Lab Quiz 1 Flashcards
What is DNA
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
What is the procedure to the DNA lab
1) Freeze the rubbing alcohol
2) make the extraction liquid
3) put strawberries in a plastic bag, squeezing out all the air
4) mash the strawberries
5) Add the extraction liquid to the strawberries
6) mash the mixture together for a minute
7) place a layer of cheesecloth inside the funnel and set the funnel on top of the beaker
8) pour the strawberry mixture from the bag into the funnel
9) throw away cheesecloth
10) pour the contents of the glass into the test tube until 1/4 full
11) tilt the test tube and pour rubbing alcohol down the side. Do not mix alcohol with the strawberry juice.
12) Let it sit for a few minutes. A whitish material should appear, that is DNA
How is extraction liquid made
Salt, water and detergent
detergent purpose
detergent is both hydrophilic and hydrophobic, used as a separator in the experiment
what does alcohol do
it precipitates the DNA
What are the steps of the scientific method
1) make an observation
2) ask a question
3) make a research hypotheses
4) state the null hypotheses
5) make predictions
6) test hypotheses
7) repeat
What is the importance of the scientific method
to make observations, approach problems and generate possible answers to questions
What is a hypothesis
A proposed explanation for an observation
What is a null hypothesis
A theory based on insufficient evidence that requires further testing
What is an independent variable
the variable that is changed
what is the dependent variable
a variable that is tested and measured
explain earth worm experiment
draw a circle, put the worm in the center, observe what it does, after a while draw a new circle but have a break in it and observe what the worm does again.
what is the classification skyme order
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
What is a Daphnia
Water Flea
What is Kinesis
A change in movement speed or pattern induced by the presence of a stimulus
what is fixed action patterns
A complex series of stereotyped behaviors that is encoded genetically within an organism
What is learned behaviors
they are generally modified according to an animals experience
Sow bugs are what
crustation lisopods, meanings legs are similar
Where did cockroaches come from
Madagascar
What are the five hardy Wineburg theory
1) the population is very large and well mixed
2) there is no migration
3)there are no mutations
4) mating is random
5) there is no natural selection
What are the equations
1) p+q=1.0 and p^2+ 2pq+p^2=1.0
What are the key concepts (in-depth film guide)
1) a mutation is a random change to an organisms’s DNA sequence
2) the environment contributes to determining whether a mutation is advantageous, deleterious, or neutral.
3) Mutations that increase the fitness of an organism increase in frequency in a population.
4) evolution can happen quickly
5) different mutations in the same gene, or even mutations in different genes, can result in the same phenotype
6) while mutations can be random, natural selection is not random
7) selective pressure depends on the environment in which an organism lives.
How do the pocket mice survive in the desert
their fur color adapts to the color of the enviroment they live in
