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AGRI 31: Fundamentals of Crop Science > Lab Exercise 1 - Identification and Classification of Crops > Flashcards

Lab Exercise 1 - Identification and Classification of Crops Flashcards

1
Q

How are crops described and judged?

A

based on similarity of morphological charateristics, henced assessed features of the crop are associated with its common or scientific name

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2
Q

what are used to formally identify crops?

A

scientific names

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3
Q

True or False:

Common names are used to identify crops

A

False, because common names of plants differ from language to language

scientific names are used to formally identify crops

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4
Q

scientific names are assigned by ICN

what does ICN stand for?

A

International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants

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5
Q

aside from ICN, ICNCP also assigns the rules for scientific names

What does ICNCP stand for?

A

International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants

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6
Q

True or False:

Each crop has only one scientific name

A

True, there is only one accepted legitimate scientific name but nomenclature changes through time

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7
Q

formal system used to identify crops at the species level

A

binomial nomenclature

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8
Q

the binomial nomenclature has two parts; the first part is a generic name and the second part identifies the crop’s species

What does the first part identifies?

A

the crop’s genus

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9
Q

the binomial nomenclature has two parts; the first part is a generic name and the second part identifies the crop’s species

What is the second part?

A

a specific epithet

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10
Q

Scientific names are in what language?

A

latin

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11
Q

True or False:

When writing a scientific name typewritten, it should be underlined per part

A

False, scientific names should be written:

if handwritten - underlined per part
if typewritten - italicized

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12
Q

True or False:

When scientific names are typewritten, it should be italicized

A

True

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13
Q

True or False:

Crop will only have one specific scientific name

A

False, although plants only have one legitimate accepted scientific name, nomenclature changes through time and names in the present can be turned to synonyms instead in the future

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14
Q

crop classification systems important in crop production discussed

A
  1. Botanical (General)
  2. Based on use or purpose for which the crop is grown
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15
Q

enumerate the different ways to classify crops based on the general classification

A
  1. according to the mode of reproduction
  2. according to life cycle
  3. according to growth habitat
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16
Q

What are the different classifications of crops according to the mode of reproduction?

A

sexual and asexual

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17
Q

plants that develop after undergoing meiosis and fertilization in the flower to produce a viable embryo in the seed

Bonus: How was the plant classified?

A

sexual

bonus: according to the mode of reproduction

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18
Q

plants that are produced by any vegetative means not involving meiosis and the union of gametes

bonus: Under what classification is this definition under?

A

asexual

bonus: general/botanical classification of crops

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19
Q

How can you produce a plant asexually?

bonus: give specific examples

A

by any vegetative means

bonus: grafting, cuttings, tissue culture

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20
Q

True or False:

Crops can only either have sexual or asexual modes of reproduction

A

False, some crops have both sexual and asexual modes of repoduction

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21
Q

Does strawberries reproduce sexually or asexually?

A

Both, strawberries are able to reproduce through seeds and their vegetative parts

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22
Q

classification of plants according to their life cycle

A

annuals, biennials, perennials

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23
Q

plants that does not die after flowering and lives from year to year

A

perennials

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24
Q

Modified True or False:

Biennials complete their cycle in one growing season

A

False, annuals complete their cycle in one growing season while biennials requires two years or at least part of two growing seasons with a dormant period between growth stages to complete their life cycle

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25
Q

classification of cabbage according to their life cycle

A

biennial

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26
Q

True or False:

the biological life cycle and life cycle in cultivation of carrots and cabbages is two growing seasons

A

False, carrots and cabbages are biennials according to their biological life cycle but both crops are harvested before flowering for higher economic yield

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27
Q

a carrot’s and cabbage’s biological life cycle and _______ are different

A

life cycle in cultivation

both crops are harvested before they flower

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28
Q

Why are carrots and cabbages harvested before they finish their biological life cycle?

bonus: When are they harvested?

A

for higher economic yield

bonus: before flowering; after one growing season

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29
Q

the life cycle of carrots and cabbages in cultivation

A

annual

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30
Q

Which of the following are succulent plants?

shrubs, herbs, trees, vines, liana

A

herbs and vines

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31
Q

True or False:

vines are succulent plants without self-supporting stems

A

true

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32
Q

True or False:

herbs are succulent plants with self-supporting stems

A

true

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33
Q

Modified True or False:

Shrubs are succulent plants without self-supporting stems

A

False

Possible answers:

vines are succulent plants without self-supporting stems

shrubs may have several main branches with no trunk and rarely grows higher than 5 meters

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34
Q

Modified True or False:

Shrubs rarely grows higher than 5 meters

A

True

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35
Q

plants with a single central stem to which branches are attached and are usually taller than a shrub

A

tree

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36
Q

True or False::

Shrubs have a trunk

A

False

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37
Q

What is a liana?

A

long-stemmed woody vines that are rooted in soil and use trees and other structures for vertical support

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38
Q

Crops are often characterized at what time of their developmental stage?

