Language Flashcards
What is aphasia?
Partial or complète loss of the ability to comprehend and/or produce language as a means of communicating meaningful statements
What is the Wada test
- Used to determine hémisphère dominant for speech
- inject short-acting anesthetic into the carotid artery
Where is Broca’s area located? What does this area near the Broca area control?
It is near the motor cortex area controlling mouth and lips
What is Wenicke’s aphasia?
- Sensory or receptive aphasia
- speech is fluent
- person has no difficulty speaking but can not understand language heard or read
- speech content doesn’t make sense
Where is Wernicke’s area?
Near auditory cortex
What is Broca’s area important for?
For the articulation of speech. In Broca’s aphasia grammar and syntax are disrupted
What is Wernicke’s area important for?
Processing speech sounds and for recognizing spoken words.
How does Wenicke’s area project to Broca?
Via the arcuate fasciculus in angular gyrus
Explain the “repeating spoken word” task in the Wernicke-Gescwind model
- sounds are not understood as meaningful words until they are processed in Wernicke’s area
- to repeat words, word-based signals are passed to Broca’s area via arcuate fasciculus
- in Broca’s area words are converted to code for muscle movements for speech and sent to motor cortex
Explain the “reading a written word aloud” task in the Wernicke-Gescwind model
- visual signals are sent to angular gyrus
- transformation of signal. Output of angular gyrus generates same pattern of activity in Wernicke’s area as if words were spoken
- signals are passed to Broca’s area via arcuate fasciculus
- in Broca’s area words are converted to code for muscle movements for speech and sent to motor cortex
What is a conduction aphasia?
- Lesion in path from Wernicke’s area to Broca’s area
- usually parietal lobe lesions affecting arcuate gyrus
- Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas are spared
- comprehension and speech are good
- difficulty in repeating words and phrases that are heard or read
- deficit occurs between regions involved in comprehension and speech
Why do we consider the at W-Ges model is a simplification?
- words read don’t have to go through W’s area
- most aphasias involve both comprehension and speech deficits
What does the McGurk effect show?
It shows that visual articulatory information is integrated into our perception of speech
