Lab Practical Vocab

Question 1

Deuterostomes

Answer 1

Coelomate, bilateral symmetry, radial cleavage- blastopore becomes anus

Question 2

Protostomes

Answer 2

Coelomate, spiral cleavage-blastopore become mouth

Question 3

Morula

Answer 3

Solid ball of cells

Question 4

Blastomeres

Answer 4

Equally sized cells arising from cleavage

Question 5

Invaginate

Answer 5

Invert in gastrulation

Question 6

Phylum Porifera

Answer 6

Sponges, no germ layers

Question 7

Pinacocytes

Answer 7

Flattened cells on outside of sponge

Question 8

Choanocytes

Answer 8

Flagellated cells that aid in filter feeding

Question 9

Mesohyl

Answer 9

Middle layer containing ameboid cells

Question 10

Spongocoel

Answer 10

Inside chamber

Question 11

Osculum

Answer 11

Excurrent opening

Question 12

Ostia

Answer 12

Incurrent opening

Question 13

List sponges in order of least to most complex

Answer 13

Asconoid, syconoid, leuconoid

Question 14

3 classes of Porifera

Answer 14

Calcarea- calcerous spicules (only group with asconoid)
Hexactinellida- glass like spicules
Demospongiae- spongin fibers or siliceous spicules, 80% of all sponges

Question 15

Phylum Cnidaria

Answer 15

Diploblastic, radial symmetry.

Includes: hydras, jellyfish, etc.

Question 16

Oral vs aboral

Answer 16

Oral side has mouth

Aboral side is opposite

Question 17

Polyp stage

Answer 17

Sessile, sexual or asexual, has gastrozooids and gonozooids

Question 18

Cnidae

Answer 18

Specialized organelles

Ex:// nematocysts—stingers

Question 19

3 major classes of Cnidaria

Answer 19

Hydrozoa- polyp and medusa stage alternate
Scyphozoa- medusa stage is dominant (jellyfish)
Anthozoa- only polyp stage (coral and anemone)

Question 20

Phylum Platyhelminthes

Answer 20

Triploblastic, acoelomate, spiral cleavage

Includes: flatworms, tapeworms, flukes

Question 21

3 classes of Platyhelminthes

Answer 21

Cestoda- tapeworms
Trematoda- flukes
Turbellaria- flatworms

Question 22

Protonephridia

Answer 22

Aids in gas exchange

Question 23

Phylum mollusca

Answer 23

Triplobalstic, bilateral symmetry, coelom ate.

Includes: snails, slugs, clams, oysters, octopuses, and squids

Question 24

3 main body parts of mollusc

Answer 24

Head foot- sensory and locomotive
Visceral mass- organ processes
Mantle- secretes shell

Question 25

Radula

Answer 25

Horny tongue some molluscs possess

Question 26

3 classes of molluscs

Answer 26

Gastropoda- snails and slugs Bivalvia- clams and oysters Cephalopoda- octopuses and squids

Question 27

Umbo

Answer 27

Swollen protrusion at the anterior end of the clam

Question 28

Pallial line

Answer 28

Where the mantle attaches to the shell

Question 29

Foot (of clam)

Answer 29

Used for movement

Question 30

Phylum Annelida

Answer 30

Triploblastic, coelomate, bilateral symmetry | Includes: earthworms, leeches, marine worms

Question 31

Metamerism

Answer 31

segmentation

Question 32

Setae

Answer 32

Line of segmentation

Question 33

3 classes of Annelida

Answer 33

Polychaeta- marine worms Hirudinea- leeches Oligochaete- earthworms

Question 34

Phylum Nematoda

Answer 34

Triplobalstic, bilateral symmetry, pseudocoelom | Includes: roundworms

Question 35

Ecdysis

Answer 35

Shedding external cuticle to allow growth

Question 36

Phylum Arthropoda

Answer 36

Triploblastic, coelomate, bilateral symmetry | Undergoes ecdysis, and shows metamerism

Question 37

Tagmata

Answer 37

Functional unit arising from segmentation

Question 38

3 main Tagmata in Arthropoda

Answer 38

Head Thorax Abdomen Head and thorax fused is called cephalothorax

Question 39

4 subphyla of Arthropoda

Answer 39

Chelicerata- have chelicerae/pincers. No antennae. Contain class Arachnida and merostomata (horseshoe crabs) Crustacea- 1 pair of antennae, mandibles, biramous (2 branched paired appendages) Contain crabs, lobsters, shrimp Myriapoda- uniramous. Class Chilopoda (centipedes) and Diplopoda (millipedes) Hexapoda- insects

Question 40

Phylum Echinodermata

Answer 40

Strictly marine, triploblastic, coelomate, pentamorous radial symmetry Includes: sea stars, basket stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, sea cucumbers, and sea lilies

Question 41

5 classes of Echinodermata

Answer 41

``` Asteroidea- sea stars Ophiuroidea- brittle stars, basket stars Echinoidea- sea urchins, sand dollars Holothuroidea- sea cucumbers Crinoidea- sea lilies ```

Question 42

Pedicellariae

Answer 42

Claws- tiny pincer like structures

Question 43

Madreporite

Answer 43

Light colored circular structure on aboral side of starfish

Question 44

Ambulacral groove

Answer 44

Deep groove running down midline of each arm from mouth

Question 45

Phylum Chordata

Answer 45

4 unique characteristics: | Notochord, dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal gill slits, post anal tail

Question 46

3 subphyla of Chordata

Answer 46

Urochordata- tunicates, strictly marine, typically sessile Cephalochordata- amphioxus, lancelets, look like small simple fish Vertebrata- have a dorsal spinal column

Question 47

Subphylum vertebrata

Answer 47

Active lifestyle, developed brain, cranium

Question 48

7 classes of vertebrata

Answer 48

Agnatha- jawless fish (hagfish) Chondrithyes- cartilaginous fishes (sharks) Osteichthyes- bony fishes (all other fish) Amphibia- frogs, salamanders, etc Reptilia- lizards, snakes, turtles Aves- birds Mammalia- mammals