lab quiz 1

Question 1

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 1

acts as a “cell highway”, transports materials throughout the cell. 2 types: rough ER and smooth ER

Question 1

Mitochondria

Answer 1

The “powerhouse”, produces energy for the cell, creates ATP through cell respiration

Question 2

Lysosome

Answer 2

the “clean up crew” of the cell; destroys used or worn out organelles. Digest foreign invaders

Question 3

Cell Membrane

Answer 3

Controls what enters and exits the cell and protective barrier for the cell

Question 4

Golgi apparatus

Answer 4

“Quality Control”, packages and distributes proteins throughout the cell. (Mail man)

Question 5

Cytoplasm

Answer 5

Substance that is in the cell, that organelles float In, provides protection and support.

Question 6

Nucleus

Answer 6

The “brain” of the cell, contains DNA

Question 7

membrane that surrounds the lungs

Answer 7

Pleura

Question 8

membrane that surrounds the heart

Answer 8

Pericardium

Question 9

membrane that surrounds the abdomen

Answer 9

Peritoneum

Question 10

Membrane that touches the organ

Answer 10

Visceral

Question 11

Membrane that is on the outside of the cavity (or lines it)

Answer 11

Parietal

Question 12

Dorsal cavities

Answer 12

Cranial cavity and Vertebral cavity

Question 13

Ventral Cavities

Answer 13

Thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity, pelvic cavity,

Question 14

Thoracic Cavities

Answer 14

Mediastinum, Pleural, Pericardial

Question 15

Abdominopelvic

Answer 15

abdominal, pelvic, retroperitoneal

Question 16

Plane that separates the body into left and right

Answer 16

Median/Sagittal plane

Question 17

Plane that separates the body into superior and inferior

Answer 17

Transverse/Horizontal Plane

Question 18

Plane that seperates the body into anterior and posterior

Answer 18

Frontal/Coronal Plane

Question 19

Anterior/Ventral

Answer 19

Front or forward

Question 20

Posterior/Dorsal

Answer 20

Back

Question 21

Superior vs. Inferior

Answer 21

above/below

Question 22

Cephalad vs. Caudal

Answer 22

head/tail

Question 23

proximal vs. distal

Answer 23

near/far

Question 24

superficial vs. deep

Answer 24

External/internal

Question 25

medial vs. lateral

Answer 25

middle/sides

Question 26

anatomical position

Answer 26

body erect, feet slightly apart, head and toes pointed forward, arms hanging at sides with palms facing forward.

Question 27

4 abdominal quadrants

Answer 27

Right upper quadrant (RUQ), Right lower quadrant (RLQ), Left upper quadrant (LUQ), and Left lower quadrant (LLQ)

Question 28

Abdominopelvic regions

Answer 28

right hypochondriac region, epigastric region, left hypogastric region, right lumbar region, umbilical region, left lumbar region, right iliac region, hypogastric region, and left iliac region.

Question 29

what is the cell cycle?

Answer 29

the orderly set of stages and sub-stages between one cell division and the next.

Question 30

Interphase

Answer 30

Cells grow larger, # of organelles double, and DNA is replicated

Question 31

Prophase

Answer 31

Nuclear membrane disintegrates and chromosomes condense

Question 32

Metaphase

Answer 32

Sister chromatids line ip along the metaphase plate of the cell. (line down the middle)

Question 33

Anaphase

Answer 33

the centromere divides the sister chromatids, the chromatids separate to opposite sides of the cell

Question 34

Telophase

Answer 34

New nuclear envelopes form around the daughter cells. (two)

Question 35

Cytokinesis

Answer 35

cytoplasm is divided to form 2 daughter cells.

Question 35

Mitosis

Answer 35

process where a single cell divides into 2 identical daughter cells. (important in growth and development to our bodies)

Question 36

Passive transport

Answer 36

moves compounds down concentration gradient, from high to low, requires no energy, ex. simple diffusion, osmosis, and filtration

Question 37

Active Transport

Answer 37

moves compounds against a concentration gradient, from low to high, requires energy and transporters. ex. ion pumps, bulk transport, exocytosis, and endocytosis

Question 38

isotonic

Answer 38

solutions have the same osmotic pressure

Question 39

Hypertonic

Answer 39

solutions have higher osmotic pressure & are usually osmotically active (water leaves the cell causing it to shrink)

Question 40

Hypotonic

Answer 40

have lower osmotic pressure (water enters the cell causing it to swell)