Lab Values Flashcards
1
Q
Sodium, Na+
A
136-145 mEq/L
2
Q
Potassium, K+
A
3.5 - 5.0 mEq/L
3
Q
Chloride, Cl-
A
97 - 108 mEq/L
4
Q
Calcium, Ca2+
A
9 - 10.5 mg/dL
5
Q
Phosphorous, P
A
2.5 - 4.5 mg/dL
6
Q
Magnesium, Mg2+
A
1.3 - 2.1 mg/dL
7
Q
Fasting blood glucose
A
<100 mg/dL
8
Q
Glycosylated hemoglobin without diabetes
A
4 - 5.6%
9
Q
Glycosylated hemoglobin with diabetes
A
5 - 7%
10
Q
Normal range for RBCs (F & M)
A
Females: 4.2 - 5.4 x 106 cells/uL —(5.4-4.2=1.2)Males: 4.7 - 6.1 x 106 cells/uL —(6.1-4.7=1.4)
11
Q
Interpretation of findings: High RBC
A
erythrocytosis, polycythemia, severe dehydration
12
Q
Interpretation of findings: Low RBC
A
anemia,hemorrhage, renal disease
13
Q
Normal range for Hct (hematocrit) (F & M)
A
Females: 37 - 47%Males: 42 - 52%
14
Q
Interpretation of findings: High Hct
A
erythrocytosis,COPD, severe dehydration
15
Q
Interpretation of findings: Low Hct
A
anemia, hemorrhage, renal disease
16
Q
Normal range for Hb (hemoglobin) (F & M)
A
Females: 12 - 16 g/dLMales: 14 - 18 g/dL
17
Q
Interpretation of findings: High Hb
A
erythrocytosisCOPDsevere dehydration
18
Q
Interpretation of findings: Low Hb
A
anemiahemorrhagerenal disease
19
Q
Normal range for MCH (mean corpuscular Hb)
A
27 - 31 pg/cell
20
Q
Interpretation of findings: High MCH
A
megaloblastic anemia
21
Q
Interpretation of findings: Low MCH
A
iron deficiency anemia
22
Q
Normal range for MCV (mean corpuscular volume)
A
80 - 95 fL
23
Q
Interpretation of findings: High MCV
A
megaloblastic anemia
24
Q
Interpretation of findings: Low MCV
A
iron deficiency anemia
25
Normal range for Platelets
150,000 - 400,000 cells/mm3
26
Interpretation of findings: High Platelets
malignancy,polycythemia, rheumatoid artritis
27
Interpretation of findings: Low Platelets
splenomegaly, hemorrhage, leukemia
28
Normal range for WBCs
5,000 - 10,000 cells/mm3
29
Interpretation of findings: High WBC
infection, inflammation
30
Interpretation of findings: Low WBC
immunosuppression, autoimmune disease
31
Normal range for Neutrophils
45 - 75 %
32
Normal range for Eosinophils
45 - 75%
33
Normal range for Basophils
0 - 1%
34
Normal range for ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate)
15 - 20 mm/hr
35
Interpretation of findings: High ESR
active inflammation, infection
36
Interpretation of findings: Low ESR
sickle cell disease; polycythemia
37
Normal range for Iron (F & M)
Females: 60 - 160 mcg/ dL; Males: 80 - 180 mcg/dL
38
Interpretation of findings: High Iron
liver disorder, lead toxicity
39
Interpretation of findings: Low Iron
iron deficiency, anemia, chronic blood loss
40
Normal range for PTT (prothrombin time)
30 - 40 seconds
41
Interpretation of findings: Increased PTT and PT
vitamin K deficiency, DIC, liver disease, heparin therapy
42
Interpretation of findings: Decreased PTT and PT
extensive cancer
43
Normal range for PT (partial thromboplastin time)
11 - 12.5 seconds
44
Normal Range for INR (International Normalized Ratio)
0.78 - 1.1
45
Interpretation of findings: High INR
warfarin therapy
46
Normal range for D-dimer
< 0.4 mcg/dL - a protein fragment in the blood that indicates whether a blood clot is present or breaking down
47
Interpretation of findings: High/ + D-dimer
DIC (Disseminated intravascular coagulation) , malignancy
48
Interpretation of findings: Low/ (-) D-dimer
R/O Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE)
49
Normal range for Fibrinogen
200 - 400 mg/dL
50
Interpretation of findings: High Fibrinogen
acute inflammation/ infectionheart disease
51
what does CBC stand for ? what does it evaluate?
