Lab Quiz 1: Microscopy, Cell morphology, Aseptic Technique (Bio 286 - Microbiology)

Question 1

ocular lenses (binocular)

Answer 1

eye pieces that each has a magnifying power of 10X

Question 2

cord wrap

Answer 2

brackets to store the power cord around when done using the scope

Question 3

objective lenses

Answer 3

secondary lenses to magnify the sample ranging in magnifying power from 4X to 100X

Question 4

course focus knob

Answer 4

used to rapidly move the stage (and thus the sample) to focus

Question 5

fine focus knob

Answer 5

used to tweak the focus with 40X and 100X objectives

Question 6

mechanical stage controls

Answer 6

move the sample in the X and Y planes, where the focus is the Z plane

Question 7

condenser iris

Answer 7

the lever that controls how much light passes through the sample

Question 8

power switch

Answer 8

turns the lamp on and off

Question 9

light source

Answer 9

halogen lamp providing light

Question 10

parfocal and parcentered

Answer 10

once the sample is centered and focused with one objective, it will be (more or less) focused and centered for all other objectives too

Question 11

total magnification

Answer 11

ocular lens (10X) x objective lens

Question 12

field of view

Answer 12

total area of the sample that is visual; decreases as magnification increases; equal to (division size x 100)/0.56 (because the entire ocular reticle only spans 56%)

Question 13

working distance

Answer 13

space between objective lens and sample; decreases as magnification increases; measured with a ruler

Question 14

right ocular lens

Answer 14

has the measuring reticle (scale) with 100 unit-less divisions; calibrated with a slide with a stage micrometer (where the slides have a line etched on them that is 1mm, 1000 micrometers long and divided into 100 equal segments that are 10 micrometers each)

Question 15

division size calculation

Answer 15

(number of scale divisions x 10 micrometers) / number of ocular divisions

Question 16

coccus

Answer 16

spherical bacterium

Question 17

diplococci

Answer 17

spherical bacteria growing in pairs

Question 18

diplococci encapsulated (pneumococcus)

Answer 18

spherical bacteria growing in pairs within an encapsulated membrane

Question 19

staphylococci

Answer 19

spherical bacteria growing in clusters

Question 20

streptococci

Answer 20

spherical bacteria growing in chains

Question 21

sarcina

Answer 21

cubical packet of 8, 16, or more spherical bacteria

Question 22

tetrad

Answer 22

square packet of four spherical bacteria

Question 23

enlarged rod (fusobacterium)

Answer 23

bacteria rod that is elongated into a slender, pointed end shape

Question 24

vibrio

Answer 24

comma shaped bacteria

Question 25

comma's form (bdellovibrio)

Answer 25

a monotrichous (one flagella) comma shaped bacteria

Question 26

club rod (corynebacteriaceae)

Answer 26

a comma shaped bacteria with most of the cell material condensed at one end and the other end coming to a narrow handle, similar to a club

Question 27

helical form (helicobacter pylori)

Answer 27

a comma shaped bacteria that has an two ends meeting at a more narrow midpoint, resembling a helical shape

Question 28

coccobacillus

Answer 28

short round rod bacteria

Question 29

bacillus

Answer 29

rod shaped bacteria

Question 30

diplobacilli

Answer 30

pairs of bacilli

Question 31

palisades

Answer 31

bacilli in a parallel or picket fence

Question 32

streptobacilli

Answer 32

chains of bacilli

Question 33

hypha

Answer 33

the narrowest part of bacteria with a shape similar to the club rod but with a more slender head

Question 34

stalk

Answer 34

the most narrow, slender part of a comma shaped bacteria

Question 35

corkscrew's form (borrelia burgdorferi)