Bonus: Why?

A

reproductive maturity

Bonus: most crops are often herbaceous at germination and vegetative stages but are ultimately woody at maturity

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39
Q

grasses grown for their grains

A

cereals/grain crops

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40
Q

crops grown for pods and seeds

A

legumes

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41
Q

crops grown for enlarged or tuberous roots

A

root crops

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42
Q

crops grown for their fibers used in textile, cordage, twines, sacks, bags, etc.

A

fiber crops

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43
Q

What are oil crops?

bonus: give an example

A

crops grown for their oil content

bonus: soybean, peanut, sunflower, castor, coconut, lumbang (candlenut), safflower

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44
Q

examples of sugar crops

A

sugarcane, sugarbeet

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45
Q

crops grown to be used as roughage source for animals

A

pasture or forage crops

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46
Q

para grass, napier grass, and guinea grass are examples of ________

bonus: What classification is used?

A

grasses

bonus: based on use or purpose for which the crop is grown

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47
Q

coffee, tea, and cacao are examples of ________

bonus: give the definition of your answer

A

beverage crops

crops grown to be used for brewing non-alcoholic drinks

48
Q

crops used to provide special flavor, scent, and color to food and other products

bonus: give an example

A

spices, condiments, and essences

bonus: black pepper, vanilla, citronella, ilang-ilang, annatto

49
Q

definition of latex and resins

bonus: give an example

A

used for extracting sap from the trunk or stem

bonus: rubber, chico, pili, rimas, papaya

50
Q

crops with curative, laxative, and pesticidal properties

A

medicinal and poison crops

51
Q

usually eaten with staple crops

bonus: Can it be further classified? If yes, how?

A

vegetables

bonus: according to similarities in the method of culture

52
Q

How can vegetables be further classified? Enumerate the different classifications

A

according to similarities in the method of culture

root, leafy, stem, flower, fruit

53
Q

what are fruits?

bonus: Under what classification are fruits?

A

edible botanical fruits usually used for dessert which may be eaten raw, cooked, or in processed form

bonus: based on use or purpose for which crop is grown

54
Q

enumerate the different classifications of fruits

A

small fruit, nut fruit, tree fruit

55
Q

plants cultivated mainly for their aesthetic value

bonus: Can it be classified further? How?

A

ornamentals

bonus: according to their special uses

56
Q

plants grown for its flowers

bonus: give an example

A

cut flowers or florist crops

bonus: gladiolus, roses, daisies, chrysanthemum, anthriums, orchids

57
Q

give an example of florist greens

bonus: what is another name for florist greens?

A

ferns, asparagus, fortune plant, palmera (butterfly palm)

bonus: cut-foliage

58
Q

definition of cut-foliage

bonus: Under what type is cut-foliage based on use or purpose for which the crop is grown?

A

foliage which provides the background in floral arrangement

bonus: ornamentals

59
Q

difference between cut flowers and flowering pot plants

A

both are grown for their flowers but flowering pot plants are grown in containers and their flowers are usually used for display purposes

60
Q

give an example of flowering pot plants

A

kalanchoe, African violets, poinsettia

61
Q

plants used for landscaping purposes such as ground cover, barrier, specimen, edging, accents, filler, etc.

bonus: give an example

A

landscape plants

bonus: blue palm, white grass, Bangkok kalachuchi, song of India

62
Q

Modified True or False:
Landscape plants are used in lawns or greens

A

False

Possible Answers:

Turfs are used in lawns or greens

Landscape plants are used for landscaping purposes

63
Q

plants grown for attractive folliage for decoration

bonus: where are they grown: indoors or outdoors?

A

foliage plants

bonus: both

64
Q

examples of turf

bonus: Turf is a type of ornamental, according to what is turf further classified?

A

bermudagrass, carabao grass, bluegrass

bonus: according to special uses

65
Q

plants used in lawns or greens

A

turf

66
Q

For agricultural censuses, FAO developed the ICC

What does FAO stand for?

A

Food Agricultural Organization

67
Q

For agricultural censuses, FAO developed the ICC

What does ICC stand for?

bonus: Why is it recommeded to use ICC for agricultural censuses?

A

Indicative Crop Classification

bonus: because in this mode of classification, a particular crop is classified only once regardless of its use and purpose, hence using ICC would help ease global crop inventory and production data processing

68
Q

a crop that is plowed under while still green and growing to improve the soil

A

green manure

69
Q

any crop grown to provie soil cover, prevent soil erosion by wind or water, improve soil, and control weeds

A

cover crop

70
Q

a crop sown with another crop and harvested seperately

A

companion crop

71
Q

Modified True or False:

When a companion crop is sown with another crop, the combination benefits either or both of the crops

A

True

72
Q

give an example of a companion crop and how it is used

A

small-grain cereal crops sown with forage crops (grasses or legumes)

living ipil-ipil used as live trellis for black pepper

73
Q

definition of trap crop

A

crop planted to protect the main crop from pests by attracting the pest to the crop itself and later destroying it

74
Q

definition of catch crop

A

a short-seasoned crop grown immediately after the failure of the main crop to utilize residual resources

75
Q

Given ____ as the main crop, a sweet potato is an example of _______ with its job is to trap ______

A

rice
trap crop
rats

76
Q

given rice as the main crop, after a typhoon, mustard and pechay is planted immediately

what are pechay and mustard in this scenaraio?

