Lab Exam 2: Muscles Flashcards

Question

Origin/Insertion/Function: Pectineus, adductor femoris/longus

Answer 1

Origin in pelvic girdle Insert in femur Function to adduct femur

Answer 2

Origin in femur Insert in calcaneus Function as plantar flexion

Answer 3

Origin in skull Insert in dentary Function to depress mandible

Answer 4

Origin in zygomatic arch Insert in dentary Function to elevate mandible (close jaw)

Answer 5

Origin in skull Insert in coronoid process Function to elevate mandible (close jaws)

Answer 6

-"white line" -Thin whitish connective tissue that runs from sternum to pubic bone -Separates R and L sides of abdominal muscles that support internal viscera

Answer 7

-"between mandibles" -Paired sheets of ventral muscle, most superficial -Originate on each side of mandibular cartilage -Insert in center midventral tendon -Function to open jaws and compress gill pouches

Answer 8

-"between hyoid" -Paired sheets of muscle located underneath Intermandibularis muscles -Function to compress gill pouches

Answer 9

-"coraco-" relates to scapula & "mandib-" relates to lower jaw -Underneath Intermandibularis and Interhyoideus -Unpaired narrow muscle along midventral line -Insert in ventral center of mandibular cartilage -Function to close mouth

Answer 10

-Part of Rectus cervicis complex ("straight neck") -"Coraco-" relates to scapula -Paired triangular-shaped muscles underneath coracomandibular -Origin in pectoral girdle (scapula) and insert in hyoid -Function to support pharynx and open mouth

Answer 11

-Part of Rectus cervicis complex ("straight neck") -"Coraco-" relates to scapula and "hyoid" -Paired muscles rostral to coracoarcuals underneath Intermandibularis and Interhyoideus muscles -Origin in pectoral girdle (scapula) and insert in hyoid -Function to support pharynx and open mouth

Answer 12

-Located on topside of each pectoral fin -Origin in pectoral girdle -Insert in dorsal surface of pterygiophores -Functions as pectoral abductor, pulling fin up

Answer 13

-Located on underside of each pectoral fin -Origin in pectoral girdle -Insert in ventral surface of pterygiophores -Functions as pectoral adductor, pulling fin down

Answer 14

-Located on dorsal side of pelvic fins -Functions as pelvic abductor, lifting it up

Answer 15

-Located on ventral side of pelvic fins -Divided into: -Proximal (puboischiadic bar to pterigium) -Distal (pterygium to radial cartilage) -Function as pelvic adductor, pulls fin down

Answer 16

-Found on either side of the mouth behind eye on both jaw cartilages -Origin in palatoquadrate -Inserts into mandibular cartilage -Function to close (adduct) mouth

Answer 17

-Located dorsal to adductor mandibulae and rostral to spiracle -Origin in otic capsule (ear area) -Insert in palatoquadrate -Functions to lift palatoquadrate when closing mouth

Answer 18

-Caudal to levator palatoquadrati -Located on cranial wall of spiracle -Functions to close spiracle valve

Answer 19

-Located in orbit -Origin in ventral surface of chondrocranium -Insert in mandibular cartilage -Function to close mouth

Answer 20

-Located caudal to Interhyoideus -Function to compress gill pouches

Answer 21

-Located above/behind adductor mandibulae -Functions to compress gill pouches

Answer 22

-Located between dorsal hyoid constrictor and spiracle -Raises Hyomandibular cartilage when mouth is closed -Functions to compress gill pouches

Answer 23

-Banchiomeric muscles (posterior arches) -Located above gill slits and caudally to dorsal and ventral hyoid constrictors

Answer 24

-Triangular shaped muscle located dorsally to dorsal hyoid constrictor and superficial branchial constrictors -Origin in surface of epibranchial muscles -Insert in scapulocoracoid cartilage last gill arch -Functions to elevate gill arch and scapula

Answer 25

-"between gills" -Located inside gills under gill lamellae and between radial tendinous intersections -Functions to constrict gill pouches

Answer 26

-Short muscle spanning between epi/ceratobranchial cartilage inside gill slit -Compresses gill pouches by abducting the two cartilages

Answer 27

-Located on inside of skin of trunk -Functions to move skin in that area

Answer 28

-"tighten neck" -Cutaneous muscles on ventral side of neck -Functions as way to move and tighten skin of the throat

Answer 29

-"platy" = plate -Located on dorsal side of neck and up over the face area -Functions to move lips, nose, ears, and eyes to make facial expressions

Answer 30

-Tough white fascia located on surface of trunk muscles in lumbar region of back

Answer 31

-Forms outer layer of abdominal wall -Functions to compress abdomen and support viscera -Origin on surface of caudal ribs and cranial boarder is hidden under latissimus dorsi/pectorals

