Lab Exam (Bone & Muscle) Flashcards
(89 cards)
1
Q
Name the sharp process at the distal end of the radius?
A
Styloid process
2
Q
Name the bone of the forearm involved in the formation of the elbow joint?
A
Ulnar
3
Q
Name the lateral bone of the leg?
A
Fibula
4
Q
Name the deep socket in the coxal bone that articulates with the femur?
A
Acetabulum
5
Q
Name the point of attachment of the patellar ligament?
A
Tibial tuberosity
6
Q
Name the tarsal bone that sits on the calcaneus?
A
Talus
7
Q
Name the joint where the coxal (pubic) bones articulate anteriorly?
A
Pubis symphysis
8
Q
Name the distal condyle of the humerus that articulates with the ulnar?
A
Trochlea
9
Q
Name the lateral bone of the forearm?
A
Radius
10
Q
Name the bones that form the instep of the foot?
A
Metatarsals
11
Q
Name the membrane that lines the medullary cavity?
A
Endosteum
12
Q
The two ends of a long bone are known as?
A
Epiphysis
13
Q
Osteocytes are found in little cavities known as?
A
Lacunae
14
Q
Name one place that contain short bones?
A
Carpals or Tarsals
15
Q
The cribiform plate allows fibers of this cranial nerve to enter the skull (name & number)?
A
Olfactory (I)
16
Q
The dura mater attaches to this ethmoid bone structure?
A
Crista galli
17
Q
These openings allow the spinal nerves to exit the spinal cord?
A
Intervertebral foramina
18
Q
Name the weight-bearing portion of the vertebrae?
A
Body of vertebrae
19
Q
Explain the disorder kyphosis?
A
Hunch back
20
Q
Ribs 8-10, that attach to the sternum via their costal cartilages, are known as?
A
Vertebral chondral
21
Q
A.flexes the elbow, supinates forearm
O. Supraglenoid tubercle, coracoid process
I. Radial tuberosity
N. musculocutaneous nerve
A
Biceps Brachii
22
Q
A. extends the elbow
O. Infraglenoid tubercule and diaphysis
I. Olecranon process
N. radial nerve
A
Triceps brachii
23
Q
What are the bones of the skull?
A
Sphenoid bone Vomer bone Ethmoid bone Maxilla Zygomatic bone Mandible Palatine bone Inferior nasal concha Lacrimal bone Nasal bone Temporal bone
24
Q
What are the cavities of the skull?
A
Orbit
Nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses
Oral cavity
25
What are the four curvatures of the vertebral column?
Cervical curvature
Thoracic curvature
Lumbar curvature
Sacral curvature
26
Lateral curvatures in the vertebral column that give it a C or S shape when viewed from posterior or anterior side
Scoliosis
27
Exaggerated cervical and lumbar curvatures (normally seen in pregnant women bearing extra abdominal weight)
Lordosis
28
The thoracic curvature is exaggerated giving a hunchback appearance (arthritis, osteoporosis, vertebral fractures, etc)
Kyphosis
29
The first cervical vertebra
Atlas
30
The second cervical vertebra, which contains the dens
Axis
31
What's the difference between the bodies of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae?
Cervical- small and oval
Thoracic- larger and heart shaped
Lumbar- largest and kidney shaped
32
What are the six cranial bones?
```
Parietal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Temporal
Occipital
Frontal
```
33
What are the facial bones?
```
Vomer
Inferior nasal concha
Nasal
Mandible
Maxilla
Palatine
Zygomatic
Lacrimal
```
34
What are the bones of the orbit?
```
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Frontal
Lacrimal
Zygomatic
Palatine
Maxilla
```
35
What are the bones of the paranasal sinuses?
Frontal
Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Maxilla
36
What's the number of each type of vertebrae?
7 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
37
List the three parts of the sternum (breastbone)?
Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid process
38
Rib cage (12 ribs)
Costal cartilages
Intercostal spaces
Ribs
39
Ribs 1-7 are true ribs
Ribs 8-12 are false ribs
Ribs 11 & 12 are floating ribs (no attached to the sternum)
Ribs
40
What are the bones of the pectoral girdle?
Clavicle and scapula
41
What are the bones of the upper limb?
```
Humerus
Radius
Ulna
Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges
```
42
What are the bones of the lower limb?
```
Femur
Tibia
Fibula
Patellar
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges
```
43
What are the bones of the pelvic girdle?
Pelvic bone
* ilium
* pubis
* ischium
Sacrum
44
Where two bones connect or contact
Articulation or joints
45
What are the three important functions of joints?