A

catch crops

77
Q

differenc between soilage and silage

A

both are grasses grown and cut but soilage is directly fed to animals while silage are fermented and preserved first after being cut before being fed to animals

78
Q

significance of identification of crops

A

essential in agriculture, particularly in propagation, collection, weed, and toxic plant discrimination

79
Q

Differentiate each systems of classification of crops

A
  • Artificial system: basis of grouping is the structure or feature
  • Natural system: based on the most prominent and the most peculiar morphological structure of the plant
  • Phylogenetic system: according to their evolutionary status
80
Q

Give the scientific name, growth habit, life cycle, and mode of reproduction of malunggay

A

Moringa oleifera, tree/shrub, perennial, sexual/asexual

81
Q

Give the scientific name, growth habit, life cycle, and mode of reproduction of avocado

A

Persea americana, tree, perennial, sexual/asxual

82
Q

Give the scientific name, growth habit, life cycle, and mode of reproduction of sweet potato

A

Ipomoea batatas, herb, annual/perennial, asexual/sexual

83
Q

Give the scientific name, growth habit, life cycle, and mode of reproduction of rambutan

A

Nephelium lappaceum, tree, annual/perennial, asexual/sexual

84
Q

Give the scientific name, growth habit, life cycle, and mode of reproduction of corn

A

Zea mays, herb, annual, sexual

85
Q

Give the scientific name, growth habit, life cycle, and mode of reproduction of cassava

A

Manihot esculenta, shrub, annual/perennial, sexual/asexual

86
Q

Give the scientific name, growth habit, life cycle, and mode of reproduction of gabi

A

Colocasia esculenta, herb, perennial, asexual

87
Q

Give the scientific name, growth habit, life cycle, and mode of reproduction of rice plant

A

Oryza sativa, herb, annual, sexual

88
Q

Give the scientific name, growth habit, life cycle, and mode of reproduction of coconut

A

Cocos nucifera, tree (palm), perennial, sexual/asexual

89
Q

Give the scientific name, growth habit, life cycle, and mode of reproduction of pomelo

A

Citrus maxima, tree, perennial, sexual

90
Q

Give the scientific name, growth habit, life cycle, and mode of reproduction of bignay

A

Antidesma bunius, tree, perennial, sexual/asexual

91
Q

Give the scientific name, growth habit, life cycle, and mode of reproduction of potato

A

Solanum tuberosum, herb, perennial/annual, asexual

92
Q

Give the scientific name, growth habit, life cycle, and mode of reproduction of mung bean

A

Vigna radiata, herb, annual, sexual

93
Q

Give the scientific name, growth habit, life cycle, and mode of reproduction of kapeng barako

A

Coffea liberica, small tree/large shrub, perennial, sexual/asexual

94
Q

Give the scientific name, growth habit, life cycle, and mode of reproduction of papaya

A

Carica papaya, herb, perennial, sexual/asexual

95
Q

Give the scientific name, growth habit, life cycle, and mode of reproduction of onion

A

Allium cepa, herb, annual, sexual/asexual

96
Q

Give the scientific name, growth habit, life cycle, and mode of reproduction of lanzones

A

Lansium domesticum, tree, perennial, sexual

97
Q

Give the scientific name, growth habit, life cycle, and mode of reproduction of pili

A

Canarium ovatum, tree, perennial, sexual

98
Q

Moringa oleifera

A

malunggay

99
Q

Persea americana

A

Avocado

100
Q

Ipomoea batatas

A

sweet potato

101
Q

Nephelium lappaceum

A

Rambutan

102
Q

Zea mays

A

Corn

103
Q

Manihot esculenta

A

Cassava

104
Q

Colocasia esculenta

A

Gabi

105
Q

Oryza sativa

A

Rice Plant

106
Q

Cocos nucifera

A

Coconut

107
Q

Citrus maxima

A

Pomelo

108
Q

Antidesma bunius

A

Bignay

109
Q

Solanum tuberosum

A

potato

110
Q

Vigna radiata

A

mung bean

111
Q

Coffea liberica

A

kapeng barako

112
Q

Carica papaya

A

Papaya

113
Q

Allium cepa

A

onion

114
Q

Lansium domesticum

A

lanzones

115
Q

Canarium ovatum

A

pili

116
Q

scientific name of tomato

A

Solanum lycopersicum

117
Q

synonym of Solanum lycopersicum

A

Lycopersicon esculentum

AGRI 31: Fundamentals of Crop Science (1 decks)

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