LAB EXAM II Flashcards by Eric Le

Name + OIA

Subclavius

Origin: 1st rib
Insertion: Middle of clavicle
Action: Anchors/depresses clavicle at sternoclavicular joint

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Pectoralis minor

Origin: Surface of ribs 3-5
Insertion: Coracoid process of scapula
Action: Moves scapula anteroinferiorly + stabilizes scapula

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Serratus anterior

Origin: Ribs 1-9
Insertion: Scapular borders
Action: Moves scapula anteriolaterally + rotates scapula + and stabilizes scapula

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Trapezius

Origin: External occipital protuberance + spinous processes of T1-T12
Insertion: Clavicle and scapula
Action: Moves the scapula and head

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Rhomboid major

Origin: Spinous process of T2-T5
Insertion: Medial border of scapula
Action: Moves the scapula + rotates the glenoid cavity + supports scapula

SAME AS MINOR

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Rhomboid minor

Origin: spinous processes of C7-T1
Insertion: Scapular spine
Action: Moves the scapula + rotates the glenoid cavity + supports scapula

SAME AS MAJOR

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Latissimus dorsi

Origin:
- T1-T12 spinous processes
- posterior iliac crest
- inferior angle of scapula, ribs 9-12
Insertion: Intertubercular sulcus of humerus (between teres minor and major)
Action: arm adduction and insertion

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Pectoralis major

Origin: Clavicle, sternum, and rectus abdominis
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
Action: Arm adduction

(or internal rotation of arm, flexion via clavicle, extension via sternocostal, and moves scapula via scapulothoracic joint)

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Deltoid

Origin: (SACs) Scapular spine, acromion, and clavicle
Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Action: Arm abduction + flexion + extension

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Subscapularis

Origin: Subscapular fossa
Insertion: Lesser tubercle of humerus
Action: Internal rotation of arm + stabilizes the humerus’ head in glenoid cavity

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Supraspinatus

Origin: Supraspinous fossa
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
Action: Arm abduction + stabilization of humerus’ head in glenoid cavity

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Teres major

Origin: Inferior angle of scapula
Insertion: Intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
Action: Arm extension + internal rotation of arm

(internal rotation in major vs external rotation in minor)

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Teres minor

Origin: Lateral border of scapula
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
Action: Arm adduction

(or arm external rotation + stabilizaes humerus’ head in glenoid cavity)

(external rotation in minor vs internal in major)

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Coracobrachialis

Origin: Coracoid process of the scapula
Insertion: Humeral shaft
Action: Arm adduction

(flexion of arm at shoulder joint)

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Infraspinatus

Origin: Infraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
Action: Arm external rotation + stabilizes humeral head in glenoid cavity

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Biceps brachii

Origin: Short head at coracoid process and long head at supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Insertion: radial tuberosity of radius
Action: forearm flexion + forearm supination

(weak arm flexion at glenohumeral joint)

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Brachialis

Origin: Anterior aspect of distal humerus
Insertion: Coronoid process of ulna + ulnar tuberosity
Action: Forearm flexion

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Brachioradialis

Origin: Lateral supercondylar ridge of humerus
Insertion: Styloid process of radius
Action: Forearm flexion

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Triceps brachii

Origin:
- long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
- medial/lateral head: posterior aspect of humerus
Insertion: Olecranon of ulna
Action: Forearm extension

(arm extension at shoulder joint, or forearm extension at elbow joint)

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Anconeus

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Lateral aspect of olecranon
Action: Forearm extension + stabilization of elbow joint

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Pronator teres

Origin:
- humeral head: supracondylar ridge of humerus
- ulnar head: coronoid process of ulna
Insertion: lateral aspect of radius (distal to supinator)
Action: Forearm pronation + flexion

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Pronator quadratus

Origin: anterior aspect of distal ulna
Insertion: anterior aspect of distal radius
Action: forearm pronation

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Supinator

Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: lateral, posterior, and anterior aspects of proximal radius
Action: forearm supination

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Flexor carpi radialis

Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: metacarpal bones
Action: wrist flexion + abduction

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Palmaris longus 1. Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus 2. Insertion: palmar aponeurosis 3. Action: wrist flexion

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Flexor carpi ulnaris 1. Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus 2. Insertion: carpal bones and metacarpal bone 5 3. Action: Wrist flexion + adduction

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Flexor digitorum superficialis 1. Origin: - humeroulnar head: medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna - radial head: anterior aspect of proximal radius 2. Insertion: Palmar aspect of middle phalanges 2-5 3. Action: Finger flexion of phalanges 2-5

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Flexor pollicis longus 1. Origin: anterior aspect of radius 2. Insertion: palmar aspect of distal phalanx of thumb 3. Action: thumb flexion

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Flexor digitorum profundus 1. Origin: anterior aspect of proximal ulna 2. Insertion: palmar aspect of distal phalanges 2-5 3. Action: Finger flexion of digits 2-5

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Extensor carpi radialis longus 1. Origin: lateral supercondylar ridge of humerus 2. Insertion: posterior aspect of metacarpal bone 3. Action: hand extension + abduction

