Lab Values

Question 1

BEST indicator of kidney function.

Answer 1

GFR

Question 2

2nd best indicator of kidney function.

Answer 2

Creatinine

Question 3

Normal lab value of creatinine

if elevated?

Answer 3

0.6 - 1.2

A= Abnormal (Do nothing)

Question 4

INR

Monitors_______ therapy.

Answer 4

Warfarin

Question 5

INR therapeutic level:

If greater > 4 = which one ( A, B, C, D)?

Answer 5

therapeutic level: 2-3

If greater > 4 = C

HAPC
Hold Coumadin
Assess Bleeding
Prepare antidote: Vit K
Call HCP
*prob SATA question

Question 6

Potassium (K+)
don’t confuse with Vitamin K!!!!

normal lab value:

Answer 6

3.5-5.3 (notice same numbers)

Question 7

Potassium (K+)
don’t confuse with Vitamin K!!!!

if Low =

Answer 7

Low = C Critical Do something

1. Assess HR - 12 lead EKG
2. Prepare to give Potassium (K+)
3. Call HCP

Question 8

Potassium (K+)
Normal: 3.5-5.3
don’t confuse with Vitamin K!!!!

if HIGH 5.0-5.9 =
(HIGH but still in 5’s)

Answer 8

if HIGH 5.0-5.9 = C Critical Do something!
(HIGH but still in 5’s)

1. Hold Potassium
2. Assess heart
3. Prepare D50, Regular Insulin, Na Polysterene
4. Call HCP

Question 9

Potassium (K+)
don’t confuse with Vitamin K!!!!

if >6 = D Do something NOW!!!

Answer 9

if > 6 = D

do all of C (HIGH 5.0-5.9), as a team

Question 10

Normal value of pH

Answer 10

7.35 - 7.45

Question 11

if pH in the 6s =

Answer 11

D - Do something now!!!

1. Get vital signs
2. Call HCP

Question 12

Normal value
BUN
Blood Urea Nitrogen

Elevated=

Answer 12

8-30 (Bun packs of 8)

Elevated= B - Be concerned (Assess/Monitor)
Check for dehydration

Question 13

Hgb Hemoglobin

if 8-11 =

<8 =

Answer 13

normal value: 12-18

if 8-11 = B be concerned (Assess/Monitor)

<8 = C - transfuse

Question 14

HCO3

Bicarb

Answer 14

Normal 22-26

Abnormal = A (Do nothing)

Question 15

CO2

Answer 15

Normal 35-45

Question 16

CO2 Normal: 35-45

In 50’s = Critical (Do something!)

Answer 16

1. Assess respirations
2. Do pursed-lip breathing 1:3 or 1:4
   I:E 1:2- normal
   inspiratory: expiratory

Question 17

CO2 Normal: 35-45

In 60’s = D (Do something NOW!)

Answer 17

1. Assess respirations
2. Do pursed-lip breathing (if they can)
3. Prepare intubate & ventilate
4. Call HCP
5. Call respiratory therapist

Question 18

Hit hematocrit

Answer 18

36-54

Abnormal= B Be concerned (Assess/monitor)

Question 19

PO2 normal value

Answer 19

78-100

Question 20

PO2 normal 78-100

Low 70-77 =

Answer 20

Low 70-77 = C Critical Do something

Assess respirations
Give O2

Question 21

PO2 normal 78-100

Low <60’s =

Answer 21

Low <60’s = D DEADLY DANGEROUS (Do something now!)

1. Assess respirations
2. Give O2
3. Prepare intubate & ventilate
4. Call HCP
5. Call respiratory therapist

Question 22

02 Sat

Answer 22

93-100

<93 = C Critical (Do something)

Assess respirations
Give O2

Question 23

BNP
Good indicator of ___

Normal value:

Elevated =

Answer 23

CHF Congestive heart failure

<100

Elevated= B
assess lungs, edema

Question 24

Sodium

Abnormal =

If change in LOC =

Answer 24

135-145

Abnormal = B

If change in LOC = C

Question 25

WBC'S WBC WBC <5,000 =

Answer 25

NORMAL: 5,000 -11,000 WBC <5,000 = C

Question 26

WBC'S ANC: should be __ 500

Answer 26

Normal : ANC should be >500 ANC <500 = C

Question 27

WBC'S CD4: should be __200

Answer 27

Normal: CD4 should be > (more than 200) CD4 <200 = C

Question 28

Synonyms for low white blood cell count: L______ N______ Ag_______ Imm______

Answer 28

Leukopenia Neutropenia Agranulocytosis Immunosuppression

Question 29

Neutropenic Precautions 1. Strict ____ 2. Shower with _____ soap 3. ___ crowds 4. ______ room 5. ______ no. of staff 6. ____ visitors to _____ adults

Answer 29

1. hand washing 2. antimicrobial 3. avoid 4. private 5. limit 6. limit, healthy

Question 30

Neutropenic Precautions 7. No ____ flowers or ____ plants 8. Low ____ diet 9. Do not drink water standing longer than __ mins 10. VS q ___ hours

Answer 30

7. fresh, potted 8. Low bacteria diet (No raw fruits, veggies; no undercooked meat) 9. 15 mins 10. VS q 4 hours

Question 31

Neutropenic Precautions 11. Check WBC (ANC)____ 12. ___ use of indwelling catheter 13. Do not re-use cups must ... 14. Use _____ plate, cup, straw, plastic utensils 15. _____ items in room: stethoscope, BP cuff, thermometer, Gloves, toys

Answer 31

11. daily 12. AVOID 13. .. must wash between washes 14. use disposable 15. dedicated

Question 32

Platelets Wide range:

Answer 32

150,000 - 400,000

Question 33

Synonym for low platelet count

Answer 33

Thrombocytopenia

Question 34

Platelets | <90,000 =

Answer 34

Platelets | <90,000 = C Critical (Do something)

Question 35

Platelets | <40,000 =

Answer 35

Platelets <40,000 = D DEADLY DANGEROUS (DO SOMETHING NOW!!) Platelet transfusion

Question 36

Bleeding precautions 1. no _______ venipuncture-injection or IV. Use small gauge 2. Handle patient gently; use ___ 3. Use ____ razor 4. ___ toothbrush or flossing 5. ___ hard foods

Answer 36

1. unnecessary 2. drawsheet 3. electric 4. NO 5. NO

Question 37

Bleeding precautions 6. Well-fitting dentures (_____) 7. Blow nose ___ 8. ___ rectal temp, enema, suppository 9. ____ aspirin 10. _____contact sports

Answer 37

6. no rub 7. gently 8-10: NO

Question 38

Bleeding precautions 11. ___ walking in bare feet 12. ___ tight clothes or shoes 13. Use stool softener. No ___ 14. Notify MD of blood in urine, stool.

Answer 38

11. -12. : NO | 13. NO STRAINING

Question 39

RBC's

Answer 39

4-6 million Abnormal = B concerned (Assess/Monitor) Assess for bleeding

Question 40

Know the 5D's DEADLY K+ CO2

Answer 40

K+ more than 6 CO2 more than 60's DEADLY

Question 41

Know the 5D's DEADLY pH pO2 Plt

Answer 41

less than pH < 6 pO2 < 60's Plt < 40k

Question 42

When should you call a Rapid Response Team?

Answer 42

1. Symptomatic Pt & need more help | 2. Gut feeling