Answer 35

a thick spiral bacteria

Question 36

spirochete

Answer 36

spiral shaped bacteria

Question 37

filamentous

Answer 37

complex bacteria shape that looks like an unraveled spiral

Question 38

aseptic

Answer 38

sterile, not contaminated

Question 39

axenic

Answer 39

pure culture

Question 40

morphological features describing colonies

Answer 40

size, shape, margin, elevation, color, consistency, surface, opacity

Question 41

size of colonies

Answer 41

punctiform (pinpoint), small, moderate, large

Question 42

shape of colonies

Answer 42

round, irregular, fibrous, rhizoid, curled

Question 43

round

Answer 43

colonies that have a nice radial symmetry and appear as round mounds of growth

Question 44

irregular

Answer 44

colonies that have less symmetry and have undulating edges

Question 45

fibrous shape

Answer 45

soil bacteria that have fibrous or hairy colonies

Question 46

rhizoid

Answer 46

bacteria and fungi that have a spreading and branching type of growth

Question 47

curled

Answer 47

bacteria that have a terraced appearance due to swarming on the plate

Question 48

margin of colonies

Answer 48

fibrous, entire, lobate, serrate

Question 49

fibrous margin

Answer 49

colonies that have a filamentous edge

Question 50

entire

Answer 50

colonies that with a smooth and even edge

Question 51

lobate

Answer 51

colonies that have an irregular, lobed edge

Question 52

serrate (aka erose)

Answer 52

colonies that have a saw-tooth edge

Question 53

elevation of colonies

Answer 53

flat, raised, convex, crateriform, umbonate, pitted

Question 54

flat

Answer 54

colonies that have very little elevation and remain flat on agar surface

Question 55

raised

Answer 55

colonies that have some elevation and appear somewhat raised from agar surface

Question 56

convex

Answer 56

colonies that form a substantial pile of cells with a dome-like structure

Question 57

crateriform (aka concave)

Answer 57

colonies that exhibit depressions in the center

Question 58

umbonate

Answer 58

colonies that exhibit an extra dimple in the center

Question 59

pitted

Answer 59

colonies that metabolize the agar in the media so they grow within the media

Question 60

color of colonies

Answer 60

variants of cream to tan, but some white, black, yellow, red, pink, purple, and other shades

Question 61

consistency of colonies

Answer 61

butyrous, viscous, mucous, friable

Question 62

butyrous

Answer 62

colonies having a buttery consistency

Question 63

viscous

Answer 63

colonies having a sticky consistency

Question 64

mucous

Answer 64

colonies having a slimy consistency (often due to production of a capsule)

Question 65

friable

Answer 65

colonies (like mycobacteria) that have hard and waxy colonies that break up upon probing

Question 66

surface of colonies

Answer 66

appear to be smooth and/or shiny or dull/rough or wrinkled

Question 67

opacity of colonies

Answer 67

varying translucence, but most appear opaque (not transparent)

Question 68

plate streaking

Answer 68

a lab technique used to obtain isolated individual colonies of bacterial clones

Question 69

process of plate streaking

Answer 69

sterilize a wire loop by incineration and let cool for about 10 seconds -> get loopful of mixed culture and apply it to the plate in section 1 -> sterilize loop again and cool -> use loop to spread some cells of section 1 to section 2, spread in section 2 -> sterilize loop and cool -> use loop to spread some cells of section 2 to section 3, spread in section 3 -> sterilize loop and cool -> use loop to spread some cells of section 3 to section 4, spread in section 4 -> sterilize loop, place plate in incubator

Question 70

Roccal

Answer 70

antiseptic used to wipe the workspace down (before and after lab sessions)

Question 71

regular trash disposal

Answer 71

into regular trash bins

Question 72

stain disposal

Answer 72

labeled carboy at the front of the lab

Question 73

glass disposal

Answer 73

cardboard glass receptacle

Question 74

chemical disposal

Answer 74

containers and instruction for disposal provided on a case to case basis

Question 75

contaminated material disposal

Answer 75

orange autoclave bag at the front of lab; contaminated glassware in a bin at the front of the lab for later decontamination

Question 76

bunsen burner

Answer 76

decently sized triangle of blue flame = good