Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Dr Rhonda Nelson - Blood Chemistry > Lab panels 1 > Flashcards

Lab panels 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Types of RBC

A

Hemoglobin
Hematocrit
MCV
MCH
MCHC
RDW

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Blood made up of

A

RBC
Platelets
WBC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Types of WBC (5)

A

Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Eosinophiles
Basophiles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Lab RBC

A

Standard:
-Male 4.2 - 5.8
-Female 3.8 - 5.1

Optimal:
M 4.2 - 4.9
F 3.9 - 4.5

ALARM:
-M > 5.8
-F > 5.1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Nutrients NB for RBC (10)

A

Iron, copper, zinc
Manganese, Vit C, B1, B3, B6, B12, folate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Anemia vs dehydration

A

Decreased RBC - anemia
Increased relative RBC concentration - Decreased blood plasma d/t dehydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Short term dehydration labs

A

Hemoglobin
<14.5 (F)
<15 M

Hematocrit
<44% F
<48% M

RBC
<4.5 F
<4.9 M

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Long term dehydration

A

Albumin >5.0
BUN >16
Total protein >7.4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cx decreased RBC (6)

A

Anemia (iron, B12/folate, B6 and copper)
Internal bleeding /loss
Nutrient deficiency
Inflammation
Pregnancy
Chronic dx: ca, AI, kidney dx, sickle cell, thalassemia or hemolytic anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cx RBC increased (5)

A

Dehydration
Hypoxia
Respiratory dx
Polycythemia Vera
Spleen hypofxn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Basics Hemoglobin (3)

A

Oxygen carrying molecule of RBC
HGB is in direct proportion to O2 binding capacity of blood
Testosterone use can = increased HGB and HCT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Hemoglobin Labs

A

Standard:
11.7 - 15.5 F
13.2 - 17.1 M

Optimal:
13.5 - 14.5 F
14 - 15 M

Alarm range
> 15.5 F
>17.1 M

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Hemoglobin (anemia vs dehydration)

A

Decreased HGB = decreased RBC or anemia

Increased HGB = increased RBC production or decreased volume (dehydration)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Hematocrit

A

Measures % of RBCs in blood
Increased HCT = increased marrow production
Decreased HCT = blood loss or increased RBC destruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hematocrit Labs

A

SRR:
F 35% - 45%
M 38.5% g 50%

Optimal
F 37 - 44%
M 40-48%

Alarm range
F<32 or > 55%
M <32 or > 55

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Hematocrit Decreased

A

Anemia
Nutrient def
Pregnancy
Bone marrow insufficiency
Increased breakdown of spleen or liver
Chronic dx

17
Q

Hematocrit increased

A

Dehydration
Exogenous testosterone or hormone use
Hypoxia
Respiratory dx
Smoking
Polycythemia Vera
Spleen hypofxn

18
Q

Hemoglobin management

A
19
Q

Hematocrit management

A
20
Q

Reticulocyte count

A

Young RBC

SRR 0.5 - 1.5
Optimal 0.5 - 1.5
Alarm >3

(microscopic bleeds, sickle cell, thalassemia)

21
Q

Reticulocyte count

A

Increased- occult bleeding, increased haemolysis

Decreased - anemia

22
Q

Anemia vs dehydration

A

Anemia - low RBC, hemoglobin and hematocrit

Dehydration - high RBC, hemoglobin and hematocrit

23
Q

MCV

A

Mean capsular volume
Measures volume or size of RBC

Indicates: cell is normal, microcytic or macrocytic

May be normal with folic acid or iron deficiency anemia

SRR: 81 - 99
Optimal : 82 - 89.9
Alarm >99

24
Q

MCV optimal and inc vs dec

A

82 - 89.9

Decreased:
Iron deficient anemia
B6 anemia
Heavy menstruation
Vitamin C def

Increased:
B12/folate anemia
Hypochlohydria
Alcoholism
Hypothyroid
Liver dx
Pernicious anemia

25
Q

MCH what is it?

A

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin

Average weight of hemoglobin in RBC

Along with MCV can determine if B6, B12 or folic acid anemia

26
Q

MCH labs

A

SRR
26 - 33

Optimal
28 - 31.9

Alarm > 33

27
Q

MCHC what is it and labs

A

Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin concentration

Measures then concentration of hemoglobin in RBC

SRR 32 - 36

Optimal 32 - 35

Alarm >36

28
Q

MCV, MCH and MCHC

A

All increased: Hypochlohydria/b12/folate

All Decreased: iron deficiency, B6, heavy bleeding, vit C def

29
Q

What is RDW

A

Random disturbution weight

Indicates consistency of size

Elevated RDW associated with folic / b12 anemia

30
Q

RDW labs

A

SRR 11 - 15

Optimal 11.7 - 13

Alarm >16

31
Q

Anemia - 5 primary classifications

A

Nutritional anemia
Anemia of chronic dx or inflammation
Hemolytic anemia (abnormal RBC breakdown)
Abnormal hemoglobin (thalassemia and sickle cell)
Aplastic anemia (bone marrow dysfunction)

32
Q

Symptoms of anemia

A

Central - fatigue, dizziness, fainting
Muscular - weakness
Respiratory - shortness of breath
Intestinal - changed stool colour
Eye - yellowing
Heart - palpitations, rapid HR, chest pain, angina, heart attack
Skin - paleness, coldness, yellowness
Spleen - enlarged

33
Q

Nutrient-deficient Anemia

A

Most commom: iron and folate/B12

20% woman
50% pregnancy
3% men

RBC, HGB, HCT key markers

34
Q

Deficient vegans anemia symptoms

A

Craving ice
Craving dark chocolate

35
Q

Nutrient-deficient Anemia sxs symptoms

A

Pale skin
Non - distinct lip colour
Vertigo
Frequent / low grade headaches
Tinnitus
Pounding pulse
Fatigue / drowsiness
Irritability
Poor brain function

Immune compromise pale mucous membranes /nail beds
Shortness of breath after minimal effort
Fissures( pointing down) of mouth
Concave/brittle nails
Husky voice
Tongue inflammation
Difficulty swallowing
Depression / anxiety

36
Q

Anemia quick screen

A

Eyes for yellowing
Lip colour
Capillary refill

37
Q

N-D anemia common causes

A

Poor iron intake
Hypochlohydria
Maldigestion
Nut deficiency
Malabsorption
Long term vegan/veg diet
Heavy menstrual bleeding
Uterine fibroids
Hemorrhoids
Occult GI bleeding (ulcers polyps, NSAID use)
Pregnancy
Intestinal parasites

38
Q

Other Underlying causes of ND anemia

A

Decreased RBC bone marrow
Chemical suppression
Dysfunction
Increased RBC destruction (sickle cell anemia)
Increased number of RBCs held in spleen due to hypertension or chemo

39
Q

Serum markers for anemia

A

Primary:
RBC, HGB, HCT
Secondary (for type):
MCV, MCH, MCHC
Iron panel

Dr Rhonda Nelson - Blood Chemistry (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions