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Bio 345 Lab Final > Lab Final > Flashcards

Lab Final Flashcards

(69 cards)

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1
Q

Taxis

A

oriented movement with respect to a gradient

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2
Q

Behaviour

A

the actions and reactions of whole organisms

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3
Q

What do euglena have

A
  • chloroplasts for photosynthesis

- flagella for movement

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4
Q

what are used for light detection in Euglena

A

stigma

- consists of pigment shield and photoreceptor

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5
Q

What kind of phototactic is euglena

A

positively phototactic to low light intensity

negatively phototactic to bright light and darkness

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6
Q

what is the primary leaflet, secondary leaflet, petiole

A

Figure B page 8

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7
Q

what is the motor organ in mimosa pudica

A

pulvinus

- bulb shaped mass of cells at the bottom of each petiole

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8
Q

how does the transfer of stimulus occur in Mimosa pudica?

A

AP… hormone potentially

  • transferred at high rate due to the plasmodesmata through pores
  • depol causes K efflux and water follows this
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9
Q

The movements of Mimosa are referred to as ______ movements

A

nastic

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10
Q

what are the 3 major classes of Cnidaria

A

Anthozoa (sea Anemone)
Scyphozoa (jellyfish)
Hydrozoa

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11
Q

what do Cnidaria posess

A

Nematocysts

  • used for defense and prey capture
  • discharge by mechanical or chemical stimulia tion
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12
Q

Sensory structures in Cnidaria (2)

A
  • Ocelli (light perception)

- Statocysts (gravity perception)

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13
Q

what were the 2 latin names for the Anthozoa (sea anemone) species that were used in the lab

A
  • Anthopleura elegantissima

- Metridium senile

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14
Q

What happened when Anthropleura elegantissima and Metridium senile were touched

A

both closed up

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15
Q

Food results for Anthropleura elegantissima and Metridium senile

A

AE can grab large food, injest the large food

MS can’t grab large food, can grab tiny food particles in the broth

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16
Q

Nudibranch results for Anthropleura

A

strong antipredator response of the Anthropleura to the shaggy seamouse (Aeolidia papillosa)

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17
Q

what are the names of the 2 jellyfish used in lab 2

A
  1. Polyorchis penicillatus

2. Gonionemus vertens

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18
Q

What sensory structure does Polyorchis penicillatus have

A

ocelli

  • can detect light
  • have a strong shadow response!! REFLEX
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19
Q

Gonionemus vertens

A

no ocelli

  • NO shadow response
  • don’t have light sensor organs
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20
Q

what jellyfish somersaults

A

Gonionemus vertens

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21
Q

what are behaviour patterns

A

probabilistic sequence of behavioural acts, single behavioural acts, or simultaneous cluster of behavioural acts

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22
Q

behavioural patterns in Gonionemus

A

somersaulting, tentacle anchoring, swimming

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23
Q

how does somersaulting occur in Gonionemus

A

inversion of the medusa as it strikes the water surface

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24
Q

Flatworm phylum

A

platyhelminthes

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25
what are the lateral projections of the head of flatworms called?
auricles | - highest concentration of ciliary R on auricles and tentacles
26
Latin name for the flatworms used in this lab
Dugesia drotocephala
27
what is important for both operant and classical conditioning
time - CC - conditioned stimulus is presented immediately prior - OC - close temporal connection between action and reward
28
classical conditioning
association of a reinforcement with the conditioned stimulus
29
operant conditioning
new action on the animals part will alleviate a need
30
Latin name for Annelid in lab 3&4 experiment
Lumbricus terrestris (goes towards preferable substrate - dirt... if enough trials would go to where the dirt should be)
31
2 classes of annelids
- Polychaeta | - Oligochaeta
32
Latin name for cricket in lab 3&4
Acheta domesticus
33
what do female crickets have for laing eggs in the ground
ovipositor
34
what do crickets have that have movable sensory hairs that possess different directional sensitivities
cerci
35
crickets have
big neurons fast communication
36
latin name for the crabs
Hemigrapsus nudus | Hemigrapsus oregonensis
37
latin name for snail used in lab
Lymnaea stagnalis
38
what kind of phototactic are snails
positively phototactic
39
Echinoderm classes (3)
Stelleroidea (sea stars) Echinoidea (sea urchin) Holothuroidea (sea cucumber)
40
Mollusc classes
Gastropoda Bivalvia Cephalopoda
41
what do echinoderms use for locomotion
podia
42
crickets results
should show predator avoidance behaviours | - cerci... when put enough wind close to the individual would see them respond
43
Crabs results
show attraction to potential mates - if you have 2 of the same sex the expected behaviour is that they move away from one another (especially if large size difference)
44
Flatworm results
train them to stop turning LEFT
45
leather star and mussel name
Dermasterias (leather star) | Mytilus (Mussel)
46
what are the expected results for the leather star and mussel experiment
Dermasterias everts its stomach when feeding on bivalves (mussels)
47
what is the main predator used in experiment 4
Pycnopodia helianthoides
48
what is the latin name of the keyhole limpet
Diodora aspera
49
expected results for keyhole limpet experiment
emergence of the mantle
50
what is the sea urchin latin name used in experiment 4
Strongylocentrotus
51
expected response in sea urchiin experiment
retract immediately if something sharp touches them and will point all their spines toward the area being poked
52
latin name for scallop
Chlamys hastata
53
latin name for sea cucumber
Parastichopus
54
expectation for scallop experiment
claps its valves when swimming away
55
cockle latin name
Clinocardium nuttallii
56
expected results in cockle experiment
uses foot to escape (and also burrow)
57
what is the snail used in experiment 4
Tegula funebralis
58
Genus name for crayfish used in experiment 5
Procambarus clarkii
59
definition of agnostic behaviour
any sort of adaptation which is connected with a contest or conflict between two animals whether fighting or escaping
60
3 factors that affect the outcome of aggressive contests
size, sex, previous experience
61
3 categories for agnostic behaviour
- investigative behaviour - aggressive behaviour - avoidance behaviour
62
example of investigative behaviour
antenna pointing
63
example of aggressive behaviour
- meral spread - following - pushing - approaching - antennae whipping
64
example of avoidance behaviour
- backing - abdomen flexing - walking away
65
latin name for siamese fighting fish
Betta splendens
66
What organ do betta splendens have and what does it do
labrynth organ | - allows animals to absorb air gulped at the surface and therefore live in stagnant waters
67
Male colour patterns | - females show the same behaviours as males including nest activities
1. Non-displaying (uniform colour) 2. Displaying (colour deepens and intensifies, dark head) 3. Submissive (pale, 2 longitudinal lines on body)
68
Female colour patterns
1. Non-displaying (pale, neutral colour) 2. Displaying (colour deepens and intensifies, head DOES NOT turn dark) 3. Submissive (same as male ; pale and 2 lines) 4. Reproductive (unripe: 5-7 dark lines against pale gold bodies) (Gravid: gold patch on belly and dark bars) - As courtship progresses the bars become less apparent as the female's whole colouring darkens
69
5 Betta splendens behaviours directed at a conspecific
1. Approach 2. Facing or broadside 3. Raised opercula 4. Bite 5. Tail beat

Bio 345 Lab Final (1 decks)

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