Labour Relations Concepts

Question 1

Segmented

Answer 1

Labor markets exists when there are different skills and employment requiremnets

Question 2

Derived demand

Answer 2

Demand that is result of the demand for another

Question 3

Wage Rate

Answer 3

Payment for labour per hour, per week or per month

Question 4

Labor conventions

Answer 4

Labour Standards developed the international labour organization

Question 5

Collective bargaining

Answer 5

takes place when workers negotiate as a group with employers with regard to working conditions

Question 6

Bargaining councils

Answer 6

used to express the percentage of the population that is presenting itself for work and that is earning a wage

Question 7

Mediation

Answer 7

Negotiation to resolve differences that is conducted by an impartial party

Question 8

Labour force participation rate (LFPR)

Answer 8

the formula used to express the percentage of the population that is presenting itself for work and that is earning a wage

Question 9

Concilation

Answer 9

Bringing parties together and getting them to agree on a certain course of action

Question 10

Arbitration

Answer 10

The hearing and determination of dispute by an impartial referee

Question 11

Equality

Answer 11

all people receiving the same treatment

Question 12

what is a labour market (3)

Answer 12

-is a market where labour is traded
-is a factor market
-is a market where working terms are traded not the workers themselves

Question 13

What determines the wages paid within the labour market

Answer 13

supply and deman

Question 14

Differences between the labour and the goods market

Answer 14

non-monetary factors such as the location of employment are more important in the labour market

labour services are not transferable to other people but goods bought can easily be transferred between purchasers and sellers

Labour is always rented rather than sold

labour markets are usually characterised by trade unions

Labour is usually employed by means of long-term contracts

Labour is heterogenous

Remuneration for labour does not consist of only its wage

Question 15

Demanded is determined by which two factors

Answer 15

performance of the economy
productivity of labour

Question 16

how can productivity be calculated

Answer 16

%increase in output
—————————– x 100
%increase in input

Question 17

Supply of labour is effected by which 3 factors

Answer 17

population growth rate
labour force participation rate (LFPR)
skills and other competencies

Question 18

What determines wage rates

Answer 18

market demand and supply for labour

Question 19

what indicates market failure

Answer 19

when unemployment is in excess of its natural level

Question 20

what does a labour market failure show (5)

Answer 20

a shortage of skilled labour, workers that are in jobs that they are not best suited for, lack of training, and wages that are above or below the equilibrium wage rate

Question 21

two types of immobility of labour

Answer 21

geographic immobility- when workers find it difficult to move form one geographical area to another

Occupational immobility- where workers may not be trained for the kind of work available

Question 22

what is an oligopoly empoyer

Answer 22

when there are few employers and they have the power to determine the wage rate and employment

Question 23

how do trade unions worsen unemployment

Answer 23

they may push wage rates above equilibrium which prevents market clearing

Question 24

what is market inflexibilty

Answer 24

when labour market fails to adjust to changing conditions because workers are overprotected

Question 25

what is the purpose of the labor relations act (LRA)

Answer 25

to advance economic development, social justice, labour peace and democratization of the workplace

Question 26

what does the labour relations act do (7)

Answer 26

governs relationships between employers and employee
enforces rights
set rules so employees are managed fairly
ensure employees earn fairly
ensures employees perform well
provides the framework for collective bargaining
promotes effective resolution of labour disputes

Question 27

What is the purpose and primary of objective of the Basic Conditions of Employment Act (BCEA)

Answer 27

Purpose:
advance economic development and social justice
Primary objective:
ensures workers rights to primary objective

Question 28

issues covered in the BCEA (5)

Answer 28

working hrs
leave and sick leave
holidays
wages/ salaries/ deductions
termination

Question 29

what does the Compensation for Occupational Injuries and Disease Act (COIDA) provide

Answer 29

provides payment of compensation for disability caused by injuries or diseases in execution of work duties

Question 30

the Compensation for Occupational Injuries and Disease Act (COIDA) applies to any employee except (6)

Answer 30

any employee guilty of misconduct
domestic workers
people doing military training
Sa police/defence force
foreigners
people who are temporarily employed

Question 31

what are workplace forums

Answer 31

formal meetings between the representatives of labour union and employers

Question 32

what is the bargaining council

Answer 32

group of representatives from labour unions and the employers organizations

Question 33

what is a labour/trade union

Answer 33

a workers association that aims to help employees achieve good wages and working conditions from employers though collective bargaining

Question 34

what is the Commission for Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration (CCMA)

Answer 34

independent statutory body that provides fair judgment and mediation between opposing parties in the working environments as well as info on good labour practice