Complete blood countRBC , WBC, PLT
52
what does ABG blood sample report?
the status of oxygenation and acid-base balance of the blood
53
Normal range for pH
7.35 - 7.45amount of free hydrogen ions in the arterial blood
54
Normal range for PaO2
80 - 100 mmHgpartial pressure of oxygen
55
Normal range for PaCO2
35 - 45 mmHgpartial pressure of carbon dioxide
56
Normal range for HCO3-
22-26 / 21 - 28 mEq/L concentration of bicarbonate in arterial blood
57
Normal range for Total cholesterol and its purpose
< 200 mg/dL sceening for heart disease
58
Normal range for LDL (Low-density lipoprotein) and its Purpose
<130mg/dL 'bad cholesterol' ; transports cholesterol from cells to liver
59
Normal range for Triglycerides (F & M) and its Purpose
Females: 35 - 135mg/dLMales: 40 - 160mg/dLHigher levels is associated with increased heart disease risk
60
Normal range for HDL (High-density lipoprotein) (F & M) and its Purpose
Females: >55mg/dLMales: >45mg/dL'good cholesterol' ; protects from heart disease by transporting cholesterol from cells to liver
61
Normal range for CK MB
30 - 170 units/Lits a cardiac enzymeprotein in blood that indicates myocardial injury
62
Timing after myocardial injury for CK MB: first detected and remains elevated
First detected 3 - 6 hours after injury Remaind elevated 2 - 3 days
63
Normal range for Troponin T
<0.1 ng/mLits a cardiac enzymeprotein in blood that indicates myocardial injury
64
Timing after myocardial injury for Troponin T: first detected and remains elevated
First detected 2 - 3 hours after injuryRemains elevated 10 - 14 days
65
Normal range for Asparate aminotransferase (AST)
0 -35 units/Lits a liver enzyme
66
Interpretation of findings: Elevated Asparate aminotransferase (AST)
presence of Hepatitis or Cirrhosis
67
Normal range for Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
4 - 36 units/Lits a liver enzyme
68
Interpreptation of findings: Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
presence of Hepatitis or Cirrhosis
69
Normal range for Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
30 -120 units/Lits a liver enzyme
70
Interpretation of findings: Elevated Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
presence of Liver damage
71
Normal range for Total bilirubin
0.3 - 1 mg/dL
72
Interpreptation of findings: Elevated Total bilirubin
Elevated with altered liver functionbile duct obstruction
73
Normal range for Direct (conjugated) bilirubin
0.1 - 0.3 mg/dL
74
Interpreptation of findings: Direct (conjugated) bilirubin
Elevated with altered liver functionbile duct obstruction
75
Normal range for Indirect (unconjugated) bilirubin
0.2 - 0.8 mg/dL
76
Interpreptation of findings: Elevated Indirect (unconjugated) bilirubin
Elevated with altered liver functionbile duct obstruction
77
Normal range for Albumin
3.5 - 5 g/dL
78
Interpreptation of findings: Decreased (low) Albumin
Liver disease
79
Normal range for Total protein (albumin + globulin)
6 - 8.3 g/dL
80
Interpreptation of findings: Decreased (low) Total protein (albumin + globulin)
liver disease
81
Normal range for Ammonia
10 - 80 mcg/dL
82
Interpreptation of findings: Elevated (high) Ammonia
liver disease
83
Normal range for Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
140 - 280 U/L
84
Interpreptation of findings: Elevated (high) Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
tissue damage from anemialiver diseaselung diseaseinfections
85
Normal range for Amylase
30 - 220 units/Lits a pancreatic enzyme
86
Interpreptation of findings: Elevated (high) Amylase
pancreatitis
87
Normal range for Lipase
0 - 160 units/Lits a pancreatic enzyme
88
Interpreptation of findings: Elevated (high) Lipase
pancreatitis
89
Normal range for Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
8 -20 mg/dL
90
Interpreptation of findings: for High Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
renal impairmentdehydration
91
Normal range for Creatinine (Cr)
0.6 - 1.2 mg/dL
92
Interpreptation of findings: High Creatinine (Cr)
renal impairment
93
Interpreptation of findings: Low Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
decreased renal function
94
Normal range for Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
> 90 ml/min
95
Normal range for Urinary output
30 ml/hrUrinalysis
96
Interpretation of findings: Low Urinary output
renal injury impairement
97
Normal range for Specific gravity
1.005 - 1.030 Urinalysis
98
Interpretation of findings: High Specific gravity
dehydration
99
Normal range for Urine pH and its usual values
Normal range: 4.5 - 8.0 Usual value: 6.0 - 7.5Urinalysis
100
Normal range for Ethanol
< 50 mg/dL or 0.05%its a blood test
101
legal alcohol limit for drivers (of ethanol levels)
0.08% ethanol level
