Lab 5: Dissection of the Fetal Pig, General Internal Anatomy

Question 1

Urogenital Opening

Answer 1

Orifice where urine exits the body.

In Females: located near the genital papilla (which only females have)

In Males: located posterior to umbilical cord

Question 2

Scrotal Sacs/Swellings

Answer 2

Male’s swellings beneath the skin. These pouches will develop into the scrotum and contain the testes.

Question 3

Periderm/Epitrichium

Answer 3

Thin, transparent outer layer of the epidermis that’s shed before birth by the development of hair beneath it

Question 4

Umbilical Cord

a.k.a., umbilicus

Answer 4

Attaches the fetus to the mother’s placenta for nutrient and metabolic waste exchange via the blood. The mother’s and the fetus’s blood never mix.

Question 5

Anus

Answer 5

Where solid waste exits the body.

The end of digestive tract/canal

Question 6

Thoracic Cavity

Answer 6

Contains the Heart and the Lungs

Question 7

Pericardium

Answer 7

Thin protective tissue sac surrounding the Heart

Question 8

Pleura

Answer 8

Thin protective tissue sac surrounding the Lung

Question 9

Diaphragm

Answer 9

Divides the thoracic and abdominal cavities.

Draws air into the lungs.

Question 10

Liver

Answer 10

Removes and stores excess nutrients from the blood, maintains blood sugar levels, detoxifies harmful materials, and produces bile.

Composed of 4 lobes.
Located under the diaphragm and above the stomach.

Question 11

Spleen

Answer 11

Produces lymphocytes ( white blood cell).
Stores and destroys erythrocytes (Red blood cells).
Stores a reservoir of blood.

Long, flat organ near the liver.

Question 12

Stomach

Answer 12

Acidic environment used for the storage and chemical digestion of food.

Located posterior to the liver.

Question 13

Abdominal Cavity

Answer 13

Holds bulk of viscera (internal organs), such as the stomach.

Located beneath the thoracic cavity.

Question 14

Small Intestine

Answer 14

Major site of chemical digestion. Processes carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

Cpmrised of the Duodenum, the Jejunum, and the Ilium

Question 15

Duodenum

Answer 15

Connects the stomach to the jejunum.
Chemical Digestion

The first potion of the small intestine.

Question 16

Jejunum

Answer 16

Main area of nutrient absorption in the small intestine.

Central section of the small intestine between the duodenum and the ilium.

Question 17

Ilium

Answer 17

Final section of the small intestine.

Absorbs B12 and bile salts.

Question 18

Pancreas

Answer 18

An exocrine and endocrine gland that produces enzymes to break down fats & proteins and secretes hormones to regulate blood sugar

Mass of light yellow tissue that injects enzymes into the duodenum.

Question 19

Gallbladder

Answer 19

Stores bile, a watery green fluid produced by the liver.

Bile breaks down fat.

Question 20

Bile Duct

Answer 20

Carries bile from the liver to the small intestine

Question 21

Large Intestine

Answer 21

Extracts water from feces and returns it to the body.

Question 22

Colon

Answer 22

Posterior portion of the large intestine.
Extracts water and water-soluble nutrients from feces and returns it to the body.
Stores feces

Question 23

Cardiac End

Answer 23

End of the stomach closest to the heart.

Question 24

Caecum

Answer 24

beginning of the large intestine.
Used to store food for microbial breakdown.
Sympleisomorphic character of human appendixes.

Question 25

Heart

Answer 25

Muscle that pumps blood through vessels by rhythmic contractions.

Question 26

Rectum

Answer 26

Stores feces

Question 27

Epididymus

Answer 27

Male organ. | Mass of coiled tubes that comprise and connect the testicles to the vas deferens, stores sperm.

Question 28

Inguinal Canal

Answer 28

Male Organ. | Passage into the abdomen that contains spermatic cord.

