Landing gear and Brakes Flashcards
(127 cards)
1
Q
What does the Landing Gear Lever do when set to OFF?
A
OFF - landing gear hydraulic system depressurized.
2
Q
What is the function of the Landing Gear Lever LOCK Override (OVRD) switch?
A
Push - releases Landing Gear lever lock.
3
Q
What does the NOSE/BODY Alternate (ALTN) GEAR EXTEND switch do?
A
ALTN - nose/body landing gear extends by alternate extension system.
4
Q
What does the WING Alternate (ALTN) GEAR EXTEND switch do?
A
ALTN - wing landing gear extends by alternate extension system.
5
Q
What happens when the Rudder/Brake Pedals are pushed fully?
A
Push full pedal: turns nose wheel up to 7° in either direction, does not activate body gear steering
6
Q
What does the AUTOBRAKES Selector do when set to OFF?
A
OFF - deactivates and resets system.
7
Q
What happens when the AUTOBRAKES Selector is set to DISARM?
A
DISARM: disengages autobrake, releases brake pressure
8
Q
What do the AUTOBRAKES Selector settings 1, 2, 3, 4, and MAX AUTO indicate?
A
1, 2, 3, 4, MAX AUTO: increasing autobrake deceleration rates, brakes apply at touchdown
9
Q
What does the AUTOBRAKES Selector RTO setting do?
A
RTO: rejected takeoff braking, applies maximum brake pressure when thrust levers retarded to idle above 85 knots
10
Q
What does the BRAKE ACCUMULATOR PRESSURE INDICATOR show?
A
Indicates brake accumulator pressure.
11
Q
What does the BRAKE SOURCE Light indicate when illuminated?
A
Illuminated (amber) - active brake hydraulic sources (hydraulic systems 4, 1, and 2) have low pressure.
12
Q
What does the Gear Position Indication show when DOWN (green) is displayed?
A
DOWN (green) - all landing gear down and locked.
13
Q
What does the Gear Position Indication show when crosshatched (white) is displayed?
A
Crosshatched (white) - one or more landing gear in transit.
14
Q
What does the Gear Position Indication show when UP (white) is displayed?
A
UP (white) - all landing gear up and locked (blanks after 10 seconds).
15
Q
What does the Gear Position Indication show when an empty box (white) is displayed?
A
Empty box (white) - all landing gear position indicators inoperative.
16
Q
What does the Expanded Gear Position Indication X (amber) indicate?
A
X (amber) - landing gear position indicators inoperative.
17
Q
How is the landing gear synoptic displayed?
A
The landing gear synoptic is displayed by pushing the GEAR synoptic display switch on the display select panel.
18
Q
What do Brake Temperature values indicate on the GEAR synoptic display?
A
Indicates a relative value of wheel brake temperature: values range from 0 to 9, white - normal range; 0 to 4, amber - high range; 5 or higher
19
Q
What does the Gear Door Status crosshatched indicate on the GEAR synoptic display?
A
Crosshatched - door not closed.
20
Q
What does the Gear Door Status CLOSED (white) indicate on the GEAR synoptic display?
A
CLOSED (white) - door closed.
21
Q
What does the Gear Door Status empty box(es) (white) indicate on the GEAR synoptic display?
A
Empty box(es) (white) - respective landing gear door position indicators inoperative.
22
Q
What do Tire Pressure Indications show on the GEAR synoptic display?
A
Displays individual tire pressures: white - normal range, amber - abnormal high or low range
23
Q
What does the Disabled System Message TILT (amber) indicate?
A
TILT (amber) - main gear truck not in full tilt positions.
24
Q
What does the Disabled System Message ANTISKID (white) indicate?
