lab week 3

Question 1

What do scientist do?

Answer 1

make observations and form
and test hypotheses

Question 2

what does science mean in latin?

Answer 2

“to know”

Question 3

what is inquiry?

Answer 3

the search for information and
explanations of natural phenomena

Question 4

what do biologist do?

Answer 4

describe natural structures and processes

Question 5

what is data

Answer 5

recorded observations

Question 6

what are the 2 types of data and what are they?

Answer 6

qualitative data is recorded descriptions
quantitative data is numerical measurement, organized into tables and graphs

Question 7

what is a hypothesis

Answer 7

an explanation that leads to a
testable prediction

Question 8

what must a hypothesis lead to

Answer 8

testable predictions

Question 9

what is an experiment

Answer 9

a scientific test, carried out under controlled conditions

Question 10

what does inductive reasoning do

Answer 10

forms general conclusions from specific observations
“PROBABLE” conclusions not definite

Question 11

what does deductive reasoning do

Answer 11

forms specific conclusions from general observations
High degree of confidence
(if…then…)

Question 12

what is used in making predictions & designing experiments
inductive or deductive?

Answer 12

deductive reasoning

Question 13

can initial observations give rise to multiple hypothesis?

Answer 13

yes

Question 14

a hypothesis must be…

Answer 14

testable

Question 15

what is outside of the bounds of science

Answer 15

supernatural and religious explanations

Question 16

what can be used to make predictions

Answer 16

a testable hypothesis

Question 17

what investigates and tests predictions

Answer 17

experiments

Question 18

can we prove that a hypothesis is true?

Answer 18

no

Question 19

can we disprove a hypothesis?

Answer 19

yes

Question 20

can we find support for a hypothesis?

Answer 20

yes

Question 21

what are the 6 components of an experiment

Answer 21

independent, dependent and controlled variables, experimental units, experimental treatment, control treatment

Question 22

what is an independent variable

Answer 22

a factor that is changed in the experiment

Question 23

what are controlled variables

Answer 23

factors that are kept constant to make sure that any effects observed are due to the independent variable and not something else

Question 24

what are experimental units

Answer 24

organisms being studied in an experiment

Question 25

who receives experimental treatment

Answer 25

units with a changed independent variable

Question 26

who receives control treatment

Answer 26

units that have an un-changed independent variable

Question 27

what 3 decisions do you need to make before designing an experiment

Answer 27

-experimental units -equipment -location

Question 28

what will a well designed experiment have

Answer 28

treatments, controls and observations with the end analysis in mind

Question 29

can quantitative data be put through statistical tests

Answer 29

yes

Question 30

what can decrease bias

Answer 30

Randomization and blinding

Question 31

what is the scientific method

Answer 31

an idealized process of inquiry

Question 32

can you backtrack and “rethink” partway through the process?

Answer 32

yes

Question 33

what is replication and how can you do it

Answer 33

Making many repetitions of observations By having many experimental units and repeating experiments

Question 34

difference between hypothesis and scientific theory

Answer 34

a hypothesis is smaller scale and low confidence a theory is a larger scale (often combines multiple pieces) with high confidence

Question 35

what are hypothesis’ based on

Answer 35

observations and assumptions

Question 36

how can predictions be tested?

Answer 36

by making more observations or by performing experiments

Question 37

what variables are the same across all treatments

Answer 37

Dependent and controlled variables