Lab Practical Flashcards
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Plantae
(Chlorophyta/Green Algae)
Volvox
- Autotroph/Filled w/ chlorophyl
- Closest living relative to land plants
- Colonly filled with tiney algae w/ tiny redspot
- have two flagella
- move in one direction to or from light
- Vegetetative Cells
- Daughter colony (asexual reproduction)
- Zygotes (sexual reproduction)
- Movement via cilia
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Plantae - plants
Chlorophyta/Green Algae
Volvox
- Vegetative Cells
- Daughter colony (asexual)
- zygotes (sexual reproduction)
- Movement via cilia
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Plantae - Plants
Volvox
(Green Algae/Chlorophyta)
- vegetative cells
- daughter colony (asexual reproduction)
- zygotes (sexual reproduction)
- Autotroph
- Colonial
- No Cell Wall
- Cilia movement
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Plantae - plant
(Green Algae/Chlorophyta)
Spirogyra
- Cloroplast are in a spiral
- Autotroph
- Multicellular
- Cell Wall
- no movement
- no feeding
- Zygotes
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Stramenopila - “hairy flagella”
(Water Mold/Oomycete)
Saprolegnia
Gametes
- Male - antherida
- Female - oogonia
- Hyphase
- Causes “itch”
- Heterotroh
- Multicellular
- Cell Wall
- no special movement
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Alveolata -“alveoli” on ther cell membranes
(Ciliates)
Paramecium
- macronucleus- physiological processes
- micronucleus- sexual reproduction
- cilia (movement)
- pellicle
- oral groove - regulate by pulling water in and out of body (live in wide range of environments by regulating water inside body) –> mouth
- heterotroph
- contractile vacuole- osmoregulation
- sexual reproduction via conjugation
- unicellular
- no cell wall
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Plante
(Green Algae/Chlorophyta)
Oedogonium
- oogonium (female)
- antheridium (male)
- forms zygote when fuse
- Autotroph
- Multicellular
- Cell Wall
- No special movement
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Rhizaria -“root-like” pseudopods
(Foraminifera)
Forams
- ameoboid body inside shell
- calciferous shell (shell made from cacium carbonate)
- very abundant, when die form thick layer on ocean floor
- Heterotroph
- Unicellular
- Engulfs Food
- No Cell Wall
- pseudopods movement
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Excavata -“excavated” feeding groove on outside of cells
(Euglenid)
Euglena
- Pellicle
- Chloroplast (autotroph/photosynthesis)
- Eyespot
- Heterotroph/Autotroph
- Unicellular
- No Cell Wall
- Flagella movement
- Engulfs Food
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Stramenopila -“Hairy Flagella”
(Diatoms)
- Shell made from cilica (sharp/glass like)
- Useful for abbrasives materials
- Can be used to treat fleas or other insects
- Used in toothpaste
- Can slice things in tiny peices
- Have ameoboid body
- Autotrophic
- Multicellular
- Cell Wall (silica)
- Jet Propulsion movement
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Amoebozoa - move with “amoeboid” motion
(Lobose amoebae)
Amoeba
- No Cell Wall
- Amoeboid movement (pseudopodia)
- Shoots out pseudopodia and pulls body
- engulfs food by surrounding it
- heterotroph
- Unicellular
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Alveolata - move with “amoeboid” motion
(Dinoflagellates)
Ceratium
- two flagella - moves in 3 demensions
- produces toxins likely to cause food poisoning
- “armored” (theca) and “naked” - cell walls are armoured plates called theca
- Autotroph
- Unicellular
- Cell Wall
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Amoebozoa
(Plasmodial slime mold)
Physarum
- plasmodium for locomotion
- sporangia (spore producing structures for reproduction)
- No Cell Wall
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Excavata - “excavated” feeding groove on outside of cells
(Parabasilid)
Trichonympha
- cellulase enzyme (breaks down cellulose so termite can use)
- symbiotic relationships
- w/termites
- w/bacteria
- No Cell Wall
- flagella movement
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Excavata: “excavated” feeding groove on outside of cells
(Euglenid)
Euglena
- pellicle
- chloroplasts
- eyespot
- Autotroph & Heterotroph
- Unicellular
- Flagella Movement
- Engulf Food
- No Cell Wall
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Plantae
(Red Algae/Rhodophyta)
Polysiphonia
- Agar & carageenan
- phycoerythrin (pigement that photosynthezies)
- Autotroph
- multicellular
- cell wall
- commercially & biologically important
- no special movement
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Stramenopila - “hairy flagella”
(Brown Algae/Phaeophyta)
Postelsia “Sea Palm”
- Autotroph
- Multicellular
- Cell Wall
- Holdfast (hold fast in place, attached to bottom of ocean)
- Stripe (to reach surface so blade can get energy to photosynthesize)
- Blade
- no special movement
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Stramenpolia - “hairy flagella”
(Brown Algae/Phaeophyta)
Saragassum
- autotroph
- Multicellular
- Cell Wall
- Airbladders ( to keep boyount)
- stripe (to reach surface for blade)
- Holdfast (to hold in place at bottom of ocean)
- no special movement
Compare & Contrast the Domains
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Compare & Contrast Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes
Prokaryotes
- Lack membrane bound organelles
- No nuclear membrane
- Circular genome
- Small (1/10 size of Eukaryotes)
- Unicellular (but can form colonies)
- 70S ribosome for protein synthesis
Eukaryotes
- Membrane bound organelles
- Nuclear envelope
- Non-circular genome
- Large (10x larger than Prokaryotes)
- Unicellular and multi-cellular
- 80S ribosome for protein synthes
Eubacteria
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Eubacteria
- “True” Bacteria
- Peptidoglycan in cell wall (unique to this domain)
- Penicillin
Give examples of Eubacteria
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Gram positive bacteria
Gram negative bacteria
Cyanobacteria