Lab 5 (Seedless vascular plants)

Question 1

What are the phyla of seedless vascular plants?

Answer 1

Pterophyta (ferns)

Lycophyta (club mosses)

Question 2

What are the divisions of Pterophyta?

Answer 2

True ferns: Athyrium
Whisk ferns: Psilotum
Horsetails: Equisetum

Question 3

What are the divisions of Lycophyta?

Answer 3

Club mosses: Diphasiastrum
Spike mosses: Selaginella
Quillworts: Isoetes

Question 4

Sporophyte or gametophyte dominant?

Answer 4

sporophyte is the larger and more dominant generation

Question 5

What are the two types of vascular tissue?

Answer 5

xylem: moves H2O and absorbed nutrition from roots to shoots

Phloem: moves food produced by photosynthesis btwn leaves and shoots as well as leaves to roots

Question 6

sporophyll

Answer 6

leaf-like structures of sporophyte generation that bear SPORES (2n)

Question 7

megaphylls

Answer 7

large leaf-like structures with many veins that bear spores (2n)

Question 8

microphylls

Answer 8

small leaf-like structures with one vein that bear spores (2n)

Question 9

sporangium

Answer 9

location on sporophyll where spores are produced by meiosis

Question 10

rhizomes

Answer 10

underground stems of ferns where sporophytes grow indefinitely (eg. fronds)

Question 11

What is an advantage to the frond?

Answer 11

increases the surface area for photosynthesis and produce haploid spores

Question 12

What are the parts of the frond?

Answer 12

rhizome: root-like area where it sprouted from
stalk: stem
blade: section with leaves
pinna: single leaf

Question 13

sori

Answer 13

groups of sporangia forming on the underside of fern fronds

Question 14

protenema

Answer 14

threadlike structure formed from germinating fern spores

Question 15

prothallium

Answer 15

formed from protenema from subsequent divisions (<3 shaped)

Question 16

fiddlehead

Answer 16

coiled position of fronds of a growing sporophyte that break thru the soil

Question 17

homosporus

Answer 17

one spore > one gametophyte

produce both antheridia and archegonia

Question 18

heterosporus

Answer 18

two spores > megaspores and microspores

Question 19

Most terrestrial ferns are __sporous, while most aquatic ferns are __sporus

Answer 19

homosporus; heterosporus

Question 20

megaspores

Answer 20

forms gametophyte with only archegonia

Question 21

microspores

Answer 21

forms gametophyte with only antheridia

Question 22

sporangiophores

Answer 22

umbrella-like branches wheres porangia form within a strobilus

Question 23

strobilus

Answer 23

cones formed on the tip of branches, contain sporangia

Question 24

rhizophores

Answer 24

leafless branch arising fro ma fork in the stem and growing downward, prodcuing roots at tip when entering spore

found in Isoetes

Question 25

What are some innovations seen in vascular seedless plants that were not seen in the nonvascular seedless plants?

Answer 25

``` leaves/leaf-like fronds increase in size lateral growth rootlike structures (for transport) fiddleheads (protection as it grows) sporangium and indusium - enclosed structures for spores ```