Language And Gender Theories

Question 0

Women’s vocab includes trivial words because they are relegated to decisions about unimportant subjects

Answer 0

Robin lakoff

Question 1

Jennifer Coates and komarovsky

Answer 1

Women- family personal matters

Men- money, sport

Question 2

Men give information to enforce strength and status

Answer 2

Tannen

Question 3

The use of expletives by women ‘oh dear’ instead of shit

Answer 3

Lakoff

Question 4

Tag questions

Answer 4

Lakoff- adds uncertainty to a statement

Fishman- to keep conversation going

Question 5

Janet Holmes- tag questions

Answer 5

Modal- information
Affective- concern
Facilitative- draws in to work at convo

Question 6

Men use questions to seek information from each other

Answer 6

Coates- to gain status.

Question 7

Our roles as men and women vary from one situation to another, therefore our use of tag questions will vary depending on the role we are playing

Answer 7

Cameron

Question 8

Qualifiers (maybe perhaps)- lakoff

Answer 8

Women avoid strong statements or committing to an opinion- shows uncertainty

Question 9

Qualifiers show uncertainty when used by women but not by men

Answer 9

dale spender

Question 10

Hedges- Fishman

Answer 10

Woman use ‘you know’ more due to working at conversation

Question 11

Grammar- trudgill

Answer 11

Women use less colloquialisms

Question 12

Men interrupt women more than the same sex

Answer 12

Zimmerman and west

Question 13

Women interrupt women more than men

Answer 13

Zimmerman and west

Question 14

Interruptions- Tannen

Answer 14

Interruptions can be supportive/cooperative.

Question 15

Women see listening essential to group bonding. They assume a turn will be granted

Answer 15

Tannen

Question 16

Men are more competitive- use it for status

Answer 16

Cameron and Coates

Question 17

Men make inaccurate minimal responses- lack of support so women fall silent

Answer 17

Coats

Question 18

Women use more cloaked imperatives (lets)

Answer 18

Tannen

Question 19

Special lexicon- lakoff

Answer 19

Women use more words for things like colours, men for sports

Question 20

Women aim for overt prestige

Answer 20

Trudgill

Question 21

Men use more vernacular forms

Answer 21

Trudgill

Question 22

Men use low prestige pronunciation to appear more down to earth/tough

Answer 22

Trudgill

Question 23

Geoffrey Beattie- interruptions

Answer 23

Men interrupted only slight more
Could reflect interest not dominance
More reliable study.

Question 24

Tannen- difference theory

Answer 24

``` Status- support Independence- intimacy Advice- understanding Information- feelings Orders- proposals Conflict- compromise ```

Question 25

Tannen- rapport talk

Answer 25

Talk too much Private contexts Overlap Symmetrically

Question 26

Tannen- report talk men

Answer 26

``` Air time Public Negotiate status One at a time Asymmetric ```

Question 27

Tannen- cooperative overlap

Answer 27

Supportive sound when speaking

Question 28

Tannen- control of conversation

Answer 28

Competitive overlap

Question 29

Tannen- Hugh involvement speakers

Answer 29

Enthusiastic to show support

Question 30

High-considerate ness Tannen

Answer 30

Considerate of others

Question 31

Deficit approach

Answer 31

Women's language is weak on relation to male norm