Lab 5 - Palate, Oral Cavity, Larynx Flashcards

Question

Which structure is labeled by #4? What is its action?

Answer 1

Posterior cricoarytenoid Abducts (opens) the vocal cords

Answer 2

Inferior pharyngeal constrictor (Can tell because it attaches to the thyroid and cricothyroid cartilages)

Answer 3

Posterior cricoarytenoid

Answer 4

Inferior horn of the thyroid cartilage

Answer 5

Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle Adducts vocal cords -\> shortening and relaxation -\> higher pitch

Answer 6

Lingual artery Branch of external carotid

Answer 7

Recurrent laryngeal nerve Visceral sensory to the larynx below the vocal cords

Answer 8

Hyoid bone

Answer 9

Pterygoid process | (Medial and lateral pterygoid plates)

Answer 10

Ventricle The space between the vestibular/false vocal fold (#2) and the vocal/true vocal fold (#3)

Answer 11

Cricoid cartilage

Answer 12

Lingual nerve | (Branch of mandibular nerve, CN V₃)

Answer 13

Aryepiglottic fold

Answer 14

Submandibular duct

Answer 15

Muscular process of arytenoid cartilage The attachment points for the lateral and posterior cricoarytenoid muscles

Answer 16

Lesser horn of the hyoid bone

Answer 17

Lesser horn of the hyoid

Answer 18

Middle thyroid vein

Answer 19

Anterior lingual gland

Answer 20

Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) * As far as the tonuge goes, CN IX will provide taste to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue * Deep and lateral to the styloglossus muscle (#3 in this image)

Answer 21

Palatopharyngeal arch Overlies the palatopharyngeal muscle

Answer 22

Cricoid cartilage

Answer 23

Transverse arytenoid Abducts (closes) the vocal cords - not active during whisper

Answer 24

Palatopharyngeal fold ovlerlying the palatopharyngeal muscle Note - the palatoglossal pharyngeal fold/musle is anterior (#1)

Answer 25

Lingual nerve Spirals under the submandibular duct The hypoglossal nerve enters the tongue deeper and more posteriorly to innervate the tongue muscles

Answer 26

Thyroarytenoid muscle Shortens and adducts the vocal folds

Answer 27

Thyrohyoid muscle

Answer 28

Laryngeal prominence of the thyroid cartilage

Answer 29

Palatine tonsil

Answer 30

Thyroid cartilage

Answer 31

Piriform recess (Food might get stuck here - it is an artifact of the convexity of the cricoid cartilage)

Answer 32

Superior laryngeal artery and vein

Answer 33

Thyroarytenoid muscle (Pulls the thyroid cartilage back and up to put slack in the vocal cords and lower the pitch of the voice)

Answer 34

Hyoid bone

Answer 35

Hyoid bone

Answer 36

Superior horn of thyroid cartilage

Answer 37

Submandibular ganglion * Lingual nerve - branch of CN V₃, labeled #2 here * Corda tympani - branch of CN VII * Taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue, parasympathetics * Sympathetic branches

Answer 38

Internal laryngeal nerve, superior laryngeal artery, and vein The internal laryngeal nerve is the branch of the superior laryngeal nerve that provides visceral sensory information to the larynx above the vocal cords

Answer 39

Superior laryngeal nerve (external branch) Motor to the cricothyroid muscle -\> higher pitches in phonation

Answer 40

Epiglottis

Answer 41

Cricoid cartilage The only cartilage ring that completely encircles the trachea

Answer 42

Epiglottis

Answer 43

Mylohyoid muscle

Answer 44

Lingual nerve (from CN V₃) * Recall that parasympathetic and special sensory neurons from CN VII (via corda tympani), and sympathetics, follow the lingual nerve to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue * Note that the lingual nerve is lateral and superficial to the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX, labeled #4 here)

Answer 45

Vocal fold | (True vocal fold)

Answer 46

Superior laryngeal nerve, internal brance Has already entered throught the thyrhyoid membrane

Answer 47

Cricothyroid muscle Lengthens and alters tension in vocal cords -\> deeper pitches Note: the only intrinsic laryngeal muscle innervated by the external laryngeal nerve (from superior laryngeal nerve) All others are innervated by the reccurent (inferior) laryngeal nerve

Answer 48

Opening of the eustachian tube

Answer 49

Cricothyroid membrane | (Site of the high emergency airway)

Answer 50

Incisive foramen

Answer 51

Genioglossus muscle (The only one that protrudes the tongue!)

