Lab Exam 1

Question 1

Hardy Weinberg equilibrium rules

Answer 1

No natural selection
No mutation
Large population
No gene flow
Random mating

Question 2

Monopyhletic

Answer 2

A single cut branch that has all members from a single common ancestor

Question 3

Principle of parsimony

Answer 3

Tree that has the fewest assumptions
Has the least trait changes (mutation / adaption)

Question 4

Paraphyletic

Answer 4

Doesn’t include all descendants from a clade

Question 5

Polyphyletic

Answer 5

Takes an entire clade and includes some other organisms from another branch

Question 6

What domain has peptidoglycan cell walls

Answer 6

Bacteria

Question 7

What domain(s) are prokaryotes

Answer 7

Archaea and bacteria

Question 8

What domain has protists, animals, plants, and fungi

Answer 8

Eukarya

Question 9

Plesiomorphies

Answer 9

Ancestral

Question 10

Apomorphies

Answer 10

Derived

Question 11

Synapomorphy

Answer 11

A shared derived trait inherited from a common ancestor

Question 12

What has unique ribosomal RNA sequences

Answer 12

Bacteria

Question 13

Horizontal gene transfer

Answer 13

Movement of genetic material between organisms that is not from parent to offspring

Question 14

What does horizontal gene transfer enable bacteria to do

Answer 14

Bacterial adaptions that quickly adapt to environmental changes

Question 15

Cocci

Answer 15

Bacteria that is sperhical shaped

Question 16

Bacillus

Answer 16

Bacteria that are rod shaped

Question 17

Spirilla

Answer 17

Spiral shaped bacteria

Question 18

Which generation is diploid

Answer 18

Sporophyte

Question 19

Which generation is haploid

Answer 19

Gametophyte

Question 20

What process produces spores

Answer 20

Meiosis

Question 21

What process produces gametophyte

Answer 21

Mitosis

Question 22

What generation is dominant in mosses, hornworts, and liverworts

Answer 22

Gametophyte dominant

Question 23

Nonvascular plants?

Answer 23

Mosses, liverworts, hornworts

Question 24

What differentiates nonvascular plants and vascular plants

Answer 24

A xylem and a phloem

Question 25

What are some seedless vascular plants

Answer 25

Ferns, horsetails, and whisk ferns

Question 26

What are the vascular seeds plants

Answer 26

Gymnosperms and Angiosperm

Question 27

Excavata features

Answer 27

Unicellular, flagellated, and no cell wall

Question 28

Do archaea and bacteria have a nucleus

Answer 28

No, only eukaryotic

Question 29

Do archaea and bacteria have a mitochondria/ chloroplast?

Answer 29

No, only eukaryotic

Question 30

Which domain has branched membrane lipids

Answer 30

Archaea

Question 31

What groups are in SAR clade

Answer 31

Stramenopiles, alveolata , rhizaria

Question 32

What are in the stramenopiles group

Answer 32

Diatoms, saprolegnia

Question 33

What are in the alveolata group

Answer 33

Paramecium and peridinium

Question 34

What is in the Rhizaria group

Answer 34

Foraminiferans and radiolarians

Question 35

What is in the archaeplastida group

Answer 35

Chlamydomonas, volvox, spirogyra

Question 36

What is in the super group unikonta

Answer 36

Opisthokonta and amoebozoa

Question 37

What is in the opisthokonta group

Answer 37

Rotifers

Question 38

What is in the amoebozoa group

Answer 38

Amoeba

Question 39

What is in the excavata group

Answer 39

Euglena

Question 40

What is alternation of generations

Answer 40

A reproductive cycle that is a regular alternation between two multicellular stages (haploid and diploid)

Question 41

Alternation of generations cycle

Answer 41

Sporophyte Spore Gametphyte Fertilization Sporophyte

Question 42

Excavata features

Answer 42

Unicellular, flagellated and no cell wall

Question 43

Euglena features

Answer 43

Aquatic, flexible protein pellicle Example: trypanosoma - blood parasite from tse-tse fly

Question 44

Stramenopiles

Answer 44

One hairy and one smooth flagella

Question 45

Diatoms

Answer 45

Primary producers, silica cell wall

Question 46

Alveolata

Answer 46

Membranous sacs

Question 47

Peridinium

Answer 47

Flagella in grooves

Question 48

Paramecium

Answer 48

Have cilia, 2 nuclei

Question 49

Rhizaria

Answer 49

Mineralized shell

Question 50

Foraminiferans

Answer 50

Composed of calcium carbonate

Question 51

Radiolarians

Answer 51

Symmetric and made of silica

Question 52

Archaeplastida

Answer 52

Cellulose cell walls

Question 53

Chlamydomonas

Answer 53

Two flagella, cup shaped chloroplast in cells

Question 54

Volvox

Answer 54

Have daughter colonies

Question 55

Spirogyra

Answer 55

Spiral shaped chloroplast

Question 56

Unikonta

Answer 56

Single flagellum

Question 57

Rotifers

Answer 57

Have a corona that is used for feeding

Question 58

Amoebozoa

Answer 58

Very large, no cell wall

Question 59

Amoeba

Answer 59

Have psuedopodia