Enable movement
Provide stability
Allow long bones to lengthen
46
A.closes and protrudes lips
O. maxilla & mandible
I. skin & tissue of lips
N. facial nerve
obicularis oris
47
A.elevates the mandible
O. zygomatic arch
I. ramus of mandible (lateral)
N. mandibular nerve
masseter
48
A. flex head
I. mastoid process (Temporal bone)
O. manubrium and medial clavicle
N. Accessory nerve
sternocleidomastoid
49
A. causing inspiration (inhalation)
O. xiphoid process (sternum), lower ribs, costal & lumbar cartilages
I. central tendon of diaphragm
N. phrenic nerve
diaphragm
50
A. flexes the trunk
O. superior pubic bones
I. costal cartilages of lower ribs
N. ventral rami of lower thoracic nerves
rectus abdominus
51
A. flexes and adducts the arm
O. medial clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages 1-7
I.greater tubercle and lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
N. medial and lateral pectoral nerves
pectoralis major
52
A. adducts and extends the arm
O. illiac crest, spinous processes of lower thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae
I. floor of intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
N. thoracodorsal nerve
latissimus dorsi
53
A. abducts the arm
O. acromion and spine of scapula; lateral clavicle
I. deltoid tuberosity of humerus
N. axillary nerve
deltoid
54
A. extends the head and elevates the scapula
I. Lateral portion of clavicle
N. Accessory nerve
O. External occipital protuberance and cervical vertebrae
trapezius
55
A. laterally rotates the humerus
O. Infraspinous fossa of scapula
I. Greater tubercle of the humerus
N. Suprascapular nerve
Infraspinatus
55
Does not allow any movement between articulating bones
Synarthrosis
57
A. Assists abduction
O. Supraspinous fossa of scapula
I. Greater tubercle of humerus
N. Suprascapular nerve
Supraspinatus
58
A. Adducts,extends, and rotates arm medially
O. Posterior, lateral border of scapula
I. Greater tubercle of humerus
N. Axillary nerve
Teres minor
59
A. Adducts and rotates the humerus medially
O. Subscapular fossa of
I. Lesser tubercle of humerus
N. Subscapular nerves
Subscapularis
60
A. (pinky) flexes wrist, adducts hand
O. Medial chondyle of humerus, medial olecranon process of ulna
I. Pisiform, hamate, fifth metacarpal
N. Ulnar nerve
Flexor carpi ulnaris
61
A. extends the knee, flexes the thigh
O. Anterior inferior iliac spine, superior margin of acetabulum
I. Patellar and tibial tuberosity
N. Femoral nerve
Rectus femoris
62
A. extends the thigh, laterally rotates the thigh, and abducts the thigh
I. Gluteal tuberosity of femur
O. Posterior and lateral portions of the ilium, sacrum, and coccyx
N. Inferior gluteal nerve
Gluteus maximus
63
A. Dorsiflexes the foot
I. medial cuneiform and first metatarsal
O. lateral chondyle and proximal dyaphysis of tibia
N. Deep fibular nerve
Tibialis anterior
64
A. Plantarflexes the foot
I. Posterior surface of calcaneus
O. Medial and lateral chondyles of the femur
N. Tibial nerve
Gastrocnemius
64
Moves a body part toward the midline
Adduction
65
The sesamoid bone that articulates with the distal end of the femoris?
Patellar
66
Moves body part away from the midline
Abduction
67
Decreases the angle between two bones
Flexion
68
Increases the angle between two bones
Extension
69
Turning of a bone along its own longitudinal axis
Rotation
70
Movement of a bone in a cone shaped radius (circular motion)
Circumduction
71
Movement of the foot and the ankle toward the leg
Dorsiflexion
72
Movement of the foot and ankle away from the leg
Plantarflexion
73
Movement of body part in a superior direction
Elevation
74
Movement of a body part in an inferior direction
Depression
75
Allows only a small amount of movement between articulating bones
Amphiarthrosis
76
Is freely moveable, allowing a wide variety of specific movement
Diarthrosis
77
What passes through the jugular foramen?
Jugular vein, glossopharyngeal nerve, accessory nerve, and vagus nerve
78
What passes through the foramen ovale?
Mandibular nerve, trigeminal nerve, accessory meningeal artery
79
What passes through the foramen spinosum?
Middle meningeal vein, middle meningeal artery, meningeal branch of mandibular nerve
80
What passes through the foramen rotundum?
Maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve
81
What passes through the foramen lacerum?
The artery and nerve pytergoid canal, venous drainage
82
What passes through the carotid canal?
Carotid artery
83
What passes through the hypoglossal canal?
Hypoglossal nerve
84
What passes through the mandibular nerve?
Inferior alveolar vein and artery
85
What passes through the mental foramen?
Mental nerve
86
What passes through the incisive foramen?
Blood vessels and nerves
87
What passes through the supraorbital foramen?
Supraorbital nerve
88
What passes through the foramen magnum?
Spinal chord
