Lab Practice

Question 1

what is used for ankle AROM and how often should it be done

Answer 1

toes on wall lunge stretch, 3x30 seconds, 5-6x per week

Question 2

what are the measurements for ankle goniometer

Answer 2

90 is neutral, SA = to fib. head, MA = to 5th metatarsal, A = lat malleolus, M = PF, realign, DF

Question 3

what are the normal ankle ROMs

Answer 3

PF = 50, DF = 20, In = 30-35, Ev = 15-20

Question 4

what are the measurements for knee goniometer

Answer 4

0 is neutral, SA = to greater trochanter, A = in line with patella at lateral epicondyle, MA = to lat malleolus with fibula, M = flex, realign, ext

Question 5

what should you be aware of when doing hip ab/add

Answer 5

avoid rotation

Question 6

what are the normal ROMs for hip

Answer 6

F = 120, E = 30, IR/ER = 45, Ab = 45, Ad = 30

Question 7

what should you be aware of when doing any shoulder ROM test

Answer 7

keep shoulders back/scaps together

Question 8

what should be aware of for shoulder flexion goniometer

Answer 8

extension through trunk

Question 9

what should you be aware of for shoulder abduction goniometer

Answer 9

lateral flexion

Question 10

how do you measure medial and lateral shoulder rotation

Answer 10

SA = parallel to floor (pointing up), M = passive, A = at elbow, MA = radius/ulna
measure supine, MR = down, LR = up
keep scaps in contact with the table

Question 11

what are normal shoulder roms

Answer 11

f = 180, e = 50, abd = 180, ir = 90, er = 90

Question 12

what is the modified schobers test

Answer 12

between 2 psis’s and 15 cm above, any measure > 5 cm is good

Question 13

how do you measure spine flex/ex with goniometer

Answer 13

sa = perp to floor, ma = in line with torso, a = lowest rib, m = active f and e

Question 14

how do you measure spine lateral flexion with goniometer

Answer 14

sa = perp to floor (along spine), a = s1, ma = c7, m = keep knees straight

Question 15

what are the normal spine roms

Answer 15

f = 50, e = 15, lf = 20, lr = 5

Question 16

what are the primary scap stabilizers

Answer 16

superior and medial inferior traps, rhomboids, and serratus anterior

Question 17

what are the sets/reps for scap stabilizers

Answer 17

endurance so <67%, > 12 reps, 2-3 sets, <30 sec rest

Question 18

what should you always do with rotator cuff strengthening

Answer 18

retract scaps!!

Question 19

what are the muscles of the rotator cuff

Answer 19

IR = subscap, ER = infraspin, teres minor, and and supraspin

Question 20

what is the role of the rotator cuff

Answer 20

stabilize and centralize humeral head through range

Question 21

what is the difference between towel and no towel rotator cuff strengthening

Answer 21

towel = less delt and supraspin (at 15 degrees)
no towel = less ER’s

Question 22

what are the phases of gait and what is activated

Answer 22

terminal swing = hams eccentric
heel strike = both glutes and hams concentric
after heel strike = glutes extend hip

Question 23

what is glute dysfunction

Answer 23

glutes don’t turn on, substitute with low back and hams (pain and tight)

Question 24

how do you test for glute dysfunction

Answer 24

in prone or with fitter

Question 25

what is the difference between OKC and CKC (benefits)

Answer 25

OKC = better following surgery, for stabilizers and endurance CKC = weight bearing, increased compression, increased resistance, have to start later

Question 26

what is towel used for ankle

Answer 26

slides (in and ev) and scrunches (pf)

Question 27

what is the band used for ankle

Answer 27

noose for pf, df, and inv/ev

Question 28

what influences balance

Answer 28

strength and 3 systems

Question 29

what are the 3 systems involved in balance

Answer 29

visual, vestibular, proprioceptive

Question 30

how do you progress balance movements

Answer 30

static -> dynamic simple -> complex

Question 31

what does coordination involve

Answer 31

balance, precision of motion, speed of motion, strength

Question 32

when should you use coordination

Answer 32

early in the session to prevent fatigue/bad engram when endurance (reps) are high anytime you can give feedback

Question 33

how can you progress coordination

Answer 33

light -> heavy slow -> fast static -> dynamic simple -> complex low -> high reps

Question 34

what is agility

Answer 34

the control of the body during rapid, complex, and skillful activities -> involves rapid change in direction, speeding up and slowing down

Question 35

what are the components of agility

Answer 35

power coordination flexibility speed strength

Question 36

how do you progress agility

Answer 36

simple -> complex slow -> fast cognitive -> automatic

Question 37

how can you improve proprioception

Answer 37

ipsilateral and contralateral proprioception

Question 38

how can you progress proprioception

Answer 38

straight plane -> functional plane eyes open -> eyes closed

Question 39

what should you look for in regards to muscles with coronal plane postural alignment

Answer 39

symmetrical muscle development and equal weight distribution

Question 40

where should the scaps meet the ribs in posterior coronal plane

Answer 40

T2-T7

Question 41

what are high arches correlated with

Answer 41

varus

Question 42

what are flat feet correlated with

Answer 42

valgus

Question 43

what are common postural deviations

Answer 43

kyphosis = rounded c-spine hyperlordosis = excessive l-spine arch sway back = head forward, rounded shoulders, arched l-spine flatback = no curvature in spine, no l-spine curve

Question 44

what are normal craig's test measures? and what is anteversion vs retroversion

Answer 44

8-15, <8 = anteversion, > 15 = retroversion

Question 45

what is squinting and frog-eyed correlated with (knees)

Answer 45

varus and valgus

Question 46

what is normal tibial torsion and how is it measured

Answer 46

med to lat malleolus angle, normal = 12-18, 5 in kids

Question 47

what is excessive tibial torsion measurement

Answer 47

> 20-25

Question 48

what are the 4 ways to measure leg length

Answer 48

tape measure = ASIS to med malleoli palpation and book = ASIS to bottom of foot hip flexion test = femur length knee flexion test = tibia length

Question 49

what is the gold standard comparison measurement for leg length assessment

Answer 49

standing x-ray/ scanogram