Labs

Question 0

Potassium (K+)

Answer 0

3.5-5.1

Question 1

Sodium (Na+)

Answer 1

135-145 mEq/L

Question 2

Chloride (Cl-)

Answer 2

95-105

Question 3

Bicarbonate (as CO2 combining power)

Answer 3

22-30 mEq/L

Question 4

Calcium(Ca++)

Answer 4

4.5-5.5 mEq/L

Question 5

Calcium(ionized)

Answer 5

2. 2-2.5 mEq/L

4. 4-5.9 mg/dl

Question 6

Magnesium (Mg++)

Answer 6

1. 5-2.5 mEq/L

1. 8-3.0 mg/dL

Question 7

Phosphorus

Answer 7

2.5-4.5 mg/dL

Question 8

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Answer 8

5-25 mg/dL

Question 9

Creatinine

Answer 9

0.5-1.5 mg/dL

Question 10

Osmolality

Answer 10

280-300 mOsm/kg

Question 11

Protein

Answer 11

6.0-8.0 g/dL

Question 12

Albumin

Answer 12

3.5-5g/dL

Question 13

pH (arterial)

Answer 13

7.35-7.45

Question 14

pCO2 (mm Hg)

Answer 14

35-45

Question 15

HCO3-(mEq/L)

Answer 15

22-26

Question 16

SaO2(%)

Answer 16

95-100

Question 17

Respiratory acidosis

Answer 17

ph less than 7.35 CO2 greater than 45

Question 18

respiratory alkalosis

Answer 18

pH greater than 7.45 CO2 less than 35

Question 19

metabolic acidosis

Answer 19

pH less than 7.35 HCO3 less than 22

Question 20

metabolic alkalosis

Answer 20

pH greater than 7.45

HCO3 greater than 26

Question 21

Potassium labs are used to

Answer 21

Evaluate cardiac function, renal function,gastrointestinal function, and the need for IV replacement therapy.

Clients with elevated wbc counts and platelet counts may have falsely elevated potassium levels

The body obtains potassium through dietary ingestion and the kidneys preserve or excrete potassium, depending on cellular need.

Question 22

Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)

Answer 22

Evaluates how well the coagulation sequence (intrinsic clotting system) is functioning by measuring the amount of time it takes in seconds for recalcified citrated plasma to clot after partial thromboplastin is added to it.

Question 23

Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) screens for

Answer 23

deficiencies and inhibitors of all factors, except factors VII and XII

Question 24

Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is used to monitor

Answer 24

The effectiveness of heparin therapy and screen for coagulation disorders

Question 25

Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) values

Answer 25

20 to 36 seconds, depending on the type of activator used

Question 26

With (aptt) if the client is receiving intermittent heparin therapy draw the blood sample _______ hour before the next scheduled dose.

Answer 26

One

Question 27

With aPTT do not draw samples from an arm into which________ is infusing

Answer 27

Heparin

Question 28

With aPTT provide direct pressure to the vein puncture site for

Answer 28

3 to 5 minutes

Question 29

The aPTT should be between ____ and ______ times normal when the client is receiving heparin therapy

Answer 29

1.5 and 2.5

Question 30

Prothrombin time (PT) measures

Answer 30

The amount of time it takes in seconds for clot formation and is used to monitor response to warfarin sodium (Coumadin) therapy or to screen for dysfunction of the extrinsic clotting system resulting from liver disease, vitamin k deficiency, or disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Question 31

A PT value within -___ seconds (plus or minus) of the control is considered normal

Answer 31

2 seconds

Question 32

PT Values

Answer 32

9.6 to 11.8 seconds (male adult) 9.5 to 11.3 seconds(adult female) INR: 2 to 3 for standard warfarin therapy INR: 3 to 4.5 for high dose warfarin therapy

Question 33

Diets high in _____________ can increase the absorption of vitamin k, which shortens the PT.

Answer 33

Green leafy vegetables

Question 34

Platelets are produced by the

Answer 34

Bone marrow to function in hemostasis

Question 35

Platelets value

Answer 35

150,000 to 400,000 cells/mm

Question 36

Monitor the platelet count closely in clients receiving chemotherapy because of the risk for

Answer 36

Thrombocytopenia

Question 37

Magnesium is used as an index to determine

Answer 37

Metabolic activity and renal function

Question 38

Magnesium is needed in the

Answer 38

Blood clotting mechanism, regulates neuromuscular activity,acts as a cofactor that modifies the activity of many enzymes, and has an effect on the metabolism of calcium

Question 39

Nursing considerations for magnesium

Answer 39

Prolonged use of magnesium products causes increased serum levels Long term par enteral nutrition therapy or excessive loss of body fluids may decrease serum levels

Question 40

Phosphorus is absorbed from______ and is excreted by the _____

Answer 40

Food, kidneys

Question 41

Nursing consideration for phosphorus lab

Answer 41

Instruct the client to fast before test

Question 42

Phosphorus is important in

Answer 42

Bone formation, energy storage and release, urinary acid base buffering, and carbohydrate metabolism

Question 43

If the aPTT is too short, less than ____ seconds, the dosage should be

Answer 43

60, increased

Question 44

If the aPTT is too ____ , longer than _____ seconds the dosage should be lowered

Answer 44

Long, 80

Question 45

Creatinine, Blood

Answer 45

to assess kidney function found in acute and chronic renal failure

Question 46

Creatinine,Urine, and Creatinine Clearance, Urine

Answer 46

to assess and monitor kidney function related to acute or chronic nephritis