Lab Test 2 Review

Question 0

What are formed in the DNA when it is exposed to UV radiation

Answer 0

Pyrimidine dimers

Question 1

What kind of radiation is UV

Answer 1

Non-ionizing

Question 2

What specific wavelength of radiation maximizes damage

Answer 2

260 nm

Question 3

How are the bacteria plated on the media for the Kirby Bauer method test

Answer 3

By forming a lawn of bacteria

Question 4

In the UV lab what did the results determine to be true about the two different bacteria

Answer 4

Endospores are more resistant to UV light

Question 5

What was the control in the UV radiation lab

Answer 5

The side of the plate covered by the index card

Question 6

Which two bacteria were used in the UV radiation lab

Answer 6

Staph aureus and Bacillus megaterium

Question 7

What do the designations of R, I, S stand for?

Answer 7

R= resistant, I= intermediate, 
S= sensitive

Question 8

What is the name of the media used in the Kirby Bauer method

Answer 8

MHA (mueller Hinton agar)

Question 9

Which bacteria in particular was deemed to be the most sensitive to the antibiotics in general in the Kirby Bauer method lab

Answer 9

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 10

How are the measurements taken and which metric units are the answers expressed in when doing the Kirby Bauer method test

Answer 10

The zone of inhibition is measured to the nearest millimeter

Question 11

Describe the biochemical pattern for Staphylococcus aureus

Answer 11

Catalase + , alpha toxin + (beta hemolysis), mannitol + , novobiocin sensitive

Question 12

Which bacteria in particular was deemed to be the most resistant to the antibiotics in general in the Kirby Bauer method lab

Answer 12

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 13

Gram stain reaction, size, shape and arrangement of staph

Answer 13

Purple, round, irregular clusters, gram +

Question 14

Which test was used to separate out S saprophyticus from the other species

Answer 14

Novobiocin

Question 15

What major test differentiates staph from strep

Answer 15

Catalase

Question 16

Gram stain reaction, size, shape and arrangement of strep

Answer 16

Purple, round, pairs/chains, gram +

Question 17

Which major tests are used to distinguish the different species of staph from each other

Answer 17

Mannitol fermentation, coagulase, Novobiocin, alpha toxin

Question 18

What are the purpose of primers

Answer 18

Starting point for polymerase

Question 19

What does PCR stand for

Answer 19

Polymerase chain reaction

Question 20

How do you locate the mecA gene on a finished AGE

Answer 20

Look for those around 500 bp in length

Question 21

What size band identifies the mecA gene of a finished AGE

Answer 21

533 bp

Question 23

What are the advantages and disadvantages of using PCR instead of Kirby Bauer method

Answer 23

Advantage: time, much faster results
Disadvantage: cost

Question 24

What is the effect of leaving the lids on during exposure to UV?

Answer 24

Plastic protects from UV

Question 25

What protein is produced by the mecA gene? | What ability does that protein give staphylococci?

Answer 25

PBP2 (penicillin binding protein); | Methicillin resistance properties

Question 26

Describe the biochemical pattern of streptococcus pyogenes

Answer 26

Catalase –, beta-hemolysis, + bacitracin test

Question 27

Describe the biochemical pattern for streptococcus pneumoniae

Answer 27

Catalase – , Alpha hemolysis, optochin +

Question 28

What 2 further tests can be done on gamma hemolytic streptococcus to differentiate it

Answer 28

Bile esculin, salt tolerance

Question 29

Which test would distinguish the different species of beta hemolytic strep

Answer 29

Bacitracin test

Question 30

Which test would distinguish the different species of alpha hemolytic strep

Answer 30

Optochin test

Question 31

What is the difference between a direct and and indirect ELISA test

Answer 31

Direct detects antigens in the blood; Indirect detects antibodies in the blood

Question 32

What are the advantages and disadvantages of the indirect ELISA test

Answer 32

Adv: Quick answer, easy, cheap Disadv: possible false +/– results

Question 33

In what order are the ingredients used in the ELISA test

Answer 33

Known antigen, antibody in test serum, enzyme linked anti-human antibody, chromogen

Question 34

What does ELISA stand for

Answer 34

Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay

Question 35

Describe a positive and negative result in the ELISA test

Answer 35

+= purple | – = clear

Question 36

What procedure should be done if you get a positive indirect ELISA

Answer 36

Direct ELISA test

Question 37

What is the role of the known antigen in the ELISA test

Answer 37

The protein binds to the bottom of the well by forming hydrophobic associations with the plastic surfaces

Question 38

What happens when the serum to be tested is added to the antigen-treated well

Answer 38

If the serum sample contains antibodies against the bound antigen, the antibodies will attach to the antigens, forming tight complexes

Question 39

Describe the role of the enzyme in the ELISA test

Answer 39

The enzyme catalyzes a chemical reaction that changes the color of the chromogen