Lab Exam 2 Flashcards
(135 cards)
The position along the length of a chromosome where a gene is located
locus
Different forms of genes are called _________.
alleles
Humans diploid (2N) chromosome number is ___
46
point where the arms of chromatids crossover one another
chiasma
physical appearance of an organism in regards to traits
phenotype
genes present in an organism
genotype
stretch of nucleotides along the length of a chromosome that code for protein or sometimes an RNA molecule
gene
Female flies are smaller or larger than males?
larger
Male flies have _____ ______ on their forelimbs
Sex combs
Two ends of a strand are polar or nonpolar?
Polar
Standard names for each end of a DNA strand.
5’head and 3’tail
Percentage in DNA: cytosine= adenine= guanine= thymine=
20% 30% 20% 30%
3 major branches of life
Eukaryotes, archaea, and eubacteria
Tree which depicts the evolutionary relationships among organisms.
Phylogeny
Bacteria and archea have a ____________ cell type.
Prokaryotic
Autotrophs use _________ carbon, and either _______ or chemicals as energy sources
inorganinc, light
Heterotrohs use orgainc _______ to fuel metabolism.
carbon
Two types of heterotrophs
Chemoheterotrohs and photoheterotrophs
Bacteria that are:
obligate aerobes require _______
obligate anaerobes are poisoned by ________, and use fermentation or anaerobic respiration to produce ATP
faculative anaerobes ___________
oxygen, oxygen, can do both
If both organisms benefit from the assocoation , the relationship is ____________.
If one benefits and the other is unaffected, the relationship is ____________.
If one benefits and the other is harmed, the relationship is ______________.
mutualistic, commensalistic, parasitic
Theory that accounts for the origin of mitochondria and chloro[lasts in eukaryotic cells.
Cellular endosymbiosis
3 basic bacterial shapes are:
_________(round)
_________( rod shaped)
__________(Spiral shaped)
coccus, bacilus, spirillium
Prefixes in bacterial cell shapes.
_________ ( a chain of cells)
________( a cluster of cells)
________(a pair of cells)
Strepto-, staphylo-, diplo-
Bacteria thats has a thick peptidoglycan cell wall outside an internal membrane react positively to Gram staining.
Gram positive











































