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Language Flashcards

(55 cards)

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1
Q

Alliteration

A

A

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2
Q

Apophasis

A

Semi-blackmail
Rhetorical device that manipulates
Eg. I know I need not even ask you to aid.

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3
Q

Anaphora

A

Repetition of the first word

E.g. We rise… We purge…we go singing

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4
Q

Asyndetic listing

A

The omission of conjunctions from constructions in which they would normally be used. For example lists without conjunctions.

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5
Q

Collective pronouns

A

Denotes a group of persons or objects.

Eg. Embrace… Out abundant Elsa.

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6
Q

Ecphonesis

A

Exclamation of dismay

the use of an exclamatory phrase, as in “O tempore! O mores!”.

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7
Q

Epizeuxis

A 
A form of repetition. 
(Rhet.) A figure by which a word is repeated with vehemence or emphasis, as in the following lines: -
Alone, alone, all all alone,
Alone on a wide wide sea.
- Coleridge.
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8
Q

Exhortion

A

Forceful encouragement,

excites or earnestly advises.

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9
Q

Syndetic listing

A

A listing form that uses conjunctions

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10
Q

Sentential Adverb

A

Doesn’t add anything but shows relationship in this example:

Eg. You will, I know, laugh with me.

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11
Q

Abstract noun

A

Refers to qualities; states and other things that cannot be observed
eg. Beauty; pain; politics

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12
Q

Acronym

A

Words formed from the initials of words in a phrase it title eg. NATO

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13
Q

Active

A

Usual grammatical structure in which the subject of the verb is placed first

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14
Q

Additive conjunctions

A

Conjunctions that add eg. and; in addition; furthermore

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15
Q

Term of address

A

How people address each other eg. mum, mother, madam; indicates status; relationship class role gender

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16
Q

Adjacency pairs

A

Exchanges between different speakers that are connected and have expected responses (a question for example expects an answer) sustains/disrupts pattern of conversation

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17
Q

Adverbial

A

Sentence element that situates the action or state in place or time; can also indicate quality of the action or state. Eg. Up on the hill; on Thursday; in her quiet way.

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18
Q

Adversative conjunctions

A

Conjunctions that introduce a contradictory idea eg. but yet though however on the contrary.

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19
Q

Ambiguity

A

Words or phrases that have more than one meaning eg. We will fight the war on drugs.

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20
Q

Alliteration

A

The repetition of consonant sound- especially at the beginning of words eg. by the bang of blood.

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21
Q

Antithesis

A

The use of contrasting ideas eg. nothing/all dark/light

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22
Q

Archaic language

A

Language that is no longer in use but is out of date or old fashioned; can be used deliberately by authors to create an effect.

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23
Q

Assonance

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A

The religion of vowel sounds

24
Q

Anecdote

25
Auxiliary verb
Helps the main verb usually to express tense eg. he has gone shopping
26
Backtracking
Interruption of an utterance to include information that should have been included earlier; indicates how speakers monitor what they say
27
Cohesion
Patterns of language within a text that help organise and unite it; can be through grammatical or lexical features.
28
Collective noun
Refers to a group of people; animals etc. eg. Herd of cows
29
Colloquial language
Language that is in everyday use; particularly language used in informal speech eg. That dodgy bloke; ok
30
Common metre
A traditional poetic form which uses a four line stanza (or quatrain) containing lines with three or four stressed syllables each; the rhyme scheme is usually alternative (abab or abcb)
31
Comparative adjective
The form of an adjective that compares two things either by adding the word more or by adding -er to the adjective eg. This track is better than the other one.
32
Complex sentence
A sentence which has a main clause and one or more subordinate clauses.
33
Compound Sentence
A sentence which has two or more main clauses linked by co-ordinating conjunctions.
34
Connotations
Associated meanings linked to a word- they are often individual or cultural.
35
Context
Widely used term for the situation in which any language is produced or received; the context has an influence on language choices and meanings.
36
Contractions
A shortened form of a word or phrase that is used in speech and informal writing; in writing letters that have been left out are replaced by an apostrophe.
37
Cooperative signals
Signals that indicate that a listener agrees or want to hear more eg. ok; go on; mmm
38
Co-ordinating conjunctions
Conjunctions that link two or more main clauses; and but; or ; so neither nor either or
39
Definite article
Shows that the noun refers to one thing in particular eg. the apple.
40
Deixis
Language that points either to the real world eg. That one over there or forwards and backwards in a text eg. pronouns such as 'Tom was ill. He really was.'
41
Determiner
Word that determines the reference of the noun eg. the exam; an exam
42
Deviant spelling
Unconventional spelling that breaks accepted rules.
43
Embedded speech
When a speaker quotes the words of another speaker eg. She tells me that she want to go.
44
Emoticons
An icon or visual representation to convey emotion (emotion + icon) used in formal texts eg. :-)
45
End focus
The placing of words or phrases at the end of a sentence in order to give them more attention.
46
End stop
When a line of poetry ends with a strong punctuation mark such as full stop.
47
Enjambment
When the meaning of a line of poetry continues to the following line without strong punctuation
48
Eye-rhyme
Words that appear to rhyme but do not rhyme when spoken. eg. Love/move
49
False start
When a speaker begins an utterance; then either repeats it reformulates it; indicates self-correction and monitoring.
50
Figurative language
Language that uses features such as metaphor or simile eg. He ran like a bolt of lightning or his lightning speed can be compared with literal language eg. He ran very fast and powerfully.
51
Filler
Sound or word inserted into an utterance to enable a speaker to keep their turn or to have time to think etc. eg. Er; um; well
52
Foregrounding/ fronting
The placing of words or phrases at the beginning of a sentence in order to give them more attention
53
Framing narrative
A narrative that contains another within it eg. I met a man in the pub the other night the other day and he told me this story. Once upon a time...
54
Free indirect style
Where a third person narrator send to express the thoughts and feelings of a character; freely taking on the views and often the language of that character (narratives often slide between conventional third person narration and free indirect style)
55
Fricatives
Sounds made by the following: f/v; th; s/z; sh

Geography Terminology (5 decks)

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