lab 5 Flashcards by Melissa Dyke

Eukaryotes

eukaryotic cell type; Domain Eukarya

Fungi

Protozoans

Helminths

Algae

Some members of these groups are human pathogens.

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Types of fungi

Yeasts Molds Mushrooms

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Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) plate contents

Selective agar used for growing most molds and yeasts

high glucose (dextrose) conc. – preferred by fungi.

acidic environment (pH 5.6) - inhibits most bacteria.

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Yeast examples and characteristics

Examples: Candida albicans, Saccharomyces cervisiae

Yeast shapes vary; ovoid shaped are common

Note size, buds (aka blastospore) and bud scars

About 10x bigger than bacteria (e.g., cocci)

Buds form on parent cell

Parent cell is scarred at release site

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Typical Mold Colony

Vegetative Mycelium characteristic

Whitish edge growth reveals underlying vegetative mycelium

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Typical Mold Colony

Vegetative Mycelium reproductive structures

Darker area shows mold spores produced from underlying reproductive structures

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Typical Mold Colony

Vegetative Mycelium comprised of?

Comprised of interwoven hyphae - long branching filaments

appear fuzzy

Typically appears whitish

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Typical Mold Colony
Vegetative Mycelium
Fruiting Bodies (Reproductive structures)

Form at various locations along vegetative hyphae

Morphology of structures vary among species

Spores typically give the color (e.g., green, black)

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Septated Hyphae

Filaments contain porous septa.

Pore allows cell materials to move.

Cells may be multinucleated

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Non-Septated Hyphae

Lacks septa

multinucleated

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Conidiospores are often called conidia; occur?

occur in chains

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Asexual Mold Spores, 3 types

Aspergillus- condiospores

Penicillium - condiospores

Rhizopus - sporangiospores

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Potential health issues related to common household molds

Molds spores are very light and disseminate rapidly in the air.

Some people are sensitive to molds.

Symptoms can include nasal stuffiness, eye irritation, wheezing, or skin irritation

More severe reactions in some include fever and shortness of breath, and potential mold infections in their lungs.

Mold spores are much easier to kill than bacterial endospores

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Protozoans - eukaryotes

Protozoan diseases include

Trichomoniasis, Amoebiasis, PAM, Giardiasis, Toxoplasmosis

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Protozoans - eukaryotes

Protozoans include non-pathogens and pathogens

Non-pathogen  Euglena – using hanging drop technique

Pathogen  Trichmonas vaginalis – observe prepared slide

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Methods to Determine Motility

Flagella stain

SIM

Wet mount

Hanging drop slide (best method)

Typical Mold Asexual Reproductive Life cycle

Asexual spores
Spore germination
Initial growth of vegetative hyphae
Vegetative Mycelium development
Reproductive Structures (aka Fruiting Bodies  produce spores)

Compare and contrast Candida albicans vs Trichomonas vaginalis
Diseases caused?
Similarities?
Transmission?
Signs and symptoms?
Treatment?
Prevention?

Candida albicans:
Disease: Volvovaginitis (gram stain). Treatment: Nystatin, clotrimazole
Trichomonas vaginalis:
Disease: Tricomaniasis (wet prep). Treatment: metronidazole
Similarities: BOTH cause vainitis, can be spread sexualty, are eukarotic
Transmission: BOTH sexually transmitted
Signs/symptoms: BOTH itching, burning, and white discharge
Prevention: NO SEX!!