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Extensor digitorum 1. Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus 2. Insertion: extensor expansions of digits 2-5 3. Action: finger extension of digits 2-5

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Extensor digiti minimi 1. Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus 2. Insertion: extensor expansion of digit 5 3. Action: finger extension of digit 5

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Abductor pollicis brevis 1. Origin: Carpal bones 2. Insertion: Lateral aspect of proximal phalanx 1 3. Action: Thumb abduction

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Abductor pollicis longus 1. Origin: posterior aspect of proximal radius, ulna, and interossesous membrane 2. Insertion: metacarpal bone 3. Action: thumb extension + abduction (or hand extension)

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Extensor pollicis brevis 1. Origin: posterior aspect of distal radius 2. Insertion: posterior aspect of phalanx 1 3. Action: thumb extension

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Extensor pollicis longus 1. Origin: posterior aspect of distal ulna 2. Insertion: posterior aspect of phalanx 1 3. Action: thumb extension

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Psoas major 1. Origin: - vertebral bodies of T12-L4 - intervertebral discs of T12-L4 - transverse process of L1-L5 2. Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur 3. Action: thigh flexion (lateral rotation of thigh or lateral flexion of trunk)

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Iliacus 1. Origin: iliac fossa 2. Insertion: lesser trochanter of femur 3. Action: thigh flexion (trunk flexion)

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Gluteus maximus 1. Origin: posterior aspect of sacrum/coccyx 2. Insertion: iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femur 3. Action: thigh abduction (superior part) & adduction (inferior part) + thigh extension (thigh external rotation and adduction)

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Gluteus medius 1. Origin: gluteal surface of ilium 2. Insertion: lateral aspect of greater trochanter of femur 3. Action: thigh abduction + stabilization of pelvis (thigh internal rotation) ## Footnote (same origin and action as gluteus minimus)

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Gluteus minimus 1. Origin: gluteal surface of ilium 2. Insertion: anterior aspect of greater trochanter of femur 3. Action: thigh abduction + stabilization of pelvis (thigh internal rotation) ## Footnote (same origin and action as gluteus medius)

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Tensor fascia latae 1. Origin: anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) 2. Insertion: lateral condyle of tibia via iliotibial tract 3. Action: - thigh abduction - leg flexion and extension (thigh internal rotation, leg external rotation, stabilization of knee and hip joints)

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Piriformis 1. Origin: anterior aspect of sacrum and gluteal surface of ilium 2. Insertion: greater trochanter of femur 3. Action: thigh abduction (thigh external rotation and stabilizes head of femur)

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Obturator internus 1. Origin: posterior aspect of obturator foramen 2. Insertion: greater trochanter of femur 3. Action: thigh abduction (external rotation and stabilization of hip joint) ## Footnote same as externus

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Obturator externus 1. Origin: anterior aspect of obturator foramen 2. Insertion: trochanteric fossa of femur 3. Action: thigh abduction (external rotation and stabilization of hip joint) ## Footnote same as internus

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Superior gemellus 1. Origin: ischial spine 2. Insertion: medial aspect of greater trochanter femur 3. Action: thigh abduction (thigh external rotation + stabilizes head of femur in acetabulum) ## Footnote same as inferior gemellus

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Inferior gemellus 1. Origin: ischial tuberosity 2. Insertion: medial aspect of greater trochanter femur 3. Action: thigh abduction (thigh external rotation + stabilizes the head of femur in acetabulum) ## Footnote same as superior gemellus

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Quadratus femoris 1. Origin: ischial tuberosity 2. Insertion: intertrochanteric crest of femur 3. Action: thigh external rotation stabilizes head of femur in acetabulum

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Adductor longus 1. Origin: body of pubis 2. Insertion: linea aspera of femur 3. Action: thigh adduction + flexion (thigh external rotation and pelvis stabilization) ## Footnote all the adductor muscles are the same

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Adductor brevis 1. Origin: body of pubis 2. Insertion: linea aspera of femur 3. Action: thigh adduction + flexion (thigh external rotation and pelvis stabilization) ## Footnote all the adductor muscles are the same

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Adductor magnus 1. Origin: - adductor part: inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus - ischiocondylar part: ischial tuberosity 2. Insertion: - adductor part: linea aspera of femur - ischiocondylar part: tubercle of femur 3. Action: thigh adduction and flexion (adductor part) and thigh exension (hamstring part) (thigh external and internal rotation + pelvis stabilization)

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Pectineus 1. Origin: superior pubic ramus 2. Insertion: pectineal line of femur + linea aspera of femur 3. Action: thigh adduction + flexion (thigh external/internal rotation + pelvis stabilization)

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Tibialis anterior 1. Origin: lateral surface of tibia 2. Insertion: medial aspect of tarsal and metatarsal bone 3. Action: foot dorsiflexion and inversion

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Extensor hallucis longus 1. Origin: medial surface of fibula 2. Insertion: dorsal aspect of phalanx of great toe 3. Action: toe extension (dorsiflexion)

