labelling/interactionist theories of crime Flashcards
(12 cards)
what was Cicourel’s negotiation of justice study?
he found police officers typifications led them to focus on certain types .
for example, working class.
These areas controlled more so led to more arrests and sfp.
what does Becker believe about crime?
believes crime and deviance is socially constructed and differs over time and varies between culture.
For example, prostitution no in UK but yes in Amsterdam.
what does Becker believes about moral entrepreneurs?
he belives the social construction of crime is based on subjective decisions made by moral entrepreneurs. (powerful groups label)
how does the negotiation of justice study illustrate Beckers idea that crime is socially constructed?
m/c youth arrested and less likely to be charged as charges dropped by moral entrepreneurs.
justice seen as negotiable and not fixed supporting the idea of crime being a social construct.
what does Becker say about secondary deviance?
Becker argues labelling amplifies deviance.
the labelled gets a master status and which leads to the self fulfilling prophecy and a deviant careers.
how does Lemert support Beckers ideas on the consequences of labelling?
primary deviance = no label.
secondary deviance = crime that people get labelled for.
secondary deviance leads to a master status and a deviant career.
what study supports secondary deviance?
Jock Young - hippy marijuana study.
who studied folk devils and moral panics and what was there study?
Stan Cohen.
Mods v Rockers.
The media amplified deviance by creating a moral panic between the two groups which led to the self fulfilling prophecy and in turn more deviance.
deviance amplification spiral.
who studied different types of shaming and what was there study?
Braithwaite.
Reintegrative shaming = crime and primal separated and they can rejoin society. Used in the bastoy prison.
Disintegrative shaming = crime and criminal are seen as bad, they are both excluded from society and find it hard to rejoin.
how does Lemert argue labelling leads to mental illness?
someone who is labelled as odd/different can lead to them being labelled as paranoid =
- individual is unusual but sane.
- peers exclude them and they are labelled as weird.
- more unusual behaviour leads to more exclusion and labelling.
- individuals feel others conspiring against them.
- leads to paranoia.
what was Goffman’s study of labelling in asylums?
Goffman argues that the attachment of a label of a mental illness can become a self fulfilling prophecy.
When a patient enters a psychiatric hospital the patient’s personal identity is replaced by a new one ‘immate’.
what did Rosenhans study into labelling suggest?
He conducted a field experiment on being sane in insane place.
He suggested that labels were more important than the patients actual behaviour.
The participants found it difficult to remove their labels.
