Lab Exam

Question 0

Force=
Work=
Power output=

Answer 0

=ma
=Fd
=w/t

Question 1

What is ergometry?

Answer 1

Instrument in which the amount of mechanical work can be calculated

Question 2

Efficiency is…

Exercise efficiency=

Answer 2

A measure of the actual amount of energy expended to do external work

=Work output/energy expenditure x100

Question 3

What is intermittent exercise?

Answer 3

Designed to maintain PO for a longer total duration of time

Involves active rest which allows for recovery

Question 4

Fatigue is…

Answer 4

• depletion of high energy phosphates
• depletion of glucose
• accumulation of metabolic byproducts

Question 5

What does recovery do?

Answer 5

Restores substrates
Restores ion balance
Restore pH balance
Oxygenates myoglobin
Return to resting core temp
Recovery of cardiovascular system

Question 6

Recovery times

ATP-PC
Muscle H+
Muscle glycogen

Answer 6

Half life. Full time
21-22s. 5-8 min
5-6 min. 12-22 mins
5-6 hrs. 24-24 hrs

Question 7

Work to rest ratio

ATP-PC
Glycolytic
Aerobic

Answer 7

Work. Rest. Ratio
5-10s. 10-15s. 1:3-5
30-120s. 60-360s. 1:2-3
3-8 min. 1.5-4 min. 1:0.5-1

Question 8

Power is…

Capacity is…

Answer 8

Max rate the system can produce energy

The ability for a system to produce energy over a period of time

Question 9

Energy system power and capacity
ATP-PC
Glycolytic
Aerobic

Answer 9

Power. Capacity
5-8s. <120s
3-5 min. Hours

Question 10

Indirect calorimeter

Direct calorimeter

Answer 10

EE measured using an open circuit spirometer. Measure O2 consumed and co2 produced

Uses a bomb calorimeter

Question 11

Respiratory Exchange Ratio

Answer 11

Ratio of co2 produced to O2 consumed

Question 12

Recovery oxygen consortium

Answer 12

EPOC
2 phases
Fast (mins)
Slow (hours)

Question 13

Steady state

Answer 13

Vo2 < 100ml/min change

HR < 5 bpm

Question 14

As work rate increases…

Answer 14

Linear increase in HR and vo2

Question 15

PO increase

Vo2 increase

Answer 15

HR increase and vo2 increase

HR increase

Question 16

What is anaerobic threshold

Answer 16

Point during incremental exercise when anaerobic metabolism is accelerated and supplements aerobic

Question 17

Ventilators threshold

Answer 17

Detect by relationship between vo2 and vco2

Vslope

Question 18

Lactate threshold

Answer 18

Point that precedes a sustained change of 1 mM
Or
Onset blood lactate of 4.0mM

Question 19

Why study AT?

Answer 19

Better reflects the capacity of the aerobic system
Better predictor of endurance performance and race pace
Assists with aerobic training intensity
Fitness indicator

Question 20

Spirometer

Answer 20

Measurement of lung function by measuring the rate and volume of exhaled air from the lung

Question 21

FVC

FEV1

Answer 21

Forced vital capacity

Forced exploratory volume in one second

Question 22

What is VO2 max

Answer 22

Max rate at which O2 is taken in transported and utilized for muscular work

Question 23

Fock equation

Answer 23

VO2 = Q x a-vO2 diff

Question 24

Criteria for VO2 max

Answer 24

Peak and plateau RER> 1.1 Age predicted HR Volition all exhaustion

Question 25

Exercise induced hypoxemia

Answer 25

Compromise in ability of the lung to fully oxygenate arterial blood EIH is found when there is a greater then 4% drop in SpO2 or it falls below 91% arterial saturation

Question 26

Body composition Components

Answer 26

Relate to health and fitness Muscle Fat Bone

Question 27

Body comp measurement techniques

Answer 27

``` Hydrostatic Skin fold -sum of skinfolds Bioelectrical impedance - slower through FM ```

Question 28

Essential fat

Answer 28

Men 2-5% | Women 10-13%

Question 29

Way to regulate body temp

Answer 29

Radiation Conduction Convection Evaporation

Question 30

Thermal gradient

Answer 30

Core temp rises | Skin temp drops due to cooling evaporation

Question 31

Heat acclimatization

Answer 31

``` Improved cutaneous blood flow Effective distribution of Q Lowered threshold for sweating Increased sweat glands Increased sweat output Decrease sodium concentration in sweat ```

Question 32

Cardiovascular drift

Answer 32

Blood volume decreased due to sweating which in turn decreases stroke volume. Because Q has to remain constant HR has to compensate for the drop in SV and increase (Happens after 30 mins)

Question 33

Velocity is inversely...

Answer 33

Related to force | Increased velocity = decreased applied force

Question 34

Torque | Angle of peak torque

Answer 34

Degree to which a force tends to rotate an object about a fulcrum Joint angle that produces max torque

Question 35

Factors affecting muscular power and force

Answer 35

``` Neural factors Muscle properties - fibre type, quality/quantity of sarcoplasmic reticulum, ATPase activity Bio mechanical properties - muscle length, joint angle, resistance General properties -age gender ```

Question 36

More FT at any velocity compared to ST

Answer 36

FT HAVE MORE POWER

Question 37

La- Generated From Glycolysis

Answer 37

``` - Increase Anaerobic Energy Production o Increase La accumulation in muscle o Increase oxidation of La in muscle o Increase efflux to other muscle fibers - Increase Lactate - Increase efflux to blood o Increase in oxidation of La by other tissue o Conversion into glucose in liver - Increase excretion of La in sweat/urine ```

Question 38

Increase in Anaerobic Energy Production

Answer 38

``` -Increase H+ and decrease pH o Decrease skeletal muscle enzyme activity o Decrease ATPase activity o Interfere with Ca2+ regulation o Inhibits Ca2+ binding at troponin o Buffered and consumed in metabolism o Stimulate nociceptors = pain ```

Question 39

Fatigue Index

Answer 39

= Peak -Min/ Peak x 100