Lab 7

Question 1

Porifera

Answer 1

Sponges

i. Class: Calcarea (calcareous sponges)
ii. Class: Hexactinellida (glass sponges)
iii. Class: Demospongia (e.g. bath sponges)

Question 2

Cnidaria

Answer 2

i. Class: Hydrozoa (hydras)
1. Genus: Hydra
ii. Class: Scyphozoa (jellyfish)
1. Genus: Aurelia
iii. Class: Anthozoa (sea anemones, corals)
1. Genus: Metridium

Question 3

Platyhelminthes

Answer 3

Flatworms

i. Class: Turbellaria (free-living flatworms)
1. Genus: Dugesia or Planaria
ii. Class: Trematoda (flukes)
iii. Class: Cestoda (tapeworms)

Question 4

Annelida

Answer 4

Segmented worms

i. Class: Polychaeta
ii. Class: Oligochaeta (e.g. earthworms)
1. Genus: Lumbricus
iii. Class: Hirudinea (e.g. leeches)
1. Genus: Hirudinea

Question 5

Mollusca

Answer 5

Molluscs

i. Class: Polyplacophora (chitons)
ii. Class: Bivalvia (bivalves – e.g. clams)
iii. Class: Gastropoda (e.g. snails & slugs)
iv. Class: Cephalopoda (e.g. squids & octopi)
1. Genus: Loligo

Question 6

Superphylum

Answer 6

Lophotrochozoa

Question 7

Acoelomate

Answer 7

having no body cavity

Question 8

Anterior

Answer 8

near or towards the head end

Question 9

Asymmetry

Answer 9

no plane of symmetry (e.g. sponges)

Question 10

Atrium

Answer 10

the internal cavity of a sponge

Question 11

Bilateral Symmetry

Answer 11

one plane of symmetry (2 equal halves)

Question 12

Bilateria

Answer 12

animals with a head and bilateral symmetry (also have 3 germ layers)

Question 13

Calcareous

Answer 13

made of calcium carbonate

Question 14

Cephalisation

Answer 14

having a head; in Bilateria

Question 15

Choanocytes

Answer 15

flagellated cells found in sponges

Question 16

Cnidocytes

Answer 16

stinging cells in Cnidaria

Question 17

Coelom

Answer 17

fluid-filled body cavity

Question 18

Coleomate

Answer 18

having a coelom fully lined in mesoderm

Question 19

Diploblastic

Answer 19

two germ layers (ectoderm and endoderm)

Question 20

Distal

Answer 20

far from a point of reference

Question 21

Dorsal

Answer 21

near or towards the back

Question 22

Ectoderm

Answer 22

the outer germ layer formed during embryogenesis

Question 23

Endoderm

Answer 23

the inner germ layer formed during embryogenesis

Question 24

Gastrodermis

Answer 24

the inner layer of a Cnidarian (derived from endoderm)

Question 25

Gastrovascular Cavity

Answer 25

sac-like cavity in Cnidaria

Question 26

Germ Layer

Answer 26

cell types in early embryonic development that eventually differentiate

Question 27

Lateral

Answer 27

near or towards the left/right side

Question 28

Median

Answer 28

near or towards the middle

Question 29

Medusa

Answer 29

motile form of Cnidaria

Question 30

Mesoderm

Answer 30

the middle germ layer formed during embryogenesis

Question 31

Mesoglea

Answer 31

jelly-like substance found between endoderm and ectoderm in diploblasts

Question 32

Nematocysts

Answer 32

barbed structure in cnidocytes

Question 33

Nerve Net

Answer 33

network of nerve cells in Cnidaria

Question 34

Osculum

Answer 34

opening to the atrium of a sponge

Question 35

Pectoral

Answer 35

chest/shoulder region

Question 36

Pedal Disc

Answer 36

the aboral (bottom) end of an Anthozoan

Question 37

Pelvic

Answer 37

relating to the hip region

Question 38

Polyp

Answer 38

sessile form of Cnidaria

Question 39

Posterior

Answer 39

near or towards the hind end

Question 40

Proximal

Answer 40

near to a point of reference

Question 41

Psuedocoelomate

Answer 41

having a body cavity that lies between mesoderm and endoderm

Question 42

Radial Symmetry

Answer 42

many planes of symmetry; symmetry around a central axis

Question 43

Septa

Answer 43

vertical partitions in the gastrovascular cavity of an Anthozoan

Question 44

Sessile

Answer 44

stays anchored to the substrate

Question 45

Siliceous

Answer 45

made of silica

Question 46

Spicules

Answer 46

small skeletal structures in sponges. Often Y - shaped.

Question 47

Spongin

Answer 47

a collagen protein found in sponges

Question 48

Triploblastic

Answer 48

three germ layers (ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm)

Question 49

Ventral

Answer 49

near or towards the belly