tentorum

Answer 4

extension of dura mater in between the cerebrum and cerebellum

Question 5

Falx cerebri

Answer 5

extension of dura mater between the cerebral hemispheres

Question 6

Cerebral hemispheres

Answer 6

higher thought, consciousness, memory

Question 7

Gyri and sulci

Answer 7

convolutions and indentations; serve to increase surface area

Question 8

Corpus callosum

Answer 8

communication between cerebral hemispheres

Question 9

Olfactory nerves, bulbs & tracts

Answer 9

sense of smell

Question 10

Piriform area

Answer 10

memory and olfaction pathways

Question 11

Optic nerves and chiasm

Answer 11

visual information; partial decussation of info

Question 12

Infundibulum and tuber cinerum

Answer 12

link between the pituitary and hypothalamus

Question 13

Hypophysis (pituitary):

Answer 13

secretion of hormones, fluid balance

Question 14

Mamillary bodies

Answer 14

spatial and recollective memory

Question 15

Lateral geniculate body

Answer 15

relay visual info from optic tract to visual cortex

Question 16

Medial geniculate body

Answer 16

hearing relay center

Question 17

Superior colliculi

Answer 17

visual signals; control of rapid directional movement of eyes and head

Question 18

Inferior colliculi

Answer 18

auditory pathway

Question 19

Trochlear nerve

Answer 19

4th cranial nerve; controls eye movement

Question 20

Oculomotor nerve

Answer 20

3rd cranial nerve: controls eye movement

Question 21

Ant. & post. Perforated substances

Answer 21

site of blood vessel entry through meninges

Question 22

Cerebellum

Answer 22

motor coordination; balance, fine motor control; proprioreception

Question 23

Vermis

Answer 23

medial cerebellum: muscle control of axial body

Question 24

Anterior peduncle

Answer 24

efferent pathways from cerebellum

Question 25

Middle peduncle

Answer 25

afferent pathways to cerebellum

Question 26

Posterior peduncle

Answer 26

afferent pathways to cerebellum; routed to vermis

Question 27

Pons

Answer 27

breathing centers; communication with cerebellum and other areas of brain

Question 28

Trapezoid body

Answer 28

region of crossover of tracts

Question 29

Trigeminal nerve

Answer 29

5th cranial nerve; chewing and facial sensations

Question 30

Abducens nerve

Answer 30

6 th cranial nerve; eye movement

Question 31

Medulla oblongata

Answer 31

visceral activities; breathing, cardiovascular control (HR and BP)

Question 32

Choroid plexus

Answer 32

CSF production

Question 33

Fourth ventricle

Answer 33

formed from outpocketing and folding of brain; contains CSF

Question 34

Dorsal med., int.& lateral sulci

Answer 34

outline the funiculi

Question 35

Funiculis gracilis & clava

Answer 35

tracts going to brain; muscle position; fine touch 2 point discrimination

Question 36

Funiculus cuneatus & tubercle

Answer 36

ascending tracts; muscle position, fine touch, 2 point descrimination

Question 37

Pyramids

Answer 37

transmission of motor signals

Question 38

Olive

Answer 38

relay center; hearing and balance

Question 39

Septum pellucidum

Answer 39

separates the lateral ventricles

Question 40

Fifth ventricle

Answer 40

filled with CSF

Question 41

Lateral ventricles

Answer 41

primary site of CSF production

Question 42

Fornix

Answer 42

links hippocampus with cerebral hemispheres

Question 43

Anterior commissure

Answer 43

decassation of olfaction and pain information

Question 44

Third ventricle

Answer 44

filled with CSF

Question 45

Thalamus

Answer 45

major relay center for sensory info to cerebral hemispheres

Question 46

Hypothalamus

Answer 46

thermostat, satiety and thirst centers; sex drive; endocrine control

Question 47

Pineal body

Answer 47

secretion of melatonin (circadian rhythms)

Question 48

Aqueduct of Sylvius

Answer 48

flow of CSF between 3rd and 4th ventricles

Question 49

Hippocampus

Answer 49

incoming sensory info to initiate behaviors; learning and memory

Question 50

Caudate nucleus

Answer 50

cognitive control of motor activity