Lab 7

Question 1

What are the three vegetative structures of angiosperms

Answer 1

roots, stems, leaves

Question 2

Contains the shoot apical meristem

Answer 2

terminal bud

Question 3

Causes the shoot system to lengthen in the form of primary growth

Answer 3

shoot apical meristem

Question 4

Continual growth, like that of plants is called

Answer 4

indeterminate

Question 5

Humans growth is termed ___ because we have an approximate predetermined adult size

Answer 5

Determinate

Question 6

\The space between the stem and the upper side of a leaf petiole

Answer 6

axil

Question 7

The axil space always contains the ___

Answer 7

axillary bud

Question 8

If you see what you think is a leaf but it has no axillary bud then it is actually a

Answer 8

leaflet

Question 9

The location of the attachment of a leaf and its axillary bud to the stem

Answer 9

Node

Question 10

The stem segment between nodes

Answer 10

internode

Question 11

Root system with one main root and small lateral roots

Answer 11

tap root system

Question 12

Root system that has many roots of similar size as found in grasses

Answer 12

fibrous root system

Question 13

Branches of a root are called

Answer 13

lateral roots

Question 14

Roots also have __ that increase surface area and thus aid in absorption

Answer 14

root hairs

Question 15

The most distal region of a root where new cells are being produced

Answer 15

region of cell division

Question 16

New root cells are produced by the

Answer 16

root apical meristem

Question 17

A group of undifferentiated , somewhat spherical cells located internally in the root

Answer 17

root apical meristem

Question 18

Protects the root apical meristem, perceives gravity,and secretes a gel that helps lubricate the root as it grows through soil

Answer 18

root cap

Question 19

The region of the root where cells elongate

Answer 19

Region of elongation

Question 20

Region where root cells differentiate and take on heir mature functions

Answer 20

regions of maturation

Question 21

Have xylem in the center, arranged as a few spokes, with phloem between the spokes.

Answer 21

Eudicot roots

Question 22

The outer ring of the solid vascular eudicot root core is called the ___ these cells are meristematic and produce lateral roots

Answer 22

Pericycle

Question 23

Lateral root hair formation is ___ (coming from within)

Answer 23

endogenous

Question 24

Root hair formation is ___ (coming from the surface)

Answer 24

exogenous

Question 25

The ring of cells immediately outside the pericycle is the

Answer 25

endodermis

Question 26

The multilayered zone of cells to the outside is the

Answer 26

cortex

Question 27

The cortex is made of ____ cells that are unspecialized and make up most of the plant body and store starch

Answer 27

Parenchyma

Question 28

The outermost layer of the root

Answer 28

epidermis

Question 29

Have hallow cylinder bundles with xylem and phloem. Pith in the center and cortex to the outside primarily composed of parenchyma cells

Answer 29

monocot roots

Question 30

A young stem of a woody plant

Answer 30

Twig

Question 31

The majority of angiosperm trees are ____ they loose their leaves at the end of a growing season

Answer 31

deciduous

Question 32

When leaves of deciduous trees fall during autumn they leave a ____ just below the axillary bud

Answer 32

leaf scar

Question 33

Cover and protect the shoot apical meristem but fall of when growth begins and thus leave a scar

Answer 33

terminal bud scar

Question 34

Most twigs have small markings on them called ___ which are loose places in the bark through which gases can diffuse

Answer 34

lenticels 1

Question 35

Leaf arrangement is also called

Answer 35

phyllotaxis

Question 36

Two leaves are attached at each node (Maple)

Answer 36

Opposite

Question 37

One leaf is attached at each node, in a spiral or other arrangement on the stem (Roses and Oaks)

Answer 37

Alternate

Question 38

More than two leaves are attached at each node. Less common. (Tiger lillies, horsetails)

Answer 38

Whorled

Question 39

Several leaves are attached at the base of a stem. (Dandelion)

Answer 39

Basal Rosette

Question 40

A leaf is made of a flat expanded portion called the ___ and a stalk called the ____

Answer 40

blade | petiole

Question 41

Some leaves have two smaller flat green structures attached near their base

Answer 41

stipules

Question 42

IF the leaf has only one blade it is

Answer 42

simple

Question 43

IF the leaf is divided into separate blades the parts are called ___ and the leaf is ___

Answer 43

leaflets | compound

Question 44

The single blade has arms

Answer 44

Simple lobed

Question 45

Leaves have more than one blade

Answer 45

Compound

Question 46

The leaflets are arranged like a feather

Answer 46

Pinnately compound

Question 47

All leaflets are attached at the same point

Answer 47

Palmately compound

Question 48

There are three leaflets

Answer 48

Trifoliate

Question 49

Leaflets are divided into sub leaflets

Answer 49

Bipinnately compound

Question 50

The main veins of he leaf are parallel (monocots)

Answer 50

Parallel

Question 51

Secondary veins branch from a primary vein (eudicots)

Answer 51

Pinnate

Question 52

All main veins arise a the base of the blade; his pattern is found in some Eudicots

Answer 52

palmate

Question 53

Veins repetitively branch into two parts; this arrangement is unusual

Answer 53

Dichotomous

Question 54

Contain a cylinder of vascular bundles, containing xylem to the inside and phloem to the outside. Cells toward the center from this cylinder are called pith. Pith and cortex are both made of parenchyma cells. Cells to the outside are called cortex. The outermost ring of cells is the epidermis

Answer 54

Eudicot stem

Question 55

In woody plants the ___ will divide producing secondary xylem to the inside and secondary phloem to the outside

Answer 55

vascular cambium

Question 56

Scattered vascular bundles each with xylem ad phloem. The vascular bundles are usually surrounded by fibers that help support the stem

Answer 56

Monocot stem

Question 57

The thickening of stems and roots that occurs in some plant species

Answer 57

secondary growth

Question 58

In secondary growth the ___ produces secondary xylem (wood) to the inside and secondary phloem to the outside

Answer 58

vascular cambium

Question 59

Plants that produe no secondary tissue are called

Answer 59

herbaceous

Question 60

Plants that produce secondary tissue are called

Answer 60

woody

Question 61

A woody plant with one trunk is a

Answer 61

tree

Question 62

A woody plant with several stems is a

Answer 62

shrub

Question 63

All tissues outside the vascular cambium. Arises on woody plants, is a complex structure consisting of few to several layers

Answer 63

bark

Question 64

A cylinder of meristematic cells producing cells to the inside and outside

Answer 64

cork cambium

Question 65

The cork cambium and its derivatives outward are called the

Answer 65

periderm

Question 66

The cells produced to the outside of the cork cambium are called

Answer 66

cork cells

Question 67

Modified leaves or parts of leaves

Answer 67

Spines

Question 68

Have modified leaves that can capture insects

Answer 68

Carnivorous plants

Question 69

Modified leaves under an inflorescence, look like petals

Answer 69

Bracts

Question 70

Modified branches

Answer 70

Thorns

Question 71

Modified leaves or stems (grape ____)

Answer 71

Tendrils

Question 72

``` Opposite leaf arrangement Simple lobed Palmate Lenticels on young branches Samara fruits ```

Answer 72

Maple

Question 73

Opposite leaf arrangement Upward curling branches chunky square bark pieces Little red berries are drupes

Answer 73

Dogwood

Question 74

Alternate leaf arrangement Simple lobed Starburst leaves Fruit is a capsule (small spiky ball)

Answer 74

Sweetgum

Question 75

Alternate leaf arrangement Simple lobed Fuzzy bud covers

Answer 75

Magnolia

Question 76

Alternate leaf arrangement Simple lobed Fruit is a nut Used for food and lumber

Answer 76

Oak

Question 77

Opposite leaf arrangement Pinnately compound Bark is in thick vertical ridges Samara fruits (wind dispersal)

Answer 77

Ash

Question 78

``` Native to Boise Simple Alternate leaf arrangement ASA is derived from this tree Found along rivers Nesting site for birds ```

Answer 78

Willow (salix)

Question 79

Alternate leaf arrangement Simple FOund along rivers and streams Rot in the center creating hollow nesting sites Dioecious, the females produce the white fluffy stuff in spring

Answer 79

Cottonwood (Populus)

Question 80

Pinnately compound Spiny stipules Fruit is a legume

Answer 80

Black locust