Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nursing General > Labs > Flashcards

Labs Flashcards

1
Q

Hemoglobin (Hgb)

A

Females 12-16
Males 14-18
Measures oxygen carrying proteins in the blood. Low hemoglobin can mean anemia, high hemoglobin can be from high altitude, smoking, dehydration, polycythemia.

Hct:Hb should be 3:1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Hematocrit (Hct)

A

Female 37-47%
Male- 42-52%

Measures percentage if volume of whole blood made up of red cells.

Hct:Hb should be 3:1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

BUN

A

Normal range: 10 - 25
Blood Urea Nitrogen- Indicator of kidney and liver function. how well they remove waste from blood. High BUN = lower kidney function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Creatinine

A

Normal range: 1.2 - 1.5

Product of muscle breakdown, produced at fairly constant rate. Indicator of renal function.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Creatinine clearance

A

Normal range: 85 - 135

Amount of blood the kidneys can make creatinine-free each minute. Helps estimate GFR. An indicator of kidney function.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Serum Albumin

A

3.5 - 5.0
Indicator of kidney and liver function. Low can mean liver disease, inflammation, malnutrition, shock, nephrotic syndrome, Crohn’s, celiac & burns. High can mean dehydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Potassium

A

3.5- 5.0
Electrolyte. Hyperkalemia can mean kidney disease, hypoaldosteronism, addisons, diabetes, dehydration, infection etc. Hypokalmia can be from nausea/vomiting or diuretics.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Chloride

A

98-106
High level usually indicates dehydration

*value from ATI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Sodium

A

136-145

Maintains osmotic pressure, acid-base balance and nerve transmission. Low sodium leads to seizures/neuron symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Specific gravity

A

1.010 - 1.030

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Calcium

A

9-11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Magnesium

A

1.3 - 2.1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Phosphate

A

3.0 - 4.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Serum Osmolarity

A

285 - 295 mOsmol/L

ATI said 270-300 in a sample question rationale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Glycosylated Hemoglobin

A

4-6%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

pH

A

7.35- 7.45

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

HC03

A

22-26

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

PCO2

A

35-45

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

PO2

A

80-100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

O2 saturation

A

96-100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Metabolic Alkalosis

A

pH- HIGH
PCO2- HIGH
HCO3- HIGH

22
Q

Metabolic Acidosis

A

pH- Low
PCO2- Low
HCO3- Low

23
Q

Respiratory Alkalosis

A

pH- HIGH
PCO2- Low
HCO3- Low

24
Q

Respiratory Acidosis

A

pH- Low
PCO2- HIGH
HCO3- HIGH

25
Q

CVP

A

Central venous pressure. Reflects right sides filling pressures. Primarily used to monitor fluid volume status. Fluid overload, vasoconstriction, and cardiac tamponade INCREASE CVP. 3-11 or 2-8

26
Q

Platelets

A

150,000 - 450,000

27
Q

Neutrophils

A

Fights bacterial infection. Innate. 2,500 - 8,000

28
Q

Lymphocytes

A

1000 - 4000

29
Q

RBCs

A

3.2 - 5.2

30
Q

WBC

A

4,000-10,000

31
Q

ESR

A

0-20

32
Q

PTT

A

1.5-2 times normal range
30-40 sec. / 1.5-2.5 Therapeutic anticoag range

Measures intrinsic clotting factors. Monitored for heparin therapy.
High- too much heparin, hemophelia, DIC, liver disease.

33
Q

PT/INR

A

11-14 seconds or
84-100% or 1:1 client control ratio

High- defied you or clotting issue
Low- vitamin K excess

34
Q

Bilirubin

A

0.1 - 1.0

35
Q

ALT AST

A

8-20

36
Q

Digoxin

A

0.5- 2

Toxic >2.5

37
Q

Dilantin

A

10- 20

Toxic >30

38
Q

Theophylline

A

10-20

Toxic >20

39
Q

Tylenol

A

Toxic >4000mg/day

40
Q

Troponin

A

Less than .35

41
Q

Lithium

A

0.5 - 1.5 narrow therapeutic range

42
Q

ADH / Vasopressin

A

Anti diuretic hormone

Increases permeability of renal distal tubules, causing kidneys to reabsorb water. Allows the body to hold onto water.

43
Q

CPK

Creatinine phosphokinase

A

22- 198
marker of damage of CK-rich tissue such as in myocardial infarction (heart attack), rhabdomyolysis (severe muscle breakdown), muscular dystrophy, the autoimmune myositides and in acute renal failure. High level indicates damage

44
Q

Cardiac output

A

4-8 liters per minute

45
Q

INR

A

2-3 on warfarin/Coumadin

Measures mean of PT clients PT divided by average PT.

46
Q

D-Dimer

A

0.43- 2.33 mcg/mL or 0-250 ng/ml.
Measures hypercoagulabity of blood

High- indicates clot formation has occurred

47
Q

CMP

A

Complete metabolic panel. Measures glucose, electrolytes, fluid balance, kidney function and liver function.

48
Q

GFR

A

90- 120 ml/min

49
Q

ICP (intracranial pressure)

A

5-15.

50
Q

BNP

A

Brain natriuretic peptide

Higher levels are an Indication of heart failure. 
100-300 some HF is present
Above 300 mild HF
Above 600 moderate HF
Above 900 severe
51
Q

Lactate

A

0.5-1.5

Nursing General (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions