Lab Practical #1: Skeletal and Muscular Anatomy(Shark)

Question 1

Pelvic fin extensor

Answer 1

extends the pelvic fin

Question 2

Branchial arches

Answer 2

anterior five paired arches of the splanchnocranium

Question 3

Trigeminofacial foramen

Answer 3

posterior opening of the eye orbit where facial and trigeminal nerves pass

Question 4

Mandibular arch

Answer 4

anterior most visceral arch of the splanchnocranium

Question 5

Cucallaris

Answer 5

elevates scapular process(dorsal to dorsal superficial constrictors)

Question 6

Occipital condyles

Answer 6

Protrusions ventral and lateral to the foramen magnum

Question 7

Pectoral fin extensor

Question 8

Myosepta

Answer 8

sheets of connective trunk tissue

Question 9

Ceratohyal cartilage

Answer 9

ventral paired elements of the hyoid arch

Question 10

Scapular cartilage

Answer 10

dorsal, distal portion of the scapulocoracoid bar

Question 11

eye orbit

Answer 11

houses the eyes

Question 12

Palatoquadrate

Answer 12

upper jaw(part of mandibular arch)

Question 13

Adductor mandibulae

Answer 13

elevates lower jaw(angle of jaw)

Question 14

Propterygium

Answer 14

anterior basal pterygiophore

Question 15

External nares

Answer 15

openings into the nasal capsule

Question 16

Epibranchial cartilage

Answer 16

dorsolateral branchial cartilage

Question 17

Hypaxial muscle

Answer 17

ventrolateral trunk muscle

Question 18

Pelvic fin flexor

Answer 18

flexes the pelvic fin

Question 19

preorbital process

Answer 19

anterior of eye orbit

Question 20

Interhyoideus

Answer 20

compresses gill pouches(dorsal to intermandibularis)

Question 21

Basal plate

Answer 21

posterior to the basitrabecular process

Question 22

Dorsal superficial constrictors

Answer 22

compresses gill pouches(dorsal to external gill slits)

Question 23

postorbital process

Answer 23

posterior of eye orbit

Question 24

Ceratotrichia

Answer 24

distal most fin rays

Question 25

Rostral fenestrae

Answer 25

openings on either side of the rostral keel

Question 26

Mesopterygium

Answer 26

central basal pterygiophore

Question 27

Radial pterygiophores

Answer 27

distal to the basal pterygiophores

Question 28

Ceratobranchial cartilage

Answer 28

ventral branchial cartilage

Question 29

Optic foramen

Answer 29

anterior opening of the eye orbit where the optic nerve passes

Question 30

supraorbital crest

Answer 30

central crest of eye orbit

Question 31

Pubic fin extensor

Answer 31

extends the pubic fin

Question 32

Clasper

Answer 32

male sex organ

Question 33

Basibranchial cartilage

Answer 33

central branchial cartilage

Question 34

Scapulocoracoid bar

Answer 34

U-shaped complex of the pectoral girdle

Question 35

Suprascapular cartilage

Answer 35

medial, curved ends of the U

Question 36

Spiracularis

Answer 36

elevates upper jaw(anterior to the spiracle)

Question 37

Pubic fin flexor

Answer 37

flexes the pubic fin

Question 38

Hyomandibular cartilage

Answer 38

paired epibranchial elements of the hyoid arch

Question 39

Hyoid arch

Answer 39

second visceral arch of the splanchnocranium

Question 40

Epaxial muscle

Answer 40

dorsolateral trunk muscle

Question 41

Pharyngobranchial cartilage

Answer 41

dorsomedial branchial cartilage

Question 42

Iliac process

Answer 42

anterior projections of the puboischiadic bar

Question 43

Spine

Answer 43

protrusion of the clasper

Question 44

What vertebrae does the shark have?

Answer 44

caudal and trunk

Question 45

Meckel's cartilage

Answer 45

lower jaw(part of the mandibular arch)

Question 46

Rostrum

Answer 46

anterior projection overhanging the mouth

Question 47

Metapterygium

Answer 47

posterior basal pterygiophore

Question 48

Intermandibularis

Answer 48

elevates mouth floor/ reduces volume of mouth(angle of jaw)

Question 49

Myomeres

Answer 49

serially arranged trunk muscle blocks

Question 50

Foramen magnum

Answer 50

posterior opening of the chondrocranium through which the spinal cord passes

Question 51

Basitrabecular process

Answer 51

posterior to and between the eye orbits

Question 52

Puboischiadic bar

Answer 52

bar connecting the pelvic fins

Question 53

Basihyal cartilage

Answer 53

central element of the hyoid arch

Question 54

Ventral superficial constrictors

Answer 54

compresses gill pouches(between external gill slits)

Question 55

Levator palatoquadrati

Answer 55

elevates upper jaw(anterior to spiracularis)

Question 56

nasal capsule

Answer 56

lateral to the rostrum

Question 57

Rostral keel

Answer 57

center dividing line of the rostrum

Question 58

Coracoarcual

Answer 58

depresses lower jaw(posterior to intermandibularis)

Question 59

Horizontal septum

Answer 59

sheet of connective tissue separating lateral trunk musculature

Question 60

Coracoid bar

Answer 60

ventral portion of the scapulocoracoid bar