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BIO168 > Lab Exam 1 > Flashcards

Lab Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

axial

A

central part of body

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2
Q

cephalic

A

head

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3
Q

cranial

A

brain

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4
Q

facial

A

face

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5
Q

frontal

A

forehead

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6
Q

orbital

A

eye

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7
Q

otic

A

ear

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8
Q

nasal

A

nose

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9
Q

buccal

A

cheek

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10
Q

oral

A

mouth

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11
Q

mental

A

chin

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12
Q

occipital

A

back of head

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13
Q

cervical

A

neck

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14
Q

thoracic

A

chest

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15
Q

sternal

A

breast bone

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16
Q

pectoral

A

chest

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17
Q

mammary

A

breast

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18
Q

abdominal

A

abdomen

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19
Q

umbilical

A

navel

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20
Q

coxal

A

hip

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21
Q

pelvic

A

pelvis

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22
Q

dorsal

A

back

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23
Q

scapular

A

shoulder blade

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24
Q

vertebral

A

spinal column

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25
Q

lumbar

A

lower back

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26
Q

appendicular

A

extremities or limbs

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27
Q

acromial

A

highest point of shoulder

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28
Q

axillary

A

armpit

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29
Q

brachial

A

arm

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30
Q

antecubital

A

anterior part of elbow

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31
Q

olecranal

A

posterior part of elbow

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32
Q

antebrachial

A

forearm

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33
Q

carpal

A

wrist

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34
Q

manual

A

hand

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35
Q

palmar

A

palm of hand

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36
Q

digital

A

fingers or toes

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37
Q

inguinal

A

groin

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38
Q

gluteal

A

buttocks

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39
Q

femoral

A

thigh

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40
Q

patellar

A

anterior part of knee

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41
Q

popliteal

A

posterior part of knee

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42
Q

curual

A

anterior surface of leg

43
Q

fibular

A

lateral side of leg

44
Q

sural

A

posterior surface of leg

45
Q

tarsal

A

ankle

46
Q

pedal

A

foot

47
Q

plantar

A

sole of foot

48
Q

calcaneal

A

heel

49
Q

superior

A

above

50
Q

inferior

A

below

51
Q

anterior/ventral

A

closer to front of body

52
Q

posterior/dorsal

A

closer to back of body

53
Q

medial

A

closer to midline

54
Q

lateral

A

further from midline

55
Q

intermediate

A

between 2 structures

56
Q

ipsilateral

A

same side of body

57
Q

contralateral

A

opposite of body

58
Q

proximal

A

closer to trunk

59
Q

distal

A

further from trunk

60
Q

superficial

A

closer to surface

61
Q

deep

A

further from surface

62
Q

frontal plane

A

splits into anterior and posterior sections, vertically

63
Q

oblique plane

A

cuts body at an angle

64
Q

transverse plane

A

splits body into superior and inferior sections, horizontally

65
Q

sagittal plane

A

divides body into unequal right and left planes

66
Q

midsagittal plane

A

divides body into equal right and left planes

67
Q

longitudinal plane

A

along the long axis of a long, narrow structure

68
Q

cross-sections

A

perpendicular to the long axis of a long, narrow structure

69
Q

how to calculate magnification

A

objective lens power * ocular lens power

70
Q

base of microscope

A

wide bottom part that supports the microscope

71
Q

arm of microscope

A

the straight or curved vertical part that connects the base to the head

72
Q

head of microscope

A

upper part of microscope that extends from the arm and contains the ocular lens and rotating nose piece with objective lenses

73
Q

what does the plasma membrane do?

A

controls movement of substances into and out of the cell

74
Q

what are microvilli?

A

folds of the plasma membrane that increases the surface area of the cell to increase absorption or secretion

75
Q

what is contained in the nucleus?

A

contains DNA molecules and nucleolus

76
Q

what occurs in the nucleolus?

A

assembly of ribosomes

77
Q

what are chromatin?

A

long thin strands within nucleus, each strand composed of one DNA molecule and associated proteins

78
Q

what is the cytoplasm?

A

area of the cell in between the plasma membrane and nucleus which includes the cytosol and organelles

79
Q

what is the cytosol?

A

fluid portion of cytoplasm in which many of the cell’s chemical reactions occur

80
Q

what does the mitochondria make? through what process?

A

makes ATP via aerobic cellular respiration

81
Q

what takes place at ribosomes? synthesis of…

A

site of protein synthesis

82
Q

what is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)?

A

synthesizes proteins

83
Q

what is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)?

A

synthesizes fatty acids and steriods

84
Q

what is the nickname of the golgi complex? what are its functions?

A

receives, modifies, and transports proteins
“post office of the cell”

85
Q

what is the function of secretory vesicles?

A

secretes substances outside of the cell via exocytosis

86
Q

what is the function of lysosomes?

A

enzymes digest and recycle worn out organelles

87
Q

what is the function of peroxisomes?

A

produce hydrogen peroxide, detoxify harmful substances

88
Q

what is the function of the cytoskeleton?

A

maintain cell shape

89
Q

what role do centrosomes/centrioles in mitosis?

A

form mitotic spindle

90
Q

what are cilia?

A

shorter hair-like cell projections

91
Q

what are flagella?

A

longer cell projections

92
Q

a cell spends most of its time in its cell cycle in…

A

interphase

93
Q

period in between cell divisions

A

interphase

94
Q

phase of the cell cycle where the nucleolus and nuclear membrane disappear, chromatin condenses into chromosomes

A

prophase

95
Q

phase of the cell cycle where spindle fibers form

A

prophase

96
Q

phase of the cell cycle where chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

A

metaphase

97
Q

phase of the cell cycle where chromatids of chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles

A

anaphase

98
Q

phase of cell cycle where cell reverses prophase activity

A

telophase

99
Q

phase of cell cycle where clevage furrow forms and the cytoplasm divides into two genetically identical daughter cells

A

cytokinesis

100
Q

part of interphase where the cell is metabolically active and begins to replicate its centrosomes

A

G1

101
Q

part of interphase where DNA is replicated

A

S phase

102
Q

part of interphase where cell growth continues and centrosome replication is completed

A

G2

103
Q
A

BIO168 (1 decks)

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