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Extensor digitorum longus 1. Origin: medial surface of fibula and lateral tibial condyle 2. Insertion: dorsal aspect of phalanges 2-5 3. Action: toe extension 2-5 (foot dorsiflexion and eversion)

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Fibularis (peroneus) longus 1. Origin: head of fibula 2. Insertion: tarsal and metatarsal bone 3. Action: foot plantar flexion (foot eversion)

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Fibularis (peroneus) brevis 1. Origin: lateral surface of fibula 2. Insertion: metatarsal bone 5 3. Action: foot plantar flexion (foot eversion)

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Gastrocnemius 1. Origin: - lateral head: posterior aspect of lateral femoral condyle - medial head: posterior aspect of medial femoral condyle 2. Insertion: posterior aspect of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon 3. Action: foot plantar flexion + leg flexion

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Soleus 1. Origin: soleal line and posterior aspect of proximal fibula 2. Insertion: posterior aspect of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon 3. Action: foot plantar flexion

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Tibialis posterior 1. Origin: posterior aspect of tibia and fibula 2. Insertion: medial-plantar aspect of tarsal and metatarsal bones 3. Action: foot plantar flexion (foot inversion)

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Popliteus 1. Origin: lateral condyle of femur 2. Insertion: posterior surface of proximal tibia 3. Action: unlocks knee joint + knee joint stabilization

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Flexor digitorum longus 1. Origin: posterior aspect of tibia 2. Insertion: plantar aspect of digits 2-5 3. Action: toe flexion (foot plantar flexion and foot inversion)

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Flexor hallucis longus 1. Origin: posterior surface of fibula 2. Insertion: plantar aspect of phalanx of big toe 3. Action: big toe flexion (plantar flexion and foot inversion)

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Gracilis 1. Origin: body of pubis 2. Insertion: medial surface of tibia 3. Action: thigh flexion + adduction (leg flexion and internal rotation)

Name + OIA

Rectus femoris 1. Origin: anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) 2. Insertion: tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament 3. Action: thigh flexion and leg extension

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Vastus lateralis 1. Origin: greater trochanter of femur 2. Insertion: tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament 3. Action: leg extension

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Vastus intermedius 1. Origin: anterior aspect of femoral shaft 2. Insertion: tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon 3. Action: leg extension

Name + OIA

Vastus medialis 1. Origin: Intertrochanteric line of femur 2. Insertion: tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon 3. Action: leg extension

Name + OIA

Sartorius 1. Origin: anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) 2. Insertion: proximal end of tibia 3. Action: thigh flexion + abduction or leg flexion (thigh external rotation or leg internal rotation)

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Biceps femoris 1. Origin: - long head: ischial tuberosity - short head: linea aspera of femur 2. Insertion: head of fibula 3. Action: thigh extension and leg flexion (thigh external rotation + leg external rotation)

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Semitendinosus 1. Origin: ischial tuberosity 2. Insertion: proximal end of medial condyle of tibia 3. Action: thigh extension + leg flexion (thigh internal rotation and leg internal rotation)

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Semimembranosus 1. Origin: ischial tuberosity 2. Insertion: medial condyle of tibia 3. Action: leg flexion (internal rotation of leg and stabilizes pelvis)

Name

Occipitofrontalis

Name

Corrugator supercilii

Name

Nasalis

Name

Levator labii superioris

Name

Depressor labii inferioris

Name

Depressor angulus oris

Name

Zygomaticus major

Name

Orbicularis oris

Name

Orbicularis oculi

Name

Buccinator

Name

Risorius

Name

Mentalis

Name

Superior rectus

Name

Inferior rectus

Name

Lateral rectus

Name

Medial rectus

Name

Inferior oblique

Name

Superior oblique

Name

Levator palpabrae superioris

Name

Masseter

Name

Temporalis

Name

Lateral pterygoid

Name

Medial pterygoid

Name

Sternocleidomastoid

Name

Semispinalis capitis

Name

Splenius capitis

Name

Longissimus capitis

Name

External oblique

Name

Linea albea

Name

Rectus abdominis

Name

Transverse abdominis

Name

Internal oblique

Name

Quadratus lumborum

Name

Central sulcus

Name

Postcentral gyrus

Name

Precentral gyrus

Name

Parieto-occipital sulcus

Name

Lateral sulcus

Name

Corpus callosum

Name

Longitudinal fissure

Name (gray matter only)

Cerebral cortex

Name the cortex located here within the precentral gyrus

Primary motor cortex

Name the cortex located here within the post-central gyrus

Primary somatosensory cortex

Name

Cingulate gyrus

Name

Primary visual cortex

Name

Midbrain

Name

Tectum

Name

Tegmentum

Name

Inferior colliculus

Name

Superior colliculus

Name

Pons

Name

Medulla

Name

Thalamus

Name

Hypothalamus

Name

Frontal lobe

Name

Parietal lobe

Name

Temporal lobe

Name

Occipital lobe

Name