Answer 32

-Located under external oblique with cranial border caudal to rib cage and extending into pelvic region -Functions to compress abdomen and support viscera

Answer 33

-Lies underneath internal oblique on side of body from more caudal ribs to insert into linea alba -Functions to compress abdomen and support viscera

Answer 34

-Underneath internal oblique -Longitudinal band of muscle on either side of midventral line -Origin in pubis and insert in sternum -Functions to flex body

Answer 35

-"to come down" -Function to adduct arm (bring down) -Part of superficial pectoral complex -Origin in sternum extend to humerus -Small strap across chest

Answer 36

-"turn across" -Part of superficial pectoral complex -Spans from sternum to humerus; found under pectoralis decendens, but above pectoralis profundus -Functions to adduct arm

Answer 37

-"Profundus" = deep -Deeper part of pectoral complex -Spans most of chest region in large triangle shape -Origin along sternum, tips of triangles insert into humerus -Functions to adduct/retract arm

Answer 38

-Triangle shaped muscle under pectoralis profundus (deepest muscle of pectoral complex) -Origin on xiphoid process -Insert in humerus -Function to adduct/retract arm

Answer 39

-"Cleido" = clavical; "bracchium" = arm -Spanning top/front of shoulder from clavical to ulna -Part of deltoid muscle complex -Clavical is imbedded in underside of cleidobranchial at base of neck -Merges with cleidocervical at dorsal part

Answer 40

-Part of trapezius muscle complex -Thin sheet covering cranial part of latissimus dorsi -Found along dorsal line of thorax, behind cervical trapezius, and moving under to insert on scapular spine

Answer 41

-"cervix" = neck -Part of trapezius muscle complex -Found in front of thoracic trapezius and behind cleidocervical/brachial -Along mid dorsal line to base of neck, inserts in scapular spine of arm

Answer 42

-"cleido" = clavical; "cervix" = neck -Located on dorsal side of neck, extending from Michal crest of skull to mid dorsal line of front of neck -Part of trapezius muscle complex -Merges with cleidobrachial

Answer 43

-Extends from sternum, wrapping on either side of neck to mastoid process of skull -Creates V shape around Sternohyoid -Passes under jugular vein -Functions to rotate/ lower head

Answer 44

-"omo" = shoulder; "transvers" = transverse process of atlas -AKA levator scapulae ventralis (lifts scapula) -small band of neck/shoulder muscle between cleidocervical (mostly under) and cervical trapezius

Answer 45

Cleidobrachial: clavical to arm Acromiodeltoid: attach to acromion of scapula Scapulodeltoid: along caudal border of scapula

Answer 46

-Found behind cleidobranchial on dorsal side of arm -Moves from acromion of scapula, under omotransversarius, down to humerus -Part of deltoid muscle complex -Located above triceps

Answer 47

-Found along caudal border of scapula; from scapular spine to proximal end of humerus -Lies below cervical trapezius and above triceps; omotransversarius runs under -Part of deltoid muscle complex

Answer 48

-Runs along top/side of trunk, behind arms -Origin in spinous process of vertebrae -Insert in humerus -Functions to retract humerus

Answer 49

-Found on supraspinous fossa of scapula and under cervical trapezius

Answer 50

-Found on infraspinatus fossa of scapula, below supraspinatus and behind scapulodeltoid

Answer 51

-Small muscle on caudal border of scapula and into humerus -Found below infraspinatus

Answer 52

-Along inside of neck from back of skull to scapula -Found under cleidocervicalis and in front of cervical trapezius

Answer 53

-Deep to latissimus dorsi, closer to ventral side -Fan shaped muscle moves from dorsal border of scapula along ribs in multiple 'slips'

Answer 54

-Between stratus ventralis and scapula; found in subscapular fossa

Answer 55

-Thin layer along medial surface arm supporting the triceps brachii muscles

Answer 56

Origin in humerus; insert in olecranon of ulna; function to extend lower arm 1) long head: located along caudal surface of humerus (larger head), starting under scapula to olecranon 2) lateral head: on proximal end of humerus, covering most of lateral surface of bone, inserting into olecranon of ulna 3) medial head: smaller head, found on medial surface of humerus

Answer 57

-Located on cranial/lateral side of humerus, in front of triceps brachii lateral head -Origin in humerus -Insert in ulna -Function to flex lower arm

Answer 58

-Located on medial side of humerus along cranial edge slightly under pectoralis transversus/profundus insertions and in front of triceps brachii medial head -Origin in scapula -Insert in radius (radial tuberosity) -Functions to flex lower arm

Answer 59

-Most cranial muscle of thigh, made of a long band extending from origin on ilium to insert in tibia/patella -Functions to adduct femur/thigh

