Lab Safety Part Two, Test 1

Question 1

What are a group of tests called?

Answer 1

Profiles

Question 2

What order do you draw blood?

Answer 2

1) Blood culture (aerobic, then anaerobic
2) Light blue tube
3) Yellow SST (or plain red or tiger top)
4) Green tube
5) Lavender tube
6) Grey tube

Question 3

Do you need to fast for a glucose test?

Answer 3

Yes, for 8-10 hours prior

Question 4

What specimen is required for a glucose test?

Answer 4

Plasma

Question 5

What do you get when you centrifuge a glucose specimen?

Answer 5

Plasma, buffy coat, red blood cells

Question 6

What is the anticoagulant in grey tubes?

Answer 6

Potassium Oxalate

Question 7

What’s the preservative in grey tubes? What does it do?

Answer 7

Sodium Fluoride

Prevents glycolysis

Question 8

How many times does this tube need to be inverted?

Answer 8

8-10 times

Question 9

What other tests are performed with the lavender tube?

Answer 9

GTT, Blood Alcohol, FBS, RBS

Question 10

Hba1C - what does it stand for and what is the test for?

Answer 10

Hemoglobin A1C, monitors sugar level of patient for 3 months

Question 11

Is Hba1C a fasting specimen?

Answer 11

No

Question 12

True or false? Whole blood is not required for Hba1C

Answer 12

False, it is required

Question 13

What is the anticoagulant in the lavender tube?

Answer 13

EDTA

Question 14

Why is EDTA the best anticoagulant for this tube?

Answer 14

Because it produces less shrinkage of RBCs

Question 15

How many times do you invert lavender tubes?

Answer 15

8-10 times

Question 16

What does TSH stand for?

Answer 16

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone

Question 17

What are sodium + potassium + chloride?

Answer 17

Electrolytes

Question 18

True or false: albumin is the most abundant protein produced by the liver, making up 60% of the total proteins in the body?

Answer 18

True!

Question 19

What tubes are used for Uric Acid, TSH, Creatinine eGFR, Electrolytes, ALT, Bilirubin, Albumin tests?

Answer 19

SST, plain red, or tiger tops

Question 20

Do SST tubes have anticoagulant inside?

Answer 20

No, just a gel

Question 21

When SST tubes are drawn, do we invert them right away? How many times?

Answer 21

Yes, invert the tubes 5 times

Question 22

What do you do with SST tubes after you’ve inverted them?

Answer 22

Put them in a vertical position on the rack for 30-45 minutes, then you centrifuge them

Question 23

How many layers do you get when you centrifuge tiger top tubes?

Answer 23

Two layers: Serum and clotted blood

Question 24

What specimen is required for yellow SST tubes?

Answer 24

Serum

Question 25

What are they testing for in Lipid Profile?

Answer 25

Cholesterol Triglycerides HDL (high density lipoprotein) LDL (low density)

Question 26

Do you need to fast for a lipid profile?

Answer 26

Yes

Question 27

What is the main difference between plasma and serum?

Answer 27

Plasma contains the clotting factor; Fibrinogen and serum does not

Question 28

What is the magic number in venipuncture?

Answer 28

2.5

Question 29

If a physician is asking for 4 ml of serum, how will you choose the right blood tube size to get this amount?

Answer 29

Multiply 4 by 2.5 - use a 10 ml tube

Question 30

What color tubes is blood drawn into for coagulation tests?

Answer 30

Light blue

Question 31

What specimen is required for light blue tubes?

Answer 31

Plasma

Question 32

How many times should light blue tubes be inverted?

Answer 32

4-5 times

Question 33

What is the ratio of blood to anticoagulant in light blue tubes?

Answer 33

9:1

Question 34

List some things they test for in the immunology department

Answer 34

Antigens Pre-Natal Antibodies Mono RA

Question 35

What tubes are used in immunology department?

Answer 35

SST

Question 36

What anticoagulant is used in green tubes?

Answer 36

Heparin

Question 37

Heparin is in..... and in.....

Answer 37

Invivo (in living body) and invitro (in the glass)

Question 38

How many times should green tube be inverted?

Answer 38

8-10 times

Question 39

What anticoagulant do Royal Blue tubes use?

Answer 39

EDTA

Question 40

What is the purpose of lab testing?

Answer 40

To be able to diagnose | To regulate treatment

Question 41

Define: Arteries Veins Capillaries

Answer 41

Arteries - carry oxygen rich blood from heart to organs Veins - Carry oxygen-poor blood back to heart Capillaries - Connect arteries to veins and carry blood from every cell in the body

Question 42

What veins are the first choice for venipuncture?

Answer 42

Median Cubital Vein

Question 43

What's the second choice for venipuncture?

Answer 43

Cephalic/Basilic vein

Question 44

How long should the tourniquet be applied for?

Answer 44

No more than 1 minute

Question 45

Where should the tourniquet be applied?

Answer 45

3-4 inches above venipuncture site

Question 46

What is venus reflux?

Answer 46

when blood flows back into the vein

Question 47

What is the best needle range gauge?

Answer 47

21-23 inches

Question 48

What angle should you insert the needle?

Answer 48

15-30 degrees

Question 49

What happens if the needle is inserted less than 15 degrees?

Answer 49

It will not puncture the vein but instead, will go above the vein

Question 50

What happens if the needle angle is more than 30 degrees?

Answer 50

The needle will go through the vein, into the cells and tissues

Question 51

What's a hematoma?

Answer 51

bruise

Question 52

Define hemolysis

Answer 52

Breakdown of red blood cells