Language and Occupation

Question 1

Legalese

Answer 1

Restricted usage
Specialised Lexis
Eg: tort is Latin for injury

Question 2

Michael Nelson

Answer 2

Manchester university
Found that there is such thing as “business lexis” that focuses on companies, money, events and there is little focus on weekends and personal issues

Question 3

Koester (2004)

Answer 3

Phatic talk is important in the workplace as workers need to establish interpersonal relationships

Question 4

Louihale Salman (1999)

Answer 4

Found that business letters where more formal than emails as with an email there is more language variation as it is more context dependant and the recipient already has some prior background knowledge

Question 5

Kim and Elder (2009)

Answer 5

Looked at communication difficulties between Korean pilots and American colleagues
Found that the difficulties were not caused by a language barrier but instead America’s pilots not using the correct terms and phrases, instead used idioms.
Danger: Tenerife flight disaster

Question 6

Couthlard and Sinclair- teacher student interaction

Answer 6

1975
IRF model
I-initiation
R-response
F-feedback
Taught in teacher training

Question 7

Cameron (2000)

Answer 7

Studied telephone conversation in a call centre
Highly formulaic rather than spontaneous
Questions and the order asked were determined by software
Caller will add interpersonal phrases to the customer feels they have had a good service
Conversations where subject to too much managerial control

Question 8

Fairclough (2001)

Answer 8

Textual and contextual aspects of power
Power in discourse- the way power is converted through language
Power behind discourse- focus on social and idealogical power

Question 9

Waering and power (1999)

Answer 9

Influential power: persuasive
Instrumental power: rules/law

Question 10

Goffman face act theory (1967)

Answer 10

-saving face
-losing face
-face work
-positive and negative face