Answer 52

Lingual artery Branch of external carotid

Answer 53

Palatine tonsil | (The "classic" tonsil)

Answer 54

Sublingual papilla Opening of the duct of the submandibular salivary gland

Answer 55

Aryepiglottic fold

Answer 56

Epiglottis

Answer 57

Inferior alveolar nerve | (Branch of mandibular nerve, CN V₃)

Answer 58

Epiglottic cartilage

Answer 59

Greater horn of the hyoid bone

Answer 60

Oblique arytenoid

Answer 61

Submandibular duct Carries secretions from the submandibular salivary gland to the sublingual papilla, where they are excreted

Answer 62

Corniculate cartilage

Answer 63

Filiform papillae * Keratinized layer of tongue epithelium, give the tonuge its texture * **No tastebuds**

Answer 64

Eustachian tube | (Also #6)

Answer 65

Hyoid bone

Answer 66

Superior meatus Drains the posterior ethmoid air cells

Answer 67

Vallate papilla Yes! Has tastebuds

Answer 68

Lingual vein Drains into internal jugular

Answer 69

Tensor palati | (Aka tensor palatini)

Answer 70

Lesser palatine nerve and artery (Extend posteriorly, vs. greater palatine nerve and artery which extend anteriorly)

Answer 71

Styloglossus Retracts the tongue

Answer 72

Geniohyoid muscle Inferior to genioglossus (#11)

Answer 73

Thyrohyoid ligament (pretty sure ligament and membrane are kind of interchangeable? maybe the ligament is midline?)

Answer 74

Transverse and oblique cricoarytenoid muscles (Adduct/close the vocal cords)

Answer 75

Inferior horn of thyroid cartilage

Answer 76

Vocalis muscle | (The upper part of the thyroarytenoid)

Answer 77

Palatoglossal fold - overlies the palatoglossus muscles Note - the palatopharyngeal fold and msucle (#7) is posterior to the palatoglossal fold/muscle

Answer 78

Vestibular fold | (aka false vocal fold)

Answer 79

Cricothyroid muscle (Pulls the thyroid cartilage down and forward to stretch the vocal cords and raise the pitch of the voice)

Answer 80

Palatoglossal arch | (Overlies teh palatoglossal muscle)

Answer 81

Thyrohyoid membrane

Answer 82

Sublingual duct

Answer 83

Internal jugular vein

Answer 84

Thyrohyoid ligament

Answer 85

* Filiform (#1) * No tastebuds * Part of the keratinized epithelium of the tongue * Vallate (#2) * Has tastebuds * Largest * Fungiform (#3) * Has tastebuds * Mushroom-shaped

Answer 86

Internal laryngeal nerve Visceral sensory to the larynx above the vocal cords | (Branch of the superior laryngeal nerve, which is a branch of the vagus nerve CN X)

Answer 87

Greater horn of the hyoid bone

Answer 88

Stylohyoid muscle

Answer 89

Internal carotid artery | (Also #7)

Answer 90

Sublingual fold | (aka Plica sublingualis)

Answer 91

Pharyngeal tonsil | (aka adenoid)

Answer 92

Cricoid cartilage

Answer 93

Superior larygneal vein and artery

Answer 94

Cricothyroid (Hard to tell bc its cut, but remember that it is superficial to the posterior and lateral cricoarytenoids)

Answer 95

Genioglossus Note - the only muscle that protrudes the tongue!

Answer 96

Cricothyroid Pulls the thyroid cartilage forward and down - stretches the vocal cords -\> higher pitch

Answer 97

Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle | (Abducts vocal cords)

Answer 98

Arytenoid cartilage

Answer 99

Lingual tonsil

Answer 100

Hyoglossus muscle

Answer 101

Frenulum of the tongue

Answer 102

Epiglottis

Answer 103

Incisive foramen (Transmits the nasopalatine nerve and artery into the oral cavity)

Answer 104

Ary-epiglottic muscle

Answer 105

Sulcus terminalis This is the posterior boundary of the oral cavity | (Aka terminal suclcus)

Answer 106

Hyoid bone

Answer 107

Greater palatine foramen Transmits the greater palatine nerve and artery

Answer 108

Lateral cricoarytenoid

Answer 109

Thyroid cartilage

Answer 110

Larygopharynx (Becomes the esophagus inferior to the cricoid cartilage)

Answer 111

Lesser palatine foramen Transmits the lesser palatine nerve and artery

Answer 112

Stylomandibular ligament

Answer 113

Cricothyroid ligament | (Median, the membrane surrounds)

Answer 114

Thyroarytenoid

Answer 115

Thyroid cartilage

Answer 116

Thyroepiglottic muscle Pulls the epiglottis anteriorly to help open the larynx (Opposes the aryepiglottic muscle)

Answer 117

Transverse arytenoid

Answer 118

Inferior thyroid artery

Answer 119

Tracheal cartilage

Answer 120

Fungiform papilla Yes! Has tastebuds

Answer 121

Superior laryngeal nerve, internal branch

Answer 122

Nasopalatine nerve

Answer 123

Submandibular gland

Answer 124

Vocal fold (aka true vocal fold)

Answer 125

Superior horn of thyroid cartilage

Answer 126

Foramen cecum Remnant of the thyroglossal duct, from which the thyroid gland formed

Answer 127

Median palatine suture

Answer 128

Thyrohyoid membrane

Answer 129

Pharyngeal tonsil | (Aka the adenoid)

Answer 130

C - mylohyoid

Answer 131

Laryngopharynx * Laryngopharynx is just above and continuous with the esophagus * It surrounds the back of the larynx

Answer 132

Posterior cricoarytenoid

Lab 5 - Palate, Oral Cavity, Larynx Flashcards

(158 cards)