Lab Practical

Question 1

Grignard

Starting material, reagents, and products

Answer 1

Stating material:

1. diethyl carbonate
2. Methyl benzoate

Reagent:
Prepared from 4-bronco-N,N-dimethylaniline

Product:
1. Crystal violet
Malachite green

Question 2

Microwave oxidation

Starting material, reagents, and products

Answer 2

Starting material:
9-hydroxy fluorene

Reagents:
CrO3, Resin, MW, CH2Cl2

Products:
9- fluorenone

Question 3

Williamson ether synthesis

Starting material, reagents, and products

Answer 3

Starting material:
Napthanol

Reagent:
Ethyl bromide and KOH

Product:
2-ethoxynapthalene

Question 4

Bromination of triphenylmethane

Starting material, reagents, and products

Answer 4

Starting material:
Triphenylmethane

Reagents:
NBS/ CH2Cl2/ AIBN

Products:
Bromo- triphenylmethane

Question 5

Diels- Alder

Starting material, reagents, and products

Answer 5

Starting material:
Cyclopentadiene and Maleic anhydride

Reagents:

Products:
Cis- norbornene-5,6- endodicarboxylic anhydride

Question 6

Isopentyl acetate

Starting material, reagents, and products

Answer 6

Starting material:
Isopentyl alcohol
Acetic acid

Reagent:
Acid

Product:
Isopentyl acetate

Question 7

Nitration of methyl benzoate

Starting material, reagents, and products

Answer 7

Starting material:
Methyl benzoate

Reagent:
Nitrous acid and sulfuric acid

Products:
Methyl m- nitrobenzoate

Question 8

Wittig Reaction

Starting material, reagents, and products

Answer 8

Starting material:
Cinnamaldehyde
Benzyltriphenylphosphonium chloride

Reagents:
Sodium ethoxide

Products:
1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadiene

Question 9

Aldol condensation 
(Starting material, reagents, and products)

Answer 9

Starting material:
3-nitrobenzaldehyde
Acetophenone

Reagent:
Base catalyzed

Product:
3-nitrochalcone

Question 10

Polymers and plastics

Starting material, reagents, and products

Answer 10

Starting material:

1. Ethylene glycol (and glycerol) with phthalic anhydride
2. Adipoyl chloride and hexamethylenediamine
3. Benzoyl peroxide and styrene

Reagents:
Acid catalyzed

Products:

1. Linear polyester
2. Nylon 6-6
3. Polystyrene

Question 11

Distillation

Answer 11

Used to find boiling point

Used to separate mixtures with different boiling points.

Vapor rises and hit thermometer, then is condensed in the condenser to a separate vial.

Question 12

Melting point apparatus

Answer 12

Use to determine melting point for purity

Set the temperature 20 C below the lit. Mp and 5 C above. Ramp rate= 2

Question 13

Reflux

Answer 13

Allows for heating for a long period of time while unsupervised.

The condenser keeps the solvent from evaporating

Question 14

TLC

Answer 14

Used to separate and analyze material

Take plate and spot mixtures evenly apart and 1 inch above the bottom.

Place in chamber (solvent filled in beaker, below the 1 inch line)

Cover and let sit until the solvent is 3/4 the way up the plate

Each spot corresponds to a separate component

Question 15

How to calculate Rf value

Answer 15

Distance travelled by material/ distance travelled by solvent.

Question 16

IR

Answer 16

Used to determine the structural information about a compound
C=O 1700 +/- 100 cm^-1
O-H 3300 broad
N=O 1500-1600