A
white - status message if a fault is detected in the anti-brake system or if the parking brake valve is not fully open with the parking brake released
25
What does the Disabled System Message ANTISKID (amber) indicate?
amber - advisory message if: an antiskid system malfunction is detected, a normal antiskid valve fails when using the normal brake source, an alternate value fails when using the alternate brake source, or the parking brake valve is not fully opened with the parking brake switch not in the set position and the EICAS message ANTISKID is displayed
26
What does the Disabled System Message LIMITER (white) indicate?
white - status message if there is a malfunction of one brake torque limiter channel on a landing gear truck
27
What does the Disabled System Message LIMITER (amber) indicate?
amber - advisory message if: brake torque limiter malfunctions to two or more channels on the same landing gear truck, power is lost to the brake control unit, or the parking brake valve is not fully opened with the parking brake switch is not in the set position. The EICAS message BRAKE LIMITER displays
28
What does the Tire Pressure Indication show for abnormal conditions?
amber - abnormal high or low pressure, or abnormal difference between axle mates
29
How many main landing gear and nose gear does the airplane have?
The airplane has four main landing gear and a single nose gear.
30
What type of unit is the nose gear?
The nose gear is a conventional steerable two-wheel unit.
31
What are the characteristics of the main gear?
The main gear consist of two steerable body gear and two non-steerable wing gear. Each main gear has four wheels per truck in tandem pairs.
32
Why must the main gear trucks be tilted and centered?
The main gear trucks must be tilted and centered to allow retraction into the wheel wells.
33
Which hydraulic system powers nose and body gear retraction, extension, and steering?
Hydraulic power for nose and body gear retraction, extension, and steering is supplied by hydraulic system 1.
34
Which hydraulic system powers wing gear retraction and extension?
Power to retract and extend the wing gear is provided by hydraulic system 4.
35
What powers the normal brake system?
The normal brake system is powered by hydraulic system 4.
36
What powers the alternate brake system?
The alternate brake system is powered by hydraulic system 1 or 2.
37
What displays brake temperature and tire pressure for specific aircraft?
N919CA, N952CA, N936CA, N537CA, A brake temperature monitor system and tire pressure indication system displays each brake temperature and tire pressure on the GEAR synoptic display.
38
What displays brake temperature for specific aircraft?
N756CA, N702CA, N729CA, N663CA, A brake temperature monitor system displays each brake temperature on the GEAR synoptic display.
39
How does the air/ground sensing system function?
In flight and ground operation of various airplane systems are controlled by the air/ground sensing system and a nose gear extension sensing system.
40
What do main gear tilt sensors indicate?
A combination of main gear tilt sensors indicate the gear are tilted (air mode) or not tilted (ground mode) to provide an air/ground signal to relays which control various system functions.
41
What does nose gear extension sensing provide?
Nose gear extension sensing provides a signal to relays controlling functions in the stall warning and nose gear steering systems.
42
How is the Landing Gear lever normally controlled on the ground?
On the ground, an automatic lever lock prevents movement of the lever from OFF to UP.
43
How can the Landing Gear lever lock be manually overridden?
The lever lock can be manually overridden by pushing and holding the Landing Gear Lever (1) Lock Override switch.
44
When is the Landing Gear lever lock released in flight?
In flight, the lever lock is released when the main gear are tilted and the body gear is centered.
45
What happens to the main gear during takeoff?
All four main gear hydraulically tilt as the airplane lifts off the runway.
46
What happens to the main gear during landing?
During landing, ground load brings the gear to a level position.
47
What does the TILT disabled system message indicate for specific aircraft?
N729CA, N756CA, N702CA, If any main gear is not tilted in flight, the disabled system message TILT displays on the gear synoptic adjacent to the affected gear.
48
How many gear doors does each wing gear have?
Each wing gear has one hydraulically actuated and one mechanically actuated gear door.
49
How many gear doors does each body gear have?
Each body gear has one hydraulically actuated and two mechanically actuated gear doors.
50
How many gear doors does the nose gear have?
The nose gear has two hydraulically actuated and two mechanically actuated gear doors.
51
What happens when the Landing Gear lever is moved to UP?
When the Landing Gear lever is moved to UP, the landing gear doors open, automatic braking occurs, and the landing gear begin to retract.
