Language Acquisition Theories

Question 1

Affective filter

Answer 1

Emotional influence on learning

Question 2

Early production

Answer 2

Stage of 2L language acquisition, learner is listening and absorbing

Question 3

Content based ESL

Answer 3

Integrates ESL instruction with subject instruction

Question 4

Communicative approach

Answer 4

Language learning comes through having to communicate meaning

Question 5

Cognitive code

Answer 5

Method of teaching ELL grammatical structure, and then practicing.

Question 6

Audiolingualism

Answer 6

Teaching of grammar and vocabulary through repetition and memorizing phrases

Question 7

Language objective

Answer 7

Specific language skill or knowledge that a student should master in a lesson

Question 8

Nativist theory

Answer 8

Noam chomsky idea that language is innate.

Question 9

Assimilate

Answer 9

Replaces most of home culture with new culture

Question 10

Sheltered instruction observation protocol

SIOP

Answer 10

Model used to make grade level content comprehensible while acquiring EL proficiency and developing academic language

Question 11

Comprehensible input

Answer 11

Information that can be understood despite language barriers

Question 12

CALPS - cognitive academic language proficiency

Answer 12

Proficiency in formal, academic language

Question 13

Language experience approach

LEA

Answer 13

Promotes reading, writing and speaking through personal experiences. Resources are learner generated

Question 14

Monitor hypothesis

Answer 14

Stephen Krashen 5 hypotheses of SLA, learners Edit own language performance

Question 15

Critical period hypothesis

Answer 15

Full native competence can be achieved from childhood to adolescence.

Question 16

Schema

Answer 16

Organized way of viewing the world and using it to incorporate new knowledge

Question 17

Concept attainment model (Bruner)

Answer 17

Indirect strategy using structured inquiry process.

Students figure out things of a category chosen by teacher. Compare and contrast examples.

Question 18

Affective filter response

Answer 18

SLA states needs and emotional states affect language acquisition.

Question 19

Sheltered instruction

Answer 19

Integrate language and content to make content comprehensible. Pair content objective and language objective.

Question 20

Cognitive and academic language learning approach

CALLA

Answer 20

Explicitly teach learning strategies and have students apply them to tasks to increase CALP.

Question 21

Additive approach

Answer 21

Lessons/units/examples represent a broader range of cultures and perspectives are added to existing curriculum

Question 22

Acquisition learning hypothesis

Answer 22

Stephen Krashen: acquisition occurs subconsciously from natural communication where focus is on meaning

Question 23

Scaffolding

Answer 23

Gradually removing aids when teaching new concepts

Question 24

Acculturation

Answer 24

One culture takes on some of the traits of another

Question 25

Multi sensory approach | VAKT

Answer 25

Info is presented in visual, auditory, kinesthetic a s tactile modalities

Question 26

Notional functional syllabus

Answer 26

Organized into notional categories or real life situations, people communicate and broken down into functions or aims of communication

Question 27

Natural approach

Answer 27

Krashen based method. Emphasis on low anxiety natural context SLA, goal maximum comprehensible input.

Question 28

Total physical response | TPR

Answer 28

Coordination of language and movement. Uses controlled vocabulary

Question 29

ZPD | Zone of proximal development

Answer 29

ZPD is the tasks learners can do with guidance.

Question 30

The silent way

Answer 30

Teacher is silent, encouraging natural language

Question 31

Grammar-translation or classical approach

Answer 31

Teaches grammar as a means to translate text from one language to another. Taught in native language, requires lots of memorization.

Question 32

Natural order hypothesis

Answer 32

Krashen 5 - there is a predictive natural order for language acquisition

Question 33

Speech emergence

Answer 33

Stage of SLA where learner speaks more frequently, using more complex language and structure

Question 34

Intermediate fluency

Answer 34

Stage of SLA: begins to communicate in more complex sentences Learner thinks in language now.

Question 35

Constructivist approach

Answer 35

Belief that humans construct knowledge and meaning from experienced. Interactive and student centered activities

Question 36

Cummins quadrants

Answer 36

Categorization of language tasks based on cognitive demand and amount of context available Quadrants: A: relatable context, low cognitive demand B: less relatable context, low cognitive demand C: relatable context, high cognitive demand D: less relatable context, High cognitive demand.

Question 37

Phonics approach

Answer 37

Method of teaching reading/writing by developing phonemic awareness (ability to hear, identify and manipulate phonemes)in order to teach sounds and spelling patterns.

Question 38

Silent period or pre-production

Answer 38

Stage of SLA: learner takes in new language but doesn’t speak

Question 39

Input hypothesis

Answer 39

Krashen 5- language is acquired through comprehensible input

Question 40

Advanced fluency

Answer 40

Stage of SLA: learner has reached near native proficiency

Question 41

Suggestopedia

Answer 41

Warm, relaxed, pleasant environment ideal for learning. Uses art and music, close teacher student relationship.

Question 42

Metacognition

Answer 42

Ability to think about own thoughts process

Question 43

Direct/oral/natural method

Answer 43

Immersion in language. Focus on oral communication

Question 44

Total response signals | TRS

Answer 44

Cues students can use to indicate they are ready to respond to questions or ready to move on to new material