Answer 60

-Found on border of illium on the cranial side -Thick layer on cranial surface of thigh, merging with gluteus superficialis

Answer 61

-Part of hamstrings (with semitendinosus and semimembranosus) -Narrow origin in pelvic girdle, fanning out to form lateral surface of thigh -Inserts in tibia (medial side) -Functions to flex lower leg

Answer 62

-Forms hamstrings (with biceps femoris and semimembrinosus) -Found caudal to biceps femoris -Origin in pelvic girdle, inserting into tibia -Functions to flex lower leg

Answer 63

-Band of muscle cranial and dorsal to biceps femoris -Covers sacral area on dorsal side, moving under biceps femoris to patella -Associated with gluteal muscles

Answer 64

-Lies underneath tensor fascia latae and between gluteus medius and caudofemoral -Most superficial muscle of gluteus complex on dorsal sacral area moving down to femur

Answer 65

-Lies under tensor fascia latae and in front of, but tucking partially under the gluteus superficialis in the sacral region

Answer 66

-origin in ilium/femur, insert in tibia -Functions to extend lower leg 1) rectus femoris: cranial thigh surface, medial to vastus lateralis 2) vastus lateralis: craniolateral surface of thigh 3) vastus medialis: medial surface of caudal to rectus femoris and under gracilis 4) vastus intermedius: found deeply between vastus lateralis and rectus femoris

Answer 67

-Part of quadriceps femoris muscle complex -Origin in ilium; insert in tibia/patella; functions to extend lower leg -Found on cranial thigh surface, under sartorius and medial to vastus lateralis

Answer 68

-Part of quadriceps femoris muscle complex -Origin on femur; insert in tibia; functions to extend lower leg -Large muscle on craniolateral surface of thigh; mostly covered by tensor fascia latae

Answer 69

-Part of quadriceps femoris muscle complex -Origin on femur; insert in tibia; functions to extend lower leg -Found of medial surface of thigh, caudal to rectus femoris and deep to gracilis

Answer 70

-Part of quadriceps femoris muscle complex -Origin on femur; insert in tibia; functions to extend lower leg -Found deep to vastus lateralis and rectus femoris; often merges with vastus medialis

Answer 71

-Found on medial surface of thigh and caudal to sartorius/covers quadriceps femoris -Wide/thin muscle moves from pubic symphysis to tibia

Answer 72

-Forms hamstrings (with biceps femoris and semitendinosus) -Broad/thick muscle found deep to gracilis and cranial to semitendinosus

Answer 73

-Small triangular muscle found in cranial border of pubis where femoral blood vessels emerge -Hidden under sartorius and external oblique -Origin in pelvic girdle/insert in femur -Functions to adduct femur

Answer 74

-Found between pectineus and semimembranous on cranial border of pelvic girdle to femur -Functions to adduct thigh

Answer 75

-Origin in femur/insert in calcaneus (heel) -Large muscle found on caudal side of lower leg, behind tibia and below semitendinosus -Works with soleus as calf muscles -Functions as plantar flexion (lift/lower foot)

Answer 76

-Seen on lateral surface of shin and lies deep to gastrocnemius along fibula -Works with gastrocnemius to form calf muscles

Answer 77

-Outer layer of thoracic wall under latissimus dorsi -Extend from one rib to next, but not all the way to midventral line

Answer 78

-Located beneath external intercostals -Extend between ribs

Answer 79

-Deeper muscle found lateral to spinous process and dorsal portions of thoracic/caudal vertebrae

Answer 80

-On dorsal side of body running along side and inserting into transverse process of thoracic/cervical vertebrae -Lays between spinalis muscle and iliocostalis

Answer 81

-Runs along lateral side longissimus dorsi -Insert into ribs

Answer 82

-Located all along vertebral column connecting vertebrae -Muscle bundles extend from mammillary processes, transvers processes, and zygapophyses of vertebrae to the spinous process of next vertebrae cranially -Most span two or three vertebrae -Seen best in lumbar region

Answer 83

-Thin midventral muscle spanning windpipe from sternum up into hyoid body -Tucks under sternomastoid where its V shape meets at sternum

Answer 84

-Muscle band mastoid process to mandible -Origin in skull, insert in dentary -Functions as jaw opeining/depress mandible

Answer 85

-Found under digastic sections in under jaw region of mandible

Answer 86

-Found in upper cheek area of face, near mastoid process -Origin on zygomatic arch, inserting in dentary -Functions to close jaws

Answer 87

-Found underneath ear, dorsal to zygomatic arch -Origin on skull in temporal fossa region -Inserts in coronoid princess of mandible -Functions to close jaws (elevate mandible)