52
What does the EICAS landing gear position indication show during retraction?
The EICAS landing gear position indication display changes from a green DOWN indication to a white crosshatch in-transit indication as the landing gear retract into the wheel wells.
53
How are the main gear held after retraction?
After retraction, the main gear are held in the up position by uplocks.
54
How is the nose gear held after retraction?
The nose gear is mechanically locked in the up position.
55
What happens to the EICAS landing gear position indication after retraction?
The EICAS landing gear position indication changes to UP for 10 seconds and then blanks.
56
What does positioning the Landing Gear lever to OFF do after retraction?
Positioning the Landing Gear lever to OFF depressurizes the landing gear system.
57
What happens if a gear is not up and locked after normal transit time?
If any gear is not up and locked up after the normal transit time, the EICAS gear position indication changes to the expanded non-normal format, with the affected gear displayed as in-transit, or down if the gear never unlocked from the down position.
58
What happens when the Landing Gear lever is moved to DN?
When the Landing Gear lever is moved to DN, the landing gear doors open, the gear are unlocked, and the in-transit indication is displayed on the EICAS landing gear position indication.
59
How are the gear powered during normal extension?
The gear are hydraulically powered to the down and locked position.
60
What happens to the downlocks and gear doors during normal extension?
The downlocks are powered to the locked position, all hydraulically actuated gear doors close, and the main gear trucks hydraulically tilt to the flight position.
61
What does the EICAS gear position indication show when all gear are down and locked?
When all gear are down and locked, the EICAS gear position indication displays DOWN.
62
What happens if any gear position disagrees with the lever position after normal transit time?
If any gear position disagrees with lever position after the normal transit time the EICAS gear position indication changes to the expanded non-normal format, with the affected gear displayed as in transit (or UP if the gear never unlocked from the up position).
63
How is alternate gear extension activated?
Alternate gear extension is activated by pushing the Alternate Gear Extend switches.
64
What happens to the gear during alternate extension?
The gear uplocks and gear door latches are electrically released, allowing the gear to free fall. Gravity and airloads extend the gear and springs pull the downlocks into the locked position.
65
What happens to the gear doors after alternate extension?
All gear doors remain open for the affected gear after alternate extension.
66
What does the EICAS display show during alternate gear extension?
The EICAS landing gear position indication displays the expanded gear position indication when the alternate extension system is used.
67
Which hydraulic system powers nose wheel and body gear steering?
Nose wheel and body gear steering is powered by hydraulic system 1.
68
How is primary low-speed steering controlled?
Primary low speed steering control is provided by a nose wheel steering tiller for each pilot.
69
What is the maximum steering angle of the nose wheels using the tillers?
The tillers can turn the nose wheels up to 70 degrees in either direction.
70
How much steering control is available through the rudder pedals?
The rudder pedals can be used to turn the nose wheels up to 7 degrees in either direction.
71
What overrides rudder pedal inputs for steering?
Tiller inputs override rudder pedal inputs.
72
When does body gear steering operate?
Body gear steering operates when the nose wheel steering angle exceeds 20 degrees.
73
What is the purpose of body gear steering?
This reduces tire scrubbing and lets the airplane turn in a minimum radius.
74
When is body gear steering activated?
Body gear steering is activated when ground speed decreases through 15 knots.
75
When is body gear steering deactivated?
As speed increases through 20 knots, the body gear is hydraulically centered and body gear steering is deactivated.
76
What type of brakes does each main gear wheel have?
Each main gear wheel has a multiple disc carbon brake.
77
Do the nose wheels have brakes?
The nose wheels have no brakes.
78
What powers the normal brake hydraulic system?
The normal brake hydraulic system is powered by hydraulic system 4.
79
How do the brake pedals function in the normal brake system?
The brake pedals provide independent control of the left and right brakes.
80
What powers the alternate brake hydraulic system if hydraulic system 4 pressure is low?
