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Microbiology > Lab Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Lab Quiz 1 Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

What is this organism?

A

Treponema pallidum

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1
Q

Define Differential Media

A

Allows us to distinguish between different types of microorganisms based on how they will be visualized on the media.

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2
Q

Type of Staining

A

Simple

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3
Q

What is this organism?

A

Escherichia coli

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3
Q

Define Selective Media

A

Selectively inhibits growth of certain strains of microorganisms while letting others grow.

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4
Q

3 ways of practicing aseptic technique

A

1) Avoid contaminating sterile plates with air 2) Hold plate upside down when you streak it. Avoid prolonged exposure to air. 3) Tip of swab should only come in contact with area you are sampling.

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5
Q

Concentration = ________/________

A

=Aliquot vol/total volume

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6
Q

Define magnification

A

the apparent increase in size of an object

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6
Q

Define viral plaque

A

A visible structure formed within bacterial cultures within some nutrient medium (e.g. agar). The bacteriophage viruses replicate and spread, thus generating regions of cell destructions known as plaques

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7
Q

Define binary fission

A

Rapid asexual reproduction

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8
Q

Bacteria with mycolic acid in cell wall will appear gram ______.

A

Positive

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9
Q

Define aseptic technique

A

Defined as: Introduce bacterial sample without contaminating culture

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10
Q

What temperature do we incubate the plates and why?

A

37*C because that’s body temperature

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11
Q

Benefit of Serial Dilution vs Streak Plate

A

With serial dilution, you can quanitiate

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12
Q

TEM or SEM: Sample is killed

A

TEM

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12
Q

With TEM, you can see _______.

A

Internal structure details (like organelles)

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12
Q

Type of Staining

A

Flagellar

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12
Q

Type of Microscope

A

Scanning Electron Microscope

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12
Q

What type of microorganism is Treponema pallidum?

A

Spirillum (spirochete) bacteria

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12
Q

Causative agent of syphillis is _______

A

Treponema pallidum

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13
Q

Why do we need to stain bacterial slides?

A

To have contrast so we can observe them

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14
Q

Order of reagent use in gram staining

A

Crystal violet, iodine, ethanol, safranin

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15
Q

Why must the bacterial sample be completely dry before heat-fixing?

A

Cell lysis could occur

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16
Q

Define Generalized Media

A

Media designed to grow the largest number of microorganisms possible

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18
The smaller the wavelength, the ______ the resolution
better
19
Define ubiquitous
Defined as: Everywhere with sufficient water
19
Microorganism that acts as normal flora in GI tract
E. Coli
21
What is the causative agent of African sleeping sickness?
Trypanosoma gambiense
21
Define resolution
the ability to see two points as separate and distinct
22
Why do we invert the plates in the incubator?
Condensation accumulates
23
With SEM, you can see \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Outside surface, external structures, but can't see inside
25
Define refractive index
indication of how much the material bend light\*. Air is the standard
26
What is this organism?
Giardia intestinalis
27
Define Enriched Media
Contain more nutrients than generalized media and can be used to grow fastidious microorganisms.
28
Define Aliquot
Volume removed
29
Why should stain never be placed on a warm slide or allowed to dry on a slide?
Will result in crystal formation
30
What is Trypanosoma gambiense?
Protozoan worm form spread with tsetse fly vector
31
What is a mordant stain and give example
Any stain to help another stain bind. Gram's iodine
32
If substances have the same refractive index, light \_\_\_\_\_\_. If substances have different refractive indexes, light \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Travels straight through; refracts
34
Define colonies
Defined as: Group of genetically identical bacteria from one original cell
34
Compared to light microscopes, electron microscopes have _______ wavelengths.
Smaller
35
What is unique about acid-fast bacterial structure?
Mycolic acid in cell wall that binds to carbolfuchsin
36
What is this organism?
Trypanosoma gambiense
37
What species is Giardia intestinalis?
Protozoan disease found in contaminated water that causes traveler's diarrhea
37
Light passes through _____ into the \_\_\_\_\_
specimen; objective lens
38
Define bacterial lawn
Used to describe the appearance of bacterial colonies when all the individual colonies on a petri-dish agar plate merge to form a field or mat of bacteria
39
Gram Staining & Morphology of: 1. Rhodospirillium rubrum 2. Escherichia coli 3. Bacillus subtillus
1. (-); spirillum 2. (-); bacillus 3. (+); streptobacillus
41
Type of Microscope
Transmission Electron Microscope
42
Define vector
Carrier of infectious agent; capable of transmitting infection from one host to another
43
How does a spectrophotometer work?
Turbitity Bacterial cells will scatter light whether alive or dead Can tell relative concentrations (sample 1 vs 2) but can’t tell numbers Qualitative, not quantitative
45
Type of Staining
Negative
47
3 Types of Differential Stains
Acid-Fast, Gram, Endospore
48
What type of microorganism is Escherichia coli?
Bacillus baceria
49
Colony counts have to be between what numbers in order to be viable?
30-300
51
What is Cryptosporidium parvum?
Protozoan disease that causes cryptosporidiosis
53
Coloring specimens with stain increases _______ & \_\_\_\_\_\_.
contrast, resolution
55
Total magnification = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_+\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
magnification of objective lens X magnification of ocular lens
57
Primary stain for endospore staining is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
malachite
59
Define Bacterial Smear
(thin film) of microorganisms made prior to staining
60
With oil, you have _____ light going through to the objective, giving you _____ resolution
more, better
61
Define contrast
differences in intensity between two objects, or between an object and background
62
Define refraction
the bending of light through a substance
63
What does a negative stain stain?
The background, not the bacteria
64
Type of Staining
Acid-Fast
65
How does the autoclave work to sterilize media?
Subjects media to high pressure saturated steam (15 lbs) @ 121\*C for 15 minutes. Kills endospores
66
What is this organism?
Cryptosporidium parvum
67
Type of Staining
Endospore
68
What type of microorganism is Neisseria gonorrhoeae?
Diplococcus bacteria
69
What is this organism?
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
70
Primary stain for acid-fast staining is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Carbolfuchsin
71
What is the most common waterborne pathogen in the US?
Cryptosporidium parvum

Microbiology (5 decks)

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