Lab Practical II

Question 1

CN I- function

Answer 1

smell, sensory

Question 2

CN II

Answer 2

optic nerve, optic foramen, vision/ sensory

Question 3

CN III

Answer 3

oculomotor
superior orbital fissure
motor- direct eyeball, move lid, constrict pupil

Question 4

CN IV

Answer 4

trochlear
superior orbital fissure
motor (superior oblique muscle- inferolateral eye movement)

Question 5

CN V- name of V1, V2, V3 and function

Answer 5

V1- ophthalmic division
V2- maxillary division
V3- mandibular division
function- sensory and muscle of mastication

Question 6

CN V (V1)

Answer 6

superior orbital fissure

Question 7

CN V (V2)

Answer 7

foramen rotundum

Question 8

CN V (V3)

Answer 8

foramen ovale

Question 9

CN VI

Answer 9

superior orbital fissure
motor- lateral muscle of the eye

Question 10

CN VII

Answer 10

internal auditory meatus
both- sensory for anterior 2/3 of the tongue, sends motor impulses to glands

Question 11

CN VIII

Answer 11

internal auditory meatus
sensory- balance and hearing

Question 12

CN IX

Answer 12

jugular foramen
both- swallowing, speech, taste for the posterior 1/3 of the tongue

Question 13

CN X

Answer 13

jugular foramen
both- muscles for swallowing, sensory/motor for visera organs

Question 14

CN XI

Answer 14

jugular foramen
motor- sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muslces

Question 15

CN XII

Answer 15

hypoglossal canal
motor- movement of the tongue

Question 16

papillary layer- CT?

Answer 16

areolar connective tissue

Question 17

reticular layer- CT?

Answer 17

dense irregular connective tissue

Question 18

papillary layer- skin receptors

Answer 18

meissner’s corpuscles

Question 19

reticular layer- receptors

Answer 19

lamellar corpuscles

Question 20

sudoriferous gland location: apocrine vs eccrine

Answer 20

apocrine- axillary and anogenital
eccrine- most common, everywhere else

Question 21

meissner’s corpuscle function

Answer 21

senses light touch and vibration

Question 22

merkel disc function

Answer 22

senses light and sustained pressure

Question 23

free nerve ending function

Answer 23

senses pain and temperature

Question 24

ruffini ending

Answer 24

sense deep pressure and skin stretch

Question 25

pacinian corpuscle

Answer 25

senses deep pressure and vibration

Question 26

pituitary gland is attached to the hypothalamus via

Answer 26

infundibulum

Question 27

hormones of the anterior pituitary gland (adenohypophysis)

Answer 27

FSH- follicle stimulating hormone LH- luteinizing hormone ACTH- adrenocorticotropic hormone TSH- thyroid stimulating hormone Prl- prolactin GH- growth hormone

Question 28

hormones of the posterior pituitary gland

Answer 28

ADH, oxytocin

Question 29

thyroid gland hormones

Answer 29

T3, T4, calcitonin

Question 30

parathyroid gland

Answer 30

PTH

Question 31

adrenal cortex hormones

Answer 31

aldosterone, cortisol, androgens

Question 32

adrenal medulla hormones

Answer 32

epinephrine, norepinephrine

Question 33

testis hormones

Answer 33

primary source of androgens

Question 34

ovary hormones

Answer 34

primary source of estrogens

Question 35

endocrine pancreas hormones

Answer 35

insulin, glucagon

Question 36

why is a LP performed at L4 or L5?

Answer 36

because the conus medullaris is at L1/L2 so you are able to ensure you dont cause damage

Question 37

conus medullaris

Answer 37

end of the spinal cord

Question 38

cauda equina

Answer 38

not part of the spinal cord. its a collection of spinal nerves (think horse's tail)

Question 39

dorsal vs ventral root

Answer 39

dorsal - sensory (afferent) ventral- motor (efferent)

Question 40

dorsal ramus vs ventral ramus

Answer 40

dorsal- mixed motor and sensory ventral- mixed motor and sensory

Question 41

what are the 4 nerve plexus?

Answer 41

cervical, brachial, lumbar, sacral

Question 42

cervical plexus

Answer 42

remember the phrenic nerve: C3,4,5- innervates the respiratory diaphragm

Question 43

brachial plexus

Answer 43

remember: axillary, musculocutaneous, radial, median, and ulnar nerves (terminal nerves are all of these except ulnar)

Question 44

do intercostal nerves form a plexus?

Answer 44

no. but they do innervate the trunk and arm

Question 45

lumbar plexus nerves to know

Answer 45

femoral and obturator nerves

Question 46

sacral plexus nerves to know

Answer 46

superior gluteal, inferior gluteal, sciatic, common fibular, tibial

Question 47

patellar reflex arc

Answer 47

receptor- quadriceps femoris afferent neuron- femoral nerve integration center- spinal cord efferent neuron- femoral nerve effector- quadriceps femoris