If hydraulic system 4 pressure is low, hydraulic system 1 supplies pressure to the alternate brake hydraulic system.
81
What powers the alternate brake system if both hydraulic systems 4 and 1 are low?
If hydraulic pressure in systems 4 and 1 are low, system 2 powers the alternate brake system.
82
What happens when hydraulic systems 4, 1, and 2 lose pressure?
Loss of hydraulic systems 4, 1, and 2 causes the brake source light to illuminate.
83
What does the brake accumulator provide?
The brake accumulator provides for parking brake application.
84
Is antiskid protection provided in both brake systems?
Antiskid protection is provided in the normal and alternate brake hydraulic systems.
85
How does antiskid protection work in the normal brake system?
The normal brake hydraulic system provides each main gear wheel with individual antiskid protection. When a wheel speed sensor detects a skid, the associated antiskid valve reduces brake pressure until skidding stops.
86
How does antiskid protection work in the alternate brake system?
The alternate brake hydraulic system provides antiskid protection to lateral wheel pairs (forward and/or aft pair on each truck) rather than to individual wheels.
87
How is touchdown and hydroplaning protection provided?
Touchdown and hydroplaning protection is provided using airplane inertial ground speed.
88
How is locked wheel protection provided?
Locked wheel protection is provided using a comparison with other wheel speeds.
89
What does the ANTISKID disabled system message indicate for specific aircraft?
N756CA, N702CA, N729CA, If antiskid power is off on all wheels, or the parking brake valve is not fully open, or a brake system control unit power loss occurs, the disabled system message ANTISKID displays on the gear synoptic adjacent to the affected wheels.
90
What is the function of the brake torque sensor?
A brake torque sensor is provided at each wheel. The sensors detect excessive torque during braking to prevent damage to landing gear.
91
How does the brake torque limiter work in the normal brake system?
When excessive torque is detected, a signal is sent to the antiskid valve to release brake pressure to that wheel.
92
How does the brake torque limiter work in the alternate brake system?
If the alternate brake system is used, brake torque is sensed on an individual wheel basis, however the signal is sent to the alternate antiskid valve and brake pressure is released on a laterally paired wheel basis.
93
What does the LIMITER disabled system message indicate for specific aircraft?
N756CA, N702CA, N729CA, If a brake torque limiter failure occurs on more than one wheel per truck, or the parking brake lever is released and the parking brake valve is not fully open, or a brake system control unit power loss occurs, the disabled system message LIMITER displays on the gear synoptic adjacent to the affected wheels.
94
What does the autobrake system provide?
The autobrake system provides braking at preselected deceleration rates for landing and full pressure for rejected takeoff.
95
When does the autobrake system operate?
The system operates only when the normal brake and antiskid systems are functioning.
96
Is antiskid protection provided during autobrake operation?
Antiskid system protection is provided during autobrake operation.
97
What conditions trigger maximum braking in RTO mode?
The RTO autobrake setting commands maximum braking pressure if: the airplane is on the ground, groundspeed is above 85 knots, and all thrust levers are closed
98
Does RTO autobrake function below 85 knots?
If an RTO is initiated below 85 knots, the RTO autobrake function does not operate.
99
How many deceleration levels can be selected for landing with the autobrake system?
Five levels of deceleration can be selected for landing.
100
How does autobrake deceleration compare to full pedal braking on dry runways?
On dry runways, the maximum autobrake deceleration rate in the landing mode is less than that produced by full pedal braking.
101
When does autobrake application begin after landing?
After landing, autobrake application begins when: all thrust levers are closed, ground mode is sensed, and the wheels have spun up
102
How does the autobrake system maintain deceleration?
To maintain the selected airplane deceleration rate, autobrake pressure is reduced as other controls, such as thrust reversers and spoilers, contribute to total deceleration.
103
Does the autobrake system stop the airplane completely?
The system provides braking to a complete stop or until it is disarmed.
104
What causes the autobrake system to disarm immediately?
The system disarms immediately if any of the following occur: pedal braking applied, any Thrust lever advanced after landing, Speedbrake lever moved to DOWN detent after speedbrakes have deployed on the ground, DISARM or OFF position selected on Autobrakes selector, autobrake fault, normal antiskid system fault, loss of normal brake hydraulic pressure
105
What happens to the Autobrakes selector after disarming post-landing?
When the autobrake system disarms after landing, the Autobrakes selector moves to DISARM position.
106
What happens to the Autobrakes selector during takeoff if the system disarms?
When the autobrake system disarms during takeoff, the Autobrakes selector remains in RTO position, but moves to OFF after takeoff.
107
Can the parking brake be set without hydraulic pressure?
The parking brake can be set with the normal or alternate brake hydraulic system pressurized. If the normal and alternate brake systems are not pressurized, parking brake pressure is maintained by the brake accumulator.
108
What pressurizes the brake accumulator?
The brake accumulator is pressurized by hydraulic system 4.
109
Is the brake accumulator designed to stop the aircraft?
Sufficient pressure is stored in the accumulator to set and hold the parking brake, but the accumulator is not designed to stop the aircraft.
110
How is the parking brake set?
The parking brake is set by fully depressing both brake pedals, pulling the Parking Brake lever up, then releasing the pedals.
111
What mechanically happens when the parking brake is set?
This mechanically latches the pedals in the depressed position and commands the parking brake valve to close.
112
What happens to hydraulic fluid when the parking brake is set?
When the parking brake is set, the first hydraulic system pressurized may supply a small amount of fluid to the brake lines.
113
What happens to hydraulic fluid when the brakes are released?
When brakes are released, that small amount of fluid returns to hydraulic system 4.
114
Why should hydraulic system 4 be pressurized first?
Pressurizing hydraulic system 4 before pressurizing the other hydraulic systems precludes the transfer of hydraulic fluid from system 1 or 2 into system 4.
115
How are tire pressures displayed for specific aircraft?
N919CA, N952CA, N936CA, N537CA, Tire pressures, from 0 to 400 PSI, display beside the individual wheel symbols on the GEAR synoptic display.
116
What does the AIR/GND SYSTEM advisory message indicate?
Air/ground sensing system failed to air position.
117
What does the ANTISKID advisory message indicate?
Fault detected in antiskid system. Fault in active antiskid system, either normal or alternate, results in loss of antiskid protection to one or more wheels.
118
What does the ANTISKID OFF advisory message indicate?
Antiskid power off on all wheels, or parking brake lever released and parking brake valve not fully open, or brake system control unit power loss occurs.
119
What does the AUTOBRAKES advisory message indicate?
Autobrake disarmed or inoperative, or autobrake armed with Autobrakes selector OFF, or RTO initiated above 85 knots and autobrake has not been applied.
120
What does the >BODY GEAR STRG advisory message indicate?
Body gear steering unlocked when commanded locked, or pressurized when not commanded.
121
What does the BRAKE LIMITER advisory message indicate?
Brake torque limiter failure on more than one wheel per truck, or parking brake lever released and parking brake valve not fully open, or brake unit control system power loss.
122
What does the >BRAKE SOURCE caution message indicate?
Brake system pressures from hydraulic systems 1, 2, and 4 are low.
123
What does the BRAKE TEMP advisory message indicate?
Temperature of one or more brakes excessive. Brake temperature equal to or greater than 5 units.
124
What does the GEAR DISAGREE caution message indicate?
Gear position disagrees with Landing Gear lever position after normal transit time.
125
What does the GEAR DOOR advisory message indicate?
One or more gear doors not closed after normal gear transit time. Inhibited if alternate gear extension selected.
126
What does the GEAR TILT caution message indicate?
Main gear trucks not in full tilt position.
127
What does the >TIRE PRESSURE advisory message indicate for specific aircraft?
N919CA, N952CA, N936CA, N537CA, N569CA, One or more tire pressures out of limits.