Question 29

Spermatic Cord

Answer 29

Male Organ. Comprised of the vas deferens and surrounding tissue. Bundles and protects blood vessels, nerves, and the vas deferens

Question 30

Pelvic Girdle

Answer 30

Area of the body enclosed by the pelvis. | Surrounds reproductive organs, and protects lower abdominal organs

Question 31

Urethra

Answer 31

Transports urine from the bladder to the urogenital opening. | Tube that connects the bladder to the outside of the body.

Question 32

Testis

Answer 32

Male organ. | Produces sperm and testosterone.

Question 33

Vas Deferens

Answer 33

Located inside the spermatic cord. | Carries sperm from epidiymis to urethra.

Question 34

Male Reproductive Tract

Answer 34

Sperm passes from the Testis >> Epipidymis >> Vas Deferens >> Spermatic Cord >> Inguinal Canal >> Urethra

Question 35

Ovaries

Answer 35

Female Organ. Resemble small white beans. Produces eggs. Produces estrogen, progesterone, and other hormones.

Question 36

Oviduct/Fallopian Tubes

Answer 36

Female Organ. Connects ovaries to the uterus. Egg transport.

Question 37

Vagina

Answer 37

Female Organ. | Leads from the uterus to the exterior of the body.

Question 38

Urogenital Orifice

Answer 38

Female organ. | Where urine exits the body.

Question 39

Uterus

Answer 39

Female Organ. Reproductive organ that opens to the cervix and fallopian tubes. Accepts a fertilized egg.

Question 40

Bulbourethral Cowper's Gland

Answer 40

Male Organ. White, hard. Contributes secretions to semen.

Question 41

Urogenital Sinus

Answer 41

Female Organ. | Part of the excretory system where urine is stored before it exits the body.

Question 42

Uterine Horns

Answer 42

Female Organ; Pigs only. Points where the uterus and fallopian tubes meet. Site of pig fetal development.

Question 43

Bladder

Answer 43

Stores and collects urine produced by the kidneys.

Question 44

Kidney

Answer 44

Maintain homeostatic balance of body fluids. Filters blood to remove waste. Regulates blood pressure. Bean-shaped.

Question 45

Ureter

Answer 45

Ducts from kidneys to the bladder. Urine transport. White tubes

Question 46

Urethra

Answer 46

Tube that connects bladder to outside the body. | Urine transport.

Question 47

Pathway of Egg in Female PIG Body

Answer 47

Ovaries >> Fallopian Tube >> Uterine Horn >> Uterus >> Vagina (birth)

Question 48

Pathway of Urine

Answer 48

Kidney >> Ureter >> Bladder >> Urethra

Question 49

Thymus

Answer 49

Produces T cells. Part of immune system. Long gland

Question 50

Thyroid

Answer 50

Endocrine gland that controls metabolism, hormonal sensitivity, and calcium regulation

Question 51

Trachea

Answer 51

Airway for oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange from body to environment.

Question 52

Larynx

Answer 52

Voice box; generates sound

Question 53

Parotid Gland

Answer 53

Largest salivary gland. | Secretes Saliva, begins carbohydrate digestion.

Question 54

Sublingual Gland

Answer 54

Secretes Saliva, begins carbohydrate digestion.

Question 55

Submaxillary Gland

Answer 55

Secretes Saliva, begins carbohydrate digestion.

Question 56

Buccal Cavity

Answer 56

Mouth, used to intake food.

Question 57

Epiglottis

Answer 57

Entrance to the glottis. | Prevents food from entering the larynx when swallowing.

Question 58

Esophagus

Answer 58

Muscular tube that carries food to stomach.

Question 59

External Nares

Answer 59

Opening to outside of the snout for oxygen exchange.

Question 60

Glottis

Answer 60

Space between the vocal cords used in producing sound.

Question 61

Larynx

Answer 61

Voice box. | Sound production.

Question 62

Nasopharynx

Answer 62

Open cavities in the nose

Question 63

Nostrils

Answer 63

Opening for the oxygen and carbon dioxide to pass through.

Question 64

Pharynx

Answer 64

Passageway for air and food.

Question 65

Soft Palate

Answer 65

Boneless tissue on the roof of the mouth.