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Bio 201 > Lab Exam 3 > Flashcards

Lab Exam 3 Flashcards

(91 cards)

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1
Q

Nondisplaced

A

Bone is in normal position

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2
Q

Displaced

A

Bone is out of place

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3
Q

Complete

A

Broken all the way through

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4
Q

Incomplete

A

Not broken all the way through

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5
Q

Linear

A

Break parallel to long axis of bone

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6
Q

Transverse

A

Perpendicular to long axis of bone

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7
Q

Spiral/Oblique

A

Spiral break (Common in Child Abuse)

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8
Q

Compound

A

Bone penetrates through skin

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9
Q

Simple

A

Bone does not penetrate skin

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10
Q

Avulsion

A

Complete severing of body part

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11
Q

Comminuted

A

Fracture of the distal end of the lateral forearm bone

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12
Q

Compression

A

Bone is squashed

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13
Q

Epiphyseal

A

Epiphysis is separated from diaphysis at epiphyseal plate

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14
Q

Greenstick

A

Partial fracture (One side of bone breaks & other side is bent)

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15
Q

Hairline

A

Fine crack in which bone remains aligned

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16
Q

Pathologic

A

Weakening of bone due to disease

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17
Q

Axial Skeleton

A

Middle skeleton (Skull, Sternum, Ribs, & Vertebrae)

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18
Q

Appendicular Skeleton

A

Appendage skeleton (Clavicle, Scapula, Arm Bones, Hip Bones, & Leg Bones)

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19
Q

Calvaria

A

Temporal & Parietal Bones

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20
Q

Cranial Base

A

Sphenoid, Temporal, & Occipital Bones

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21
Q

Hyaline Cartilage

A

Nose, larynx, trachea, bronchi, epiphyseal plate, & articular cartilages. (Makes up most of fetal skeleton until replaced)

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22
Q

Elastic Cartilage

A

Auricle or pinna, epiglottis, & external auditory meatus

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23
Q

Fibrous Cartilage

A

Intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis, articular discs in sternoclavicular & temporomandipular joints, glenodial labrum, & acetabular labrum

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24
Q

Conchae Bones

A

(Swirly bones in nose) Help control airflow into nose, cleaning & warming air that goes into lungs

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25
Cervical Vertebrae
1st part, Neck area, C1-C7
26
Thoracic Vertebrae
2nd part, Upper back part, T1-T12
27
Lumbar Vertebrae
3rd part, Lower back, L1-L5
28
Sacrum
4th part, back of hip area, S1-S5
29
Coccyx
Tailbone
30
Integumentary
Skeletal system provides support; skin provides Vitamin D
31
Muscular
Skeletal system provides the levers and stores Ca needed for nervous system function; hormones regulate bone growth & calcium storage
32
Endocrine
Skeletal protects, stores Ca needed for hormonal messages; hormone regulates bone growth & calcium storage
33
Cardiovascular
Bone marrow provides site for blood cell formation; cardiovascular transports O & CO2 & nutrients
34
Lymphatic
Skeletal provides protection and support and is source of lymphocytes; lymphatic immune cells protect bone
35
Respiratory
Skeletal provides protection and support; respiratory provides O and eliminates CO2
36
Digestive
Skeletal provides protection and support; digestive provides nutrients
37
Urinary
Skeletal provides protection and support; urinary activates Vit D and eliminates nitrogenous waste.
38
Reproductive
Skeletal provides protection and support; reproductive provides some hormones needed for growth
39
Male Skull
Large Brow Ridge, Square Chin/Features, Sharper Angles
40
Female Skull
Not prominent brow bone, softer/rounder chin/features, rounder jaw
41
Adult Epiphysis
Full calcification, stays one piece
42
Child Epiphysis
No full calcification, top will fall off on child bone due to the cartilage decaying
43
Anterior Fontenelle
Top of head
44
Posterior Fontanelle
Back of head
45
Sphenoid Fontanelle
Side of head towards front
46
Mastoid Fontanelle
Side of head towards back
47
Fibrous Joint
Bones held together by dense connective tissue
48
Cartilaginous Joint
Bones held together by cartilage
49
Synovial Joints
Bones joined by ligaments with fluid filled joint cavity separating bone surfaces (Popping Joints)
50
Synarthrosis
Immobile joints, fibrous or cartilaginous
51
Amphiarthroses
Slightly mobile joints, fibrous or cartilaginous
52
Diarthroses
Freely mobile joints, all synovial
53
Gomphoses
Fibrous, peg in socket, ex. Tooth
54
Sutures
Fibrous, between skull bones
55
Syndesmoses
Fibrous, between tibia & fibula
56
Synchondroses
Cartilaginous, bones joined by hyaline cartilage
57
Symphyses
Cartilaginous, pads of fibrocartilage between articulating bones
58
Uniaxial
Synovial, bone moves in just one place or axis
59
Biaxial
Synovial, bone moves in two planes or axes
60
Multiaxial
Synovial, bone moves in multiple planes or axes
61
Plane Joints
Synovial, uniaxial, articular surface flat
62
Hinge Joint
Synovial, uniaxial, convex surface with concave depression
63
Pivot Joint
Synovial, uniaxial, bone with rounded surface fits into ligament ring
64
Condylar Joint
Synovial, biaxial, oval convex surface articulating with concave surface
65
Saddle Joint
Synovial, biaxial, convex & concave surfaces resembling saddle shape
66
Ball & Socket Joint
Synovial, multiaxial, spherical head of one bone fitting into cupcake like socket
67
Gliding
2 opposing surfaces sliding back and forth or side to side
68
Angular Motion
Increases or decreases angle between 2 bones
69
Flexion
Angular, movement in an anterior-posterior plane, brings bones closer together
70
Extension
Angular, movement in an anterior-posterior plane, brings bones further apart
71
Hyperextension
Angular, joint extender more than 180 degrees
72
Lateral Flexion
Angular, trunk of body moving in coronal plane laterally
73
Abduction
Angular, lateral movement of body part away from midline
74
Adduction
Angular, medial movement of body part toward midline
75
Circumduction
Proximal end of appendage relatively stationary, distal end makes a circular motion, movement makes an imaginary cone shape
76
Rotation Motion
Bone pivots on its own longitude axis
77
Lateral Rotation
Rotation, Turns anterior surface of bone laterally
78
Medial Rotation
Rotation, Turns anterior surface of bone medially
79
Pronation
Rotation, medial rotation of forearm so palm of hand posterior
80
Supination
Rotation, lateral rotation of forearm so palm of hand anterior
81
Special Movements
Movements that do not fit in another category
82
Depression
Special, inferior movement of a body part
83
Elevation
Special, superior movement of a body part
84
Dorsiflexion
Special, foot going back
85
Plantar Flexion
Special, foot pointing
86
Eversion
Special, moving foot to face outward to side
87
Inversion
Special, moving foot to face inward to side
88
Protraction
Special, sticking jaw out
89
Retraction
Special, pulling jaw in
90
Opposition
Special, movement of thumb towards tip of fingers
91
Reposition
Special, thumb going other way of fingers

Bio